Atomic structure of a fragment of human CD4 containing two immunoglobulin-like domains.

abstract：:The use of chemotherapy to suppress replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has transformed the face of AIDS in the developed world. Pronounced reductions in illness and death have been achieved and healthcare utilization has diminished. HIV therapy has also provided many new insights into the pathogenes...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Richman DD

更新日期：2001-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease is the world's most common dementing illness. Deposition of amyloid-β peptide drives cerebral neuroinflammation by activating microglia. Indeed, amyloid-β activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia is fundamental for interleukin-1β maturation and subsequent inflammatory events. However, it r...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Heneka MT,Kummer MP,Stutz A,Delekate A,Schwartz S,Vieira-Saecker A,Griep A,Axt D,Remus A,Tzeng TC,Gelpi E,Halle A,Korte M,Latz E,Golenbock DT

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Spinal cord injury disrupts the communication between the brain and the spinal circuits that orchestrate movement. To bypass the lesion, brain-computer interfaces have directly linked cortical activity to electrical stimulation of muscles, and have thus restored grasping abilities after hand paralysis. Theoretically, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Capogrosso M,Milekovic T,Borton D,Wagner F,Moraud EM,Mignardot JB,Buse N,Gandar J,Barraud Q,Xing D,Rey E,Duis S,Jianzhong Y,Ko WK,Li Q,Detemple P,Denison T,Micera S,Bezard E,Bloch J,Courtine G

更新日期：2016-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell line misidentification, contamination and poor annotation affect scientific reproducibility. Here we outline simple measures to detect or avoid cross-contamination, present a framework for cell line annotation linked to short tandem repeat and single nucleotide polymorphism profiles, and provide a catalogue of sy...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yu M,Selvaraj SK,Liang-Chu MM,Aghajani S,Busse M,Yuan J,Lee G,Peale F,Klijn C,Bourgon R,Kaminker JS,Neve RM

更新日期：2015-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of a repeating fast radio burst (FRB) source1,2, FRB 121102, eliminated models involving cataclysmic events for this source. No other repeating FRB has hitherto been detected despite many recent discoveries and follow-ups3-5, suggesting that repeaters may be rare in the FRB population. Here we report the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： CHIME\/FRB Collaboration.

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Globular star clusters are compact and massive stellar systems old enough to have witnessed the entire history of our Galaxy, the Milky Way. Although recent results suggest that their formation may have been more complex than previously thought, they still are the best approximation to a stellar population formed over...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ferraro FR,Dalessandro E,Mucciarelli A,Beccari G,Rich RM,Origlia L,Lanzoni B,Rood RT,Valenti E,Bellazzini M,Ransom SM,Cocozza G

更新日期：2009-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:When chemical reactions whose rate increases with the concentration of a product species are carried out in imperfectly mixed systems, a variety of complex behaviours can occur. These phenomena, which have relevance for biological processes as well, include chaotic and stochastic behaviour and selection of one final s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Epstein IR

更新日期：1995-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin and growth of magnetic fields in galaxies is still something of an enigma. It is generally assumed that seed fields are amplified over time through the dynamo effect, but there are few constraints on the timescale. It was recently demonstrated that field strengths as traced by rotation measures of distant (...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bernet ML,Miniati F,Lilly SJ,Kronberg PP,Dessauges-Zavadsky M

更新日期：2008-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Unicellular organisms such as yeasts require a single cyclin-dependent kinase, Cdk1, to drive cell division. In contrast, mammalian cells are thought to require the sequential activation of at least four different cyclin-dependent kinases, Cdk2, Cdk3, Cdk4 and Cdk6, to drive cells through interphase, as well as Cdk1 t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Santamaría D,Barrière C,Cerqueira A,Hunt S,Tardy C,Newton K,Cáceres JF,Dubus P,Malumbres M,Barbacid M

更新日期：2007-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Chameleons are arboral lizards that spot their prey visually and catch it by highly precise shots with their long sticky tongue. They scan their environment by large-amplitude independent saccadic eye movements; once an insect is detected, the head axis is aligned towards the target ('head tracking', both eyes come fo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ott M,Schaeffel F

更新日期：1995-02-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown previously that chemically skinned fibre bundles from scallop muscle can be desensitized to the action of calcium by the removal of the regulatory light chains of myosin and that sensitivity can be restored by the re-addition of scallop light chains. We have now confirmed these results and extended our o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Simmons RM,Szent-Györgyi AG

更新日期：1980-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:About one-third of human breast cancers require hormones for their continued growth and endocrine ablation or anti-hormone therapy can cause regression of these tumours. As a consequence, ovariectomy in premenopausal women or administration of an anti-oestrogen (tamoxifen) in postmenopausal women represent major optio...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Miller WR,Scott WN,Morris R,Fraser HM,Sharpe RM

更新日期：1985-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Io leaves a magnetic footprint on Jupiter's upper atmosphere that appears as a spot of ultraviolet emission that remains fixed underneath Io as Jupiter rotates. The specific physical mechanisms responsible for generating those emissions are not well understood, but in general the spot seems to arise because of an elec...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Clarke JT,Ajello J,Ballester G,Ben Jaffel L,Connerney J,Gérard JC,Gladstone GR,Grodent D,Pryor W,Trauger J,Waite JH Jr

更新日期：2002-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The generation of strong serological responses to protein antigens in experimental animals usually requires the use of potent adjuvants, most of which cannot be used in human or veterinary vaccines because of deleterious side effects. Attempting to circumvent this problem, we have assessed an adjuvant-free antigen-del...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Carayanniotis G,Barber BH

