Abstract:
:The Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, contains flavonoid glycosides and unique terpene lactones as major active components. In this study, we determined the anti-inflammatory effect of the water-soluble portion (GH415) of the EGb 761 on the inflammation caused by Candida albicans, a major ethiological agent that causes fungal arthritis. For inflammatory induction, an emulsified mixture of C. albicans cell wall and Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CACW/CFA) was injected into BALB/c mice by the hind footpad route once a day for 3 days. Twenty-four hours after the final injection, mice having the swollen footpad were given the GH415 (2 mg/dose) intraperitoneally to the mice once every 3 days for 15 days. The footpad-swelling of these mice was measured during the entire observation period. Results showed that the GH415 treatment reduced the swelling. In the same animal model, this effect was enhanced by treatment with the GH415 entrapped within liposome (Lipo-GH: 200 micro/dose). Further analysis revealed that terpene, not flavