Abstract:
:The differences in morphological behaviour between fibroblasts cultured on smooth and nanogrooved substrata (groove depth: 5-350 nm, width: 20-1000 nm) have been evaluated in vitro. The aim of the study was to clarify to what extent cell guidance occurs on increasingly smaller topographies. Pattern templates were made using electron beam lithography, and were subsequently replicated in polystyrene cell culture material using solvent casting. The replicates were investigated with atomic force microscopy (AFM). After seeding with fibroblasts, morphological characteristics were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy, in order to obtain qualitative and quantitative information on cell alignment. AFM revealed that the nanogroove/ridge widths were replicated perfectly, although at deeper levels the grooves became more concave. The smooth substrata had no distinguishable pattern other than a roughness amplitude of 1 nm. Interestingly, microscopy and image analysis showed that fibroblast after 4 h had adjusted their shape according to nanotopographical features down to cut-off values of 100 nm width and 75 nm depth. After 24 h culturing time, fibroblasts would even align themselves on groove depths as shallow as 35 nm. It appears depth is the most essential parameter in cellular alignment on groove patterns with a pitch ratio of 1:1. On the smooth substrata, cells always spread out in a random fashion. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that both main parameters, topography and culturing time, were significant. We conclude that fibroblast cells cultured on nanotopography experience a threshold feature size of 35 nm, below this value contact guidance does no longer exist.
journal_name
Biomaterialsjournal_title
Biomaterialsauthors
Loesberg WA,te Riet J,van Delft FC,Schön P,Figdor CG,Speller S,van Loon JJ,Walboomers XF,Jansen JAdoi
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.05.030subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-09-01 00:00:00pages
3944-51issue
27eissn
0142-9612issn
1878-5905pii
S0142-9612(07)00413-9journal_volume
28pub_type
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