Abstract:
:Endocytosis of transmembrane receptors largely occurs via clathrin-coated vesicles that bud from the plasma membrane and deliver their cargo to the endosomal system for recycling or degradation. PIs (phosphoinositides) control the timing and localization of endocytic membrane trafficking by recruiting adaptors and other components of the transport machinery, thereby being part of a coincidence detection system in adaptor-mediated vesicle transport. Activation of organelle- and substrate-specific PI kinases by small GTPases such as Arf (ADP-ribosylation factor) and other factors may result in local changes of PI content, thereby regulating activity-dependent endocytic events including the recycling of synaptic vesicle membranes at nerve terminals. One such example is the PtdIns(4)P 5-kinase-mediated formation of PI(4,5)P2 [PtdIns(4,5)P2], which is required for the exo- and endo-cytic cycling of presynaptic vesicles and secretory granules. Over the last few years, protein X-ray crystallography in combination with biochemical and cell biological assays has been used to investigate the structure and function of many PI-binding proteins, including protein components of the endocytic machinery. These studies have provided molecular insights into the mechanisms by which PI(4,5)P2 recruits and activates adaptor proteins and their binding partners. In this mini-review, I will discuss the pathways of PI(4,5)P2 formation and its interactions with endocytic trafficking adaptors.
journal_name
Biochem Soc Transjournal_title
Biochemical Society transactionsauthors
Haucke Vdoi
10.1042/BST20051285keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-12-01 00:00:00pages
1285-9issue
Pt 6eissn
0300-5127issn
1470-8752pii
BST20051285journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Loss of barrier function in the vasculature promotes inflammatory signalling which in turn contributes to the progression of cardiovascular disease. cAMP can protect against endothelial dysfunction through the effectors PKA (protein kinase A) and Epac (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP). The present review o...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20130271
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peptide-bond formation is the enzymatic activity of the ribosome. The catalytic site is made up of ribosomal RNA, indicating that the ribosome is a ribozyme. This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the mechanism of peptide bond formation. The results of biochemical and kinetic experiments, mutagene...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0330493
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::PilZ domain-containing proteins constitute a large family of bacterial signaling proteins. As a widely distributed protein domain for the binding of the second messenger c-di-GMP, the canonical PilZ domain contains a set of motifs that define the binding site for c-di-GMP and an allosteric switch for propagating local...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20180543
更新日期:2019-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::An important aspect of the cytochrome c electrochemistry is the possibility of coupling the 'heterogeneous reactions' with other redox enzymes. Cellobiose dehydrogenase, a 89170 Da glycoprotein that contains both FAD and a b-type haem as prosthetic groups, donates electrons to a number of acceptors, including cytochro...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/bst0280063
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vascular endothelium, adherens junctions between endothelial cells are composed of VE-cadherin (vascular endothelial cadherin), an adhesive receptor that is crucial for the proper assembly of vascular structures and the maintenance of vascular integrity. As a classical cadherin, VE-cadherin links endothelial cells ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0360189
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blood vessel formation during vertebrate development relies on a process called angiogenesis and is essential for organ growth and tissue viability. In addition, angiogenesis leads to pathological blood vessel growth in diseases with tissue ischaemia, such as neovascular eye disease and cancer. Neuropilin 1 (NRP1) is ...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20140244
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix is a dynamic process, mediated by a series of cell-surface and matrix-associated molecules that interact with each other in a spatially and temporally regulated manner. These interactions play a major role in tissue formation, cellular migration and the induction of ad...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0320416
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid, is a precursor of prostaglandins, leukotrienes and related compounds that have important roles as mediators and regulators of inflammation. Consuming increased amounts of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (found in oily fish and fish oils) results in a par...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0330423
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::ESR1 is frequently silenced by CGI (CpG island) methylation, both in human colorectal tumours and, in an age-dependent manner, in healthy mucosa. It is not clear, however, whether methylation of individual cytosines occurs randomly within the epithelial genome, or preferentially within individual cells as an 'all-or-n...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0330709
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian vascular system consists of two distinct, but closely related, networks: the blood vasculature (itself divided into arterial and venous networks) and the lymphatic vasculature. EC (endothelial cell) lineage specification has been proposed to be determined during embryonic development, after which the ECs...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20110723
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smoking is the main risk factor for COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) but genetic factors are of importance, since only a subset of smokers develops the disease. Sex differences have been suggested both in disease prevalence and response to environmental exposures. Furthermore, it has been shown that acquis...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0370814
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A modification of the Structure Alignment Program (SAP), combined with a novel automatic method for the definition of structural elements, correctly identified the core folds of a variety of small beta/alpha proteins when compared with a series of ideal architectures. This approach opens the possibility of not just de...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/bst0280264
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iron, copper and zinc are essential metals for cell metabolism. Plants have evolved different schemes to efficiently mobilize low-solubility nutrients such as metals from their environment and to transport them between organs. In this review we highlight the divergences and convergences of the iron, copper and zinc up...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/bst0300766
