Structural characteristics of lysophosphatidic acid biological targets.

abstract：:Endocytosis of transmembrane receptors largely occurs via clathrin-coated vesicles that bud from the plasma membrane and deliver their cargo to the endosomal system for recycling or degradation. PIs (phosphoinositides) control the timing and localization of endocytic membrane trafficking by recruiting adaptors and oth...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Haucke V

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human RAD30B gene has recently been shown to encode a novel DNA polymerase, DNA polymerase iota (poliota). The role of poliota within the cell is presently unknown, and the only clues to its cellular function come from its biochemical characterization in vitro. The aim of this short review is, therefore, to summar...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Tissier A,Frank EG,McDonald JP,Vaisman A,Fernàndez de Henestrosa AR,Boudsocq F,McLenigan MP,Woodgate R

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signalling pathways contribute to the regulation of diverse responses, including normal and pathological aspects of cell growth, division, differentiation and death. Their ubiquity and versatility raise the issue of how they achieve specific coupling of signal with cellular resp...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Bardwell L

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The PDC (pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) plays a central role in the maintenance of glucose homoeostasis in mammals. The carbon flux through the PDC is meticulously controlled by elaborate mechanisms involving post-translational (short-term) phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and transcriptional (long-term) controls. T...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Patel MS,Korotchkina LG

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PLUNC (palate, lung and nasal epithelium clone) is a small, secreted protein that is expressed in the oropharynx and upper airways of humans, mice and rats. We have described a family of at least 14 PLUNC genes localized on chromosome 20 (in humans), 2 (in mice) or 3 (in rats). These rapidly evolving proteins are stru...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Bingle CD,Craven CJ

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:UBDs [Ub (ubiquitin)-binding domains], which are typically small protein motifs of <50 residues, are used by receptor proteins to transduce post-translational Ub modifications in a wide range of biological processes, including NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) signalling and proteasomal degradation pathways. More than 20 fami...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Searle MS,Garner TP,Strachan J,Long J,Adlington J,Cavey JR,Shaw B,Layfield R

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of Hsp70 (heat-shock protein 70) chaperones in assisting protein-folding processes relies on their ability to associate with short peptide stretches of protein substrates in a transient and ATP-controlled manner. In the present study, we review the molecular details of the mechanism behind substrate recogniti...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Erbse A,Mayer MP,Bukau B

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic gene circuits allow us to govern cell behavior in a programmable manner, which is central to almost any application aiming to harness engineered living cells for user-defined tasks. Transcription factors (TFs) constitute the 'classic' tool for synthetic circuit construction but some of their inherent constra...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Santos-Moreno J,Schaerli Y

更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the effects of the signalling molecule nitric oxide (NO) are mediated by the stimulation of the NO-sensitive GC (guanylate cyclase) and the subsequent increase in cGMP formation. The enzyme contains a prosthetic haem group, which mediates NO stimulation. In addition to the physiological activator NO, NO-sensit...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Koesling D,Mullershausen F,Lange A,Friebe A,Mergia E,Wagner C,Russwurm M

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:FtsK is a multifunctional protein, which, in Escherichia coli, co-ordinates the essential functions of cell division, DNA unlinking and chromosome segregation. Its C-terminus is a DNA translocase, the fastest yet characterized, which acts as a septum-localized DNA pump. FtsK's C-terminus also interacts with the XerCD ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Grainge I

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) receptor is a family B GPCR (G-protein-coupled receptor). It consists of a GPCR, CLR (calcitonin receptor-like receptor) and an accessory protein, RAMP1 (receptor activity modifying protein 1). RAMP1 is needed for CGRP binding and also cell-surface expression of CLR. CLR is a...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Barwell J,Wheatley M,Conner AC,Taddese B,Vohra S,Reynolds CA,Poyner DR

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) is a divergent member of the transforming growth factor-beta/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) superfamily that is required for proper skeletal patterning and development in the vertebrate limb. Based on the homology of GDF-5 with other bone-inducing BMP family members, the i...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Spiro RC,Liu L,Heidaran MA,Thompson AY,Ng CK,Pohl J,Poser JW

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The translocator protein (18 kDa) (TSPO) resides on the outer mitochondrial membrane where it is believed to participate in cholesterol transport and steroid hormone synthesis. Although it is almost ubiquitously expressed, what TSPO does in non-steroidogenic tissues is largely unexplored. Recent studies report changes...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gut P

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Haem (Fe-protoporphyrin IX) is a cofactor found in a wide variety of proteins. It confers diverse functions, including electron transfer, the binding and sensing of gases, and many types of catalysis. The majority of cofactors are non-covalently attached to proteins. There are, however, some proteins in which the cofa...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Stevens JM,Uchida T,Daltrop O,Ferguson SJ

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood vessel formation during vertebrate development relies on a process called angiogenesis and is essential for organ growth and tissue viability. In addition, angiogenesis leads to pathological blood vessel growth in diseases with tissue ischaemia, such as neovascular eye disease and cancer. Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lampropoulou A,Ruhrberg C

