Keratin genes, epidermal differentiation and animal models for the study of human skin diseases.

abstract：:Tandem repeats (TR) in proteins are common in nature and have several unique functions. They come in various forms that are frequently difficult to recognize from a sequence. A previously proposed structural classification has been recently implemented in the RepeatsDB database. This defines five main classes, mainly ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Paladin L,Tosatto SC

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The GABAR [GABA(A) (gamma-aminobutyric acid type A) receptor], which mediates most inhibition in the brain, is regulated homoeostatically to maintain an optimal level of neuronal excitability. In particular, the alpha(4)betadelta subtype of the GABAR plays a pivotal role in this regulation. This receptor, which is exp...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Shen H,Smith SS

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A novel strategy to treat anxiety and fear-related disorders such as phobias, panic and PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) is combining CBT (cognitive behavioural therapy), including extinction-based exposure therapy, with cognitive enhancers. By targeting and boosting mechanisms underlying learning, drug developme...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Whittle N,Singewald N

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Besides stomata, the photosynthetic CO2 pathway also involves the transport of CO2 from the sub-stomatal air spaces inside to the carboxylation sites in the chloroplast stroma, where Rubisco is located. This pathway is far to be a simple and direct way, formed by series of consecutive barriers that the CO2 should cros...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gago J,Daloso DM,Carriquí M,Nadal M,Morales M,Araújo WL,Nunes-Nesi A,Flexas J

更新日期：2020-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Ligand-gated ion channels function as rapid signal transducers, converting chemical signals (in the form of neurotransmitters) into electrical signals in the postsynaptic neuron. This is achieved by the recognition of neurotransmitter at its specific-binding sites, which then triggers the opening of an ion channel ('g...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Kash TL,Trudell JR,Harrison NL

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sucrose non-fermenting 1 (Snf1) protein kinase, a yeast homologue of mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase, plays a main role in transcriptional activation and repression of gene expression. In addition, Snf1 kinase has a broad role in the cellular response to several forms of stress, such as nutrient limitation, sal...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Sanz P

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isolation and purification of the [NiFe] hydrogenase of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Miyazaki F under aerobic conditions leads to a mixture of two states, Ni-A (unready) and Ni-B (ready). The two states are distinguished by different activation times and different EPR spectra. HYSCORE and ENDOR data and DFT calculations sho...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： van Gastel M,Fichtner C,Neese F,Lubitz W

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulation of macrophage cholesterol homoeostasis is of crucial importance in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, an underlying cause of heart attack and stroke. Several recent studies have revealed a critical role for the cytokine TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta), a key regulator of the immune and infl...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Ramji DP,Singh NN,Foka P,Irvine SA,Arnaoutakis K

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human prostate expresses very high concentrations of annexins 1, 4, and 5 and secretes high concentrations of annexins 1 and 5. Although the biological roles of these proteins in prostate secretions are not known, these studies emphasize the need to consider extracellular sites for physiological functions of annex...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Haigler HT,Christmas P

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial disorders are a group of genetic diseases affecting the energy-converting process of oxidative phosphorylation. The extreme variability of symptoms, organ involvement, and clinical course represent a challenge to the development of effective therapeutic interventions. However, new possibilities have rece...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Viscomi C

更新日期：2016-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increasing appreciation among researchers and clinicians of the value of investigating biology and pathobiology at the level of cellular kinase (kinome) activity. Kinome analysis provides valuable opportunity to gain insights into complex biology (including disease pathology), identify biomarkers of critical ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Baharani A,Trost B,Kusalik A,Napper S

更新日期：2017-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:FtsK is a multifunctional protein, which, in Escherichia coli, co-ordinates the essential functions of cell division, DNA unlinking and chromosome segregation. Its C-terminus is a DNA translocase, the fastest yet characterized, which acts as a septum-localized DNA pump. FtsK's C-terminus also interacts with the XerCD ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Grainge I

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of Hsp70 (heat-shock protein 70) chaperones in assisting protein-folding processes relies on their ability to associate with short peptide stretches of protein substrates in a transient and ATP-controlled manner. In the present study, we review the molecular details of the mechanism behind substrate recogniti...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Erbse A,Mayer MP,Bukau B

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large single crystals (up to 1 mm in each dimension) of the B800-850 antenna complex from Rhodopseudomonas acidophila strain 10050 have been grown in the presence of beta-octyl-glucoside. These crystals have the space group R32 and unit cell dimensions of a = b = 119.9 A and c = 297.0 A. Recently we have improved our ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cogdell RJ,Halloren E,Hawthornthwaite AM,Thunnissen MM,Freer AA,McDermott G,Guthrie N,Isaacs N,Lindsay JG,Papiz M

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogenase activity in Rhodospirillum rubrum is post-translationally regulated by DRAG (dinitrogenase reductase glycohydrolase) and DRAT (dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosylation transferase). When a sudden increase in fixed nitrogen concentration or energy depletion is sensed by the cells, DRAG is inactivated and DR...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wang H,Norén A