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A general strategy is described for the amplified expression, purification and characterization in Escherichia coli of multidrug efflux proteins from Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Methanococcus janaschii and E. coli. They all catalyse drug/H(+) antiport of substrates such as quinolones and ethidium and exe...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We study how mechanical forces integrate spatially and temporally with regulatory signals at the leading edge of migrating cells. To probe the dynamics of this system, we developed quantitative fluorescent speckle microscopy, which maps out actin cytoskeleton transport, assembly and disassembly with high spatial resol...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST20051250
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Similar changes in glycosylation occur in the colonic epithelium in inflammatory conditions such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease and also in colon cancer and precancerous adenomatous polyps. They include reduced length of O-glycans, reduced sulfation, increased sialylation and increased expression of oncofet...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0361482
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactions involving removal and addition of glucose to N-glycans in the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) are performed in higher eukaryotes by glucosidases I and II and the UDP-glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase respectively. Monoglucosylated N-glycan structures have been implicated in glycoprotein folding or ER quali...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0320766
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally taken as an established fact that mitochondrial respiration is associated with the generation of small amounts of ROS (reactive oxygen species). There are many arguments supporting this side activity. A major argument is the particular physico-chemical configuration of dioxygen, which prevents the tran...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0311308
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genes encoding an alpha-oxygenase, in Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis thaliana, have been recently isolated. However, the reaction mechanism of the enzyme has not so far been elucidated. In this study, a cDNA encoding the fatty acid alpha-oxygenase gene in rice plants was isolated. The deduced amino acid sequence sh...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on those enzymes and electron-transfer proteins involved in the catabolism of 'C1' substrates in methylotrophic bacteria have provided a wealth of information concerning the transfer of electrons and hydrogen by quantum tunnelling mechanisms. With regard to H-transfer, studies with MADH have provided the first...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/bst0270767
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post-translational modification (PTM) of histones has been investigated in eukaryotes for years, revealing its widespread occurrence and functional importance. Many PTMs affect chromatin folding and gene activity. Only recently the occurrence of such modifications has been recognized in bacteria. However, it is unclea...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20180488
更新日期:2018-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::SUMOylation of viral proteins is widespread and serves to modify or regulate the properties of those proteins. Papillomaviruses are a large group of small DNA viruses that infect the skin, leading to benign lesions (warts) that in some cases can progress to malignancy. The papillomavirus life cycle is intimately conne...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0351433
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent findings that some 24 inherited diseases and anomalies are caused by defects in proteins of the NE (nuclear envelope) and lamina have resulted in a fundamental reassessment of the functions of the NE and underlying lamina. Instead of just regarding the NE and lamina as a molecular filtering device, regulating t...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0361329
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The backbones of proteins form linear chains. In the case of some proteins, these chains can be characterized as forming linear open knots. The knot type of the full chain reveals only limited information about the entanglement of the chain since, for example, subchains of an unknotted protein can form knots and subch...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST20120329
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homologous recombination is essential for accurate chromosome segregation during meiosis in most sexual organisms. Meiotic recombination is initiated by the formation of DSBs (DNA double-strand breaks) made by the Spo11 protein. We review here recent findings pertaining to protein-protein interactions important for DS...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0340523
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study the network of ATP-consuming and -producing reactions, interacting via the cytosolic ATP/ADP+P(i) system, was studied for the first time in an intact organ, the isolated perfused rat liver, using top-down metabolic-control analysis. Flux control in the metabolically resting state (only oxidative phosphor...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/bst0280109
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::XRCC4 (X-ray cross-complementation group 4) and XLF (XRCC4-like factor) are two essential interacting proteins in the human NHEJ (non-homologous end-joining) pathway that repairs DNA DSBs (double-strand breaks). The individual crystal structures show that the dimeric proteins are homologues with protomers containing h...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0391387
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey of archaeal genomes for the presence of homologues of bacterial and eukaryotic chaperones reveals several interesting features. All archaea contain chaperonins, also known as Hsp60s (where Hsp is heat-shock protein). These are more similar to the type II chaperonins found in the eukaryotic cytosol than to the...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1042/BST0370046
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated serum chemokines for their suitability as markers of atherosclerosis development in apoE (apolipoprotein E)-deficient ((-/-)) mice. Female C3H apoE(-/-) and C57BL apoE(-/-) mice were fed on either diet W (Western diet; 6 weeks) or normal rodent diet (12 weeks). Serum lipids (0, 6 and 12 weeks) and...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/bst0320128
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of mRNAs in eukaryotic cells are translated via a method that is dependent upon the recognition of, and binding to, the methylguanosine cap at the 5' end of the mRNA, by a set of protein factors termed eIFs (eukaryotic initiation factors). However, many of the eIFs involved in this process are modified an...
journal_title:Biochemical Society transactions
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1042/BST0381581
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00