更新日期：1987-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:MyoD1 and myogenin are muscle-specific proteins which can convert non-myogenic cells in culture to differentiated muscle fibres, implicating them in myogenic determination. The pattern of expression of MyoD1 and myogenin during the early stages of muscle formation in the mouse embryo in vivo and in limb-bud explants c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sassoon D,Lyons G,Wright WE,Lin V,Lassar A,Weintraub H,Buckingham M

更新日期：1989-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopamine modulates medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity to mediate diverse behavioural functions1,2; however, the precise circuit computations remain unknown. One potentially unifying model by which dopamine may underlie a diversity of functions is by modulating the signal-to-noise ratio in subpopulations of mPFC ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vander Weele CM,Siciliano CA,Matthews GA,Namburi P,Izadmehr EM,Espinel IC,Nieh EH,Schut EHS,Padilla-Coreano N,Burgos-Robles A,Chang CJ,Kimchi EY,Beyeler A,Wichmann R,Wildes CP,Tye KM

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many animals rely on an internal heading representation when navigating in varied environments1-10. How this representation is linked to the sensory cues that define different surroundings is unclear. In the fly brain, heading is represented by 'compass' neurons that innervate a ring-shaped structure known as the elli...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kim SS,Hermundstad AM,Romani S,Abbott LF,Jayaraman V

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Establishment and maintenance of proper architecture is essential for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function. Homotypic membrane fusion is required for ER biogenesis and maintenance, and has been shown to depend on GTP hydrolysis. Here we demonstrate that Drosophila Atlastin--the fly homologue of the mammalian GTPase atl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Orso G,Pendin D,Liu S,Tosetto J,Moss TJ,Faust JE,Micaroni M,Egorova A,Martinuzzi A,McNew JA,Daga A

更新日期：2009-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors：

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbialites are organosedimentary structures that can be constructed by a variety of metabolically distinct taxa. Consequently, microbialite structures abound in the fossil record, although the exact nature of the biogeochemical processes that produced them is often unknown. One such class of ancient calcareous stru...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Laval B,Cady SL,Pollack JC,McKay CP,Bird JS,Grotzinger JP,Ford DC,Bohm HR

更新日期：2000-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The amino-terminal region of the common corticotropin/beta-lipotrophin (beta-LPH) precursor has been identified in the AtT-20 mouse tumor cells as a glycopeptide with an apparent molecular weight of 16,000 (the '16K fragment'). A third melanotropin core sequence or gamma-MSH similar to that found in ACTH and beta-LPH ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Al-Dujaili EA,Hope J,Estivariz FE,Lowry PJ,Edwards CR

更新日期：1981-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of the cytoskeleton during viral infection is poorly understood. Here we show, using a combination of mutant and drug studies, that the intracellular enveloped form of vaccinia virus is capable of inducing the formation of actin tails that are strikingly similar to those seen in Listeria, Shigella and Rickett...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cudmore S,Cossart P,Griffiths G,Way M

更新日期：1995-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Information from the human genome sequence will eventually alter many aspects of clinical practice. It will increase through our understanding of disease mechanisms, and guide the development of new drugs and therapeutic procedures. In the short term, however, knowledge of the genome will have a profound clinical impa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bell J

更新日期：2004-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) are a major class of excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the central nervous system. They form glutamate-gated ion channels that are highly permeable to calcium and mediate activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. NMDAR dysfunction is implicated in multiple brain diso...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gielen M,Siegler Retchless B,Mony L,Johnson JW,Paoletti P

更新日期：2009-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation of the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II is believed to control the transition from transcription initiation to elongation. The general transcription factor IIH (TFIIH) contains a kinase activity capable of phosphorylating this domain. Factors that promote the associat...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lu H,Zawel L,Fisher L,Egly JM,Reinberg D

更新日期：1992-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The spindle checkpoint prevents chromosome mis-segregation by delaying sister chromatid separation until all chromosomes have achieved bipolar attachment to the mitotic spindle. Its operation is essential for accurate chromosome segregation, whereas its dysregulation can contribute to birth defects and tumorigenesis. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stegmeier F,Rape M,Draviam VM,Nalepa G,Sowa ME,Ang XL,McDonald ER 3rd,Li MZ,Hannon GJ,Sorger PK,Kirschner MW,Harper JW,Elledge SJ

更新日期：2007-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Sheep learn to recognize the odours of their lambs within two hours of giving birth, and this learning involves synaptic changes within the olfactory bulb. Specifically, mitral cells become increasingly responsive to the learned odour, which stimulates release of both glutamate and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) neuro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kendrick KM,Guevara-Guzman R,Zorrilla J,Hinton MR,Broad KD,Mimmack M,Ohkura S

更新日期：1997-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:A large impact by a comet or meteorite releases an enormous amount of energy, which evaporates, melts and fractures the surrounding rocks. Distinctive features of such impacts are 'shatter cones', deformed rocks characterized by hierarchical striated features. Although such features have been used for decades as unequ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sagy A,Reches Z,Fineberg J

更新日期：2002-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Certain mast cell products, including the tetrapeptides Ala-Gly-Ser-Glu (Ala4) and Val-Gly-Ser-Glu (Val4) of the eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis (ECF-A) and histamine, are preferentially chemotactic for eosinophils in vitro. Amino acid substitutions or modifications of the ECF-A tetrapeptides may substant...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Capron M,Capron A,Goetzl EJ,Austen KF

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular mechanisms of exon definition and back-splicing are fundamental unanswered questions in pre-mRNA splicing. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of the yeast spliceosomal E complex assembled on introns, providing a view of the earliest event in the splicing cycle that commits pre-mRNAs to sp...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Li X,Liu S,Zhang L,Issaian A,Hill RC,Espinosa S,Shi S,Cui Y,Kappel K,Das R,Hansen KC,Zhou ZH,Zhao R

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00