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous breast cancer subtype that lacks targeted therapy due to the absence of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. Moreover, TNBC was shown to have a poor prognosis, since it involves aggressive phenotypes that confer significant hindrance to therapeutic treatme...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Rajagopal T,Talluri S,Venkatabalasubramanian S,Dunna NR

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Cdc (cell division cycle) 45 protein has a central role in the regulation of the initiation and elongation stages of eukaryotic chromosomal DNA replication. In addition, it is the main target for a Chk1 (checkpoint kinase 1)-dependent Cdc25/CDK2 (cyclin-dependent kinase 2)-independent DNA damage checkpoint signal ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Broderick R,Nasheuer HP

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNase A (1 mM) was incubated with glucose (0.4 M) at 37 degrees C for up to 14 days in phosphate buffer (0.2 M, pH 7.4), digested with trypsin and analysed by LC-MS. The major sites of fructoselysine formation were Lys(1), Lys(7), Lys(37) and Lys(41). Three of these sites (Lys(7), Lys(37) and Lys(41)) were also the ma...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cotham WE,Hinton DJ,Metz TO,Brock JW,Thorpe SR,Baynes JW,Ames JM

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Iron, copper and zinc are essential metals for cell metabolism. Plants have evolved different schemes to efficiently mobilize low-solubility nutrients such as metals from their environment and to transport them between organs. In this review we highlight the divergences and convergences of the iron, copper and zinc up...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wintz H,Fox T,Vulpe C

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse ES (embryonic stem) cells maintain pluripotency with robust proliferation in vitro. ES cells share some similarities with cancer cells, such as anchorage-independent growth, loss of contact inhibition and tumour formation. After differentiation, ES cells lose pluripotency and tumorigenicity. Recent studies showe...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Takahashi K,Murakami M,Yamanaka S

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human CD4 T helper lymphocytes can be subdivided into at least three distinct functional subsets on the basis of their cytokine secretion profiles. One type of CD4+ lymphocyte, T helper 1 (Th1), produces interferon (IFN)-gamma and tumour necrosis factor beta, a second type (Th2) produces interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 an...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Piccinni MP,Maggi E,Romagnani S

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent findings that some 24 inherited diseases and anomalies are caused by defects in proteins of the NE (nuclear envelope) and lamina have resulted in a fundamental reassessment of the functions of the NE and underlying lamina. Instead of just regarding the NE and lamina as a molecular filtering device, regulating t...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cohen TV,Hernandez L,Stewart CL

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:miRNAs (microRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. They generally bind to the 3'-UTR (untranslated region) of their target mRNAs and repress protein production by destabilizing the mRNA and translational silencing. The exact mechanism of miRNA-mediated translational repr...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cannell IG,Kong YW,Bushell M

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various investigators have identified the major domain organization of LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2), which includes a GTPase ROC (Ras of complex proteins) domain followed by a COR (C-terminal of ROC) domain and a protein kinase domain. In addition, there are four domains composed of structural repeat motifs li...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Mills RD,Mulhern TD,Cheng HC,Culvenor JG

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using the Edmonton protocol, a number of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus have remained insulin-independent for prolonged periods of time. In spite of this success, transplantation of islets from cadaver donors will remain a therapy for very few patients owing to a lack of donors. Thus, if cell therapy should be...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Semb H

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The physiological roles of insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are distinct, with insulin acting to regulate cellular uptake and metabolism of fuels, whereas IGFs promote cell growth, survival and differentiation. The only components of signalling pathways known to be unique to insulin and IGFs are their re...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Siddle K,Ursø B,Niesler CA,Cope DL,Molina L,Surinya KH,Soos MA

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitogenic tyrosine kinase receptors such as the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) are endocytosed once they are activated at the cell surface. After reaching the early endosome, they are ubiquitinated within their cytosolic domain and are consequently sorted away from recycling receptors. They are then incorpora...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Woodman P

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activated tyrosine kinase receptors acquire ubiquitin tags. Ubiquitination governs receptor down-regulation through interaction with components of the endosomal ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) machinery that shepherds receptors into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies en route to the l...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Urbé S,McCullough J,Row P,Prior IA,Welchman R,Clague MJ

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prelamin A is the precursor protein of lamin A, a major constituent of the nuclear lamina in higher eukaryotes. Increasing attention to prelamin A processing and function has been given after the discovery, from 2002 to 2004, of diseases caused by prelamin A accumulation. These diseases, belonging to the group of lami...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lattanzi G

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown that yeast mutants with defects in the Ada adaptor proteins are defective in hormone-dependent gene activation by ectopically expressed human glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Others have shown that the Ada2 protein is required for physical interactions between some activation domains and TBP (TATA-binding p...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wallberg AE,Flinn EM,Gustafsson JA,Wright AP

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00