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The network of the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) is set up by cytoskeletal control of the movement and remodelling of polygonal rings of tubules, bundles of tubules and cisternal regions. We have developed a new image analysis tool, persistency mapping, to understand the framework upon which the plant ER remodels. With t...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Griffing LR

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GRIF-1 [GABA(A) (gamma-aminobutyric acid(A)) receptor interacting factor-1] is a member of a coiled-coil family of proteins thought to function as adaptors in the anterograde trafficking of organelles utilizing the kinesin-1 motor proteins to synapses. To study in more detail the molecular interaction between GRIF-1 a...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Pozo K,Stephenson FA

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anaphase B spindle elongation plays an important role in chromosome segregation. In the present paper, we discuss our model for anaphase B in Drosophila syncytial embryos, in which spindle elongation depends on an ip (interpolar) MT (microtubule) sliding filament mechanism generated by homotetrameric kinesin-5 motors ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Brust-Mascher I,Scholey JM

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The secretin receptor is prototypic of Class II GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors), based on its structural and functional characteristics and those of its natural agonist ligand. Secretin represents a linear 27-residue peptide with diffuse pharmacophoric domain. The secretin receptor includes the typical signature s...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Miller LJ,Dong M,Harikumar KG,Gao F

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA degradation is a vital post-transcriptional process which ensures that transcripts are maintained at the correct level within the cell. DIS3L2 and XRN1 are conserved exoribonucleases that are critical for the degradation of cytoplasmic RNAs. Although the molecular mechanisms of RNA degradation by DIS3L2 and XRN1 h...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Pashler AL,Towler BP,Jones CI,Newbury SF

更新日期：2016-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In cruciferous plants, the primary pre-rRNA cleavage site (P site) is immediately downstream of four similar, highly conserved sequences (A(1), A(2), A(3) and B) located within the 5'-ETS (5'-external transcribed spacer). In the present study, we describe the characterization of a plant NF D (nuclear factor D) that bi...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Sáez-Vasquez J,Caparros-Ruiz D,Barneche F,Echeverría M

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous bacterial proteins involved in the nitrogen cycle, and other processes, require c-type haem as a cofactor. c-type cytochromes are formed by covalent attachment of haem to the conserved CXXCH motif. Here, we briefly review what is presently known about cytochrome c maturation in Bacillus subtilis with particul...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Crow A,Le Brun NE,Oubrie A

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ets family of eukaryotic transcription factors is based around the conserved Ets DNA-binding domain. Although their DNA-binding selectivity is biochemically and structurally well characterized, structures of homodimeric and ternary complexes point to Ets domains functioning as versatile protein-interaction modules...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cooper CD,Newman JA,Gileadi O

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PGs (prostaglandins) are synthesized through the cyclo-oxygenase (COX-1 and -2) pathway in a variety of cells in response to various physiological stimuli. All cells require at least one pathway for apoptosis, and mitochondrial play a central role in regulation of apoptosis. In a previous study, incubation of A549 cel...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Fang KM,Shu WH,Chang HC,Wang JJ,Mak OT

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using the Edmonton protocol, a number of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus have remained insulin-independent for prolonged periods of time. In spite of this success, transplantation of islets from cadaver donors will remain a therapy for very few patients owing to a lack of donors. Thus, if cell therapy should be...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Semb H

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is a cobalt-containing modified tetrapyrrole that is an essential nutrient for higher animals. Its biosynthesis is restricted to certain bacteria and requires approximately 30 enzymatic steps for its complete de novo construction. Remarkably, two distinct biosynthetic pathways exist, which are ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Moore SJ,Warren MJ

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The central role of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor A) in angiogenesis is dependent upon its ability to co-ordinately regulate multiple endothelial functions. The multifunctionality of VEGF at the cellular level results from its ability to initiate a diverse, complex and integrated network of signalling pathw...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Zachary I

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The axial ligand of the catalytic mononuclear T1 copper site (Met(502)) of the CotA laccase was replaced by a leucine or phenylalanine residue to increase the redox potential of the enzyme. These mutations led to an increase in the redox potential by approx. 100 mV relative to the wild-type enzyme but the catalytic co...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Melo EP,Fernandes AT,Durão P,Martins LO

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unr (upstream of N-ras) is a eukaryotic RNA-binding protein that has a number of roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Originally identified as an activator of internal initiation of picornavirus translation, it has since been shown to act as an activator and inhibitor of cellular translatio...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Ray S,Catnaigh PÓ,Anderson EC

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many quinone-reactive enzyme complexes that are part of membrane-integral eukaryotic or prokaryotic respiratory electron transport chains contain one or more haem b molecules embedded in the membrane. In recent years, various novel proteins have emerged that are devoid of haem b but are thought to fulfil a similar fun...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Simon J,Kern M

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00