CRISPR-based gene expression control for synthetic gene circuits.

abstract：:The backbones of proteins form linear chains. In the case of some proteins, these chains can be characterized as forming linear open knots. The knot type of the full chain reveals only limited information about the entanglement of the chain since, for example, subchains of an unknotted protein can form knots and subch...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Rawdon EJ,Millett KC,Sułkowska JI,Stasiak A

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human heparan sulphate N-deacetylase/N-sulphotransferase 1 sulphates the NH(3) (+) group of the glucosamine moiety of the heparan chain in heparan sulphate/heparin biosynthesis. An open cleft that runs perpendicular to the sulphate donor 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate may constitute the acceptor substrate-bind...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Kakuta Y,Li L,Pedersen LC,Pedersen LG,Negishi M

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogenase activity in Rhodospirillum rubrum is post-translationally regulated by DRAG (dinitrogenase reductase glycohydrolase) and DRAT (dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosylation transferase). When a sudden increase in fixed nitrogen concentration or energy depletion is sensed by the cells, DRAG is inactivated and DR...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wang H,Norén A

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cruciferous plants, the primary pre-rRNA cleavage site (P site) is immediately downstream of four similar, highly conserved sequences (A(1), A(2), A(3) and B) located within the 5'-ETS (5'-external transcribed spacer). In the present study, we describe the characterization of a plant NF D (nuclear factor D) that bi...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Sáez-Vasquez J,Caparros-Ruiz D,Barneche F,Echeverría M

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown that yeast mutants with defects in the Ada adaptor proteins are defective in hormone-dependent gene activation by ectopically expressed human glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Others have shown that the Ada2 protein is required for physical interactions between some activation domains and TBP (TATA-binding p...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wallberg AE,Flinn EM,Gustafsson JA,Wright AP

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic experiments have indicated that succinoglycan (EPS I), the acidic Calcofluor-binding exopolysaccharide, of the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhizobium meliloti strain Rm1021 is required for nodule invasion and possibly for later events in nodule development on alfalfa and other hosts. Fourteen exo loci on the seco...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Reuber TL,Reed J,Glazebrook J,Glucksmann MA,Ahmann D,Marra A,Walker GC

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MUPs (major urinary proteins) play an important role in chemical signalling in rodents and possibly other animals. In the house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) MUPs in urine and other bodily fluids trigger a range of behavioural responses that are only partially understood. There are at least 21 Mup genes in the C57BL...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Phelan MM,McLean L,Hurst JL,Beynon RJ,Lian LY

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The production of dihydrogen by Escherichia coli and other members of the Enterobacteriaceae is one of the classic features of mixed-acid fermentation. Synthesis of the multicomponent, membrane-associated FHL (formate hydrogenlyase) enzyme complex, which disproportionates formate into CO(2) and H(2), has an absolute r...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Sawers RG

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mice devoid of the original uncoupling protein UCP1 have provided opportunities to delineate UCP1 function in a series of biochemical and physiological contexts. The isolated brown-fat mitochondria from such mice are fully coupled (without the addition of GDP), but still exhibit a depressed capacity for ATP synthesis....

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Nedergaard J,Golozoubova V,Matthias A,Shabalina I,Ohba K,Ohlson K,Jacobsson A,Cannon B

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The continuous battle for survival in the environment has led to the development or acquisition of sophisticated defence systems in bacteria. These defence systems have contributed to the survival of the bacterial species in the environment for millions of years. Some systems appear to have evolved in a number of path...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Louwen R,van Baarlen P

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glycation is one of the important reactions regulating physiological state, and glycative stress, namely an overwhelming and unfavourable glycation state, is established as a pathological factor. Glycative stress is closely associated with not only various kidney diseases, but also kidney aging. Accumulating evidence,...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Inagi R

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors) are a large family of structurally related proteins, which mediate their effects by coupling with G-proteins. Despite responding to a range of very diverse stimuli, these receptors exhibit a conserved tertiary structure comprising a bundle of seven TM (transmembrane) helices linked ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lawson Z,Wheatley M

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 26S proteasome is a non-lysosomal protease in the cytosol and nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Its main function is to mediate ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. The 26S proteasome is a multimeric complex composed by the 20S proteasome CP (core particle) and the 19S RPs (regulatory particles). Although the atomic struct...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Matias AC,Ramos PC,Dohmen RJ

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) is a member of the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) family that regulates a range of biological processes implicated in tumorigenesis and neurodegenerative disorders. For example, genetic studies have demonstrated that the removal of specific Jnk genes can reduce neuronal death ass...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Davies C,Tournier C

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine protein kinases share structural homology, while exhibiting substantial functional diversity. PKC isoforms are ubiquitously expressed in tissues which makes it difficult to define roles for individual isoforms, with complexity compounded by the finding that PKC iso...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Tarafdar A,Michie AM

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PilZ domain-containing proteins constitute a large family of bacterial signaling proteins. As a widely distributed protein domain for the binding of the second messenger c-di-GMP, the canonical PilZ domain contains a set of motifs that define the binding site for c-di-GMP and an allosteric switch for propagating local...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cheang QW,Xin L,Chea RYF,Liang ZX

更新日期：2019-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Homo-oligomeric protein complexes are functionally vital and highly abundant in living cells. In the present article, we review our current understanding of their geometry and evolution, including aspects of the symmetry of these complexes and their interaction interfaces. Also, we briefly discuss the pathway of their...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Venkatakrishnan AJ,Levy ED,Teichmann SA

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipoprotein oxidation is thought to play a pivotal role in the evolution of atherosclerosis. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is the main source of oxidized lipid in the arterial wall. Oxidation of LDL alters its properties in a number of ways, making it more atherogenic, but oxidation of other lipoprotein classes may al...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Young IS,McFarlane C,McEneny J

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex biological machines arise from self-assembly on the basis of structural features programmed into sequence-specific macromolecules (i.e. polypeptides and polynucleotides) at the molecular level. As a consequence of the near-absolute control of macromolecular architecture that results from such sequence specific...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Dublin S,Zimenkov Y,Conticello VP

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas we have a profound understanding about the function and biogenesis of the protein constituents in the lumen of the lysosomal compartment, much less is known about the functions of proteins of the lysosomal membrane. Proteomic analyses of the lysosomal membrane suggest that, apart from the well-known lysosomal ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Saftig P,Schröder B,Blanz J

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glyoxals are reactive alpha-oxoaldehydes that are formed endogenously from sugars, the levels of which are increased in various pathological conditions associated with hyperglycaemia and thiamine deficiency. However, the molecular cytotoxic mechanisms of glyoxal are not known. Results presented here and in the other s...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Shangari N,Bruce WR,Poon R,O'Brien PJ

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Golgi complex (GC) has an essential role in the processing and sorting of proteins and lipids. The GC of mammalian cells is composed of stacks of cisternae connected by membranous tubules to create a continuous network, the Golgi ribbon, whose maintenance requires several core and accessory proteins. Despite this ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Ayala I,Mascanzoni F,Colanzi A

更新日期：2020-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Mass spectrometry (MS) provides an impressive array of information about the structure, function and interactions of proteins. In recent years, many new developments have been in the field of native MS and these exemplify a new coming of age of this field. In this mini review, we connect the latest methodological and ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Allison TM,Bechara C

更新日期：2019-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphorylation by protein kinases is a fundamental mechanism of signal transduction. Many kinase families contain one or several members that, although evolutionarily conserved, lack the residues required for catalytic activity. Studies combining structural, biochemical, and functional approaches revealed that these ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Elías-Villalobos A,Fort P,Helmlinger D

更新日期：2019-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are subcellular regions where the membranes of distinct organelles come into close apposition. These specialized areas of the cell, which are involved in inter-organelle metabolite exchange, are scaffolded by specific complexes. STARD3 [StAR (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein)-relate...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wilhelm LP,Tomasetto C,Alpy F

更新日期：2016-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Luteinizing hormone (LH) interacts with its plasma membrane receptor to activate the formation of cyclic AMP via the regulatory GTP binding protein (Gs). This is followed by a desensitization of that same hormonal response which is caused by an uncoupling of the LH receptor from Gs. The coupling between Gs and the ade...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Cooke BA,Platts EA,Abayasekera DR,Rose MP

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA damage is one of the most acute threats to cellular homeostasis and life. The cell responds to such damage by activating a vast array of responses, ranging from DNA repair to numerous signalling pathways, which temporarily slow down the cellular life cycle while the damage is being repaired. Sophisticated relays c...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Shiloh Y

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Smoking is the main risk factor for COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) but genetic factors are of importance, since only a subset of smokers develops the disease. Sex differences have been suggested both in disease prevalence and response to environmental exposures. Furthermore, it has been shown that acquis...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Svartengren M,Engström G,Anderson M,Hallberg J,Edula G,de Verdier MG,Dahlbäck M,Lindberg CM,Forsman-Semb K,Nihlén U,Fehniger TE

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AS (alternative splicing) and its role in disease, especially cancer, has come to forefront in research over the last few years. Alterations in the ratio of splice variants have been widely observed in cancer. Splice variants of cancer-associated genes have functions that can alter cellular phenotype, ultimately alter...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Hagen RM,Ladomery MR

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PTB (polypyrimidine tract-binding protein) is an abundant and widely expressed RNA-binding protein with four RRM (RNA recognition motif) domains. PTB is involved in numerous post-transcriptional steps in gene expression in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, but has been best characterized as a regulatory repressor of som...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Kafasla P,Mickleburgh I,Llorian M,Coelho M,Gooding C,Cherny D,Joshi A,Kotik-Kogan O,Curry S,Eperon IC,Jackson RJ,Smith CW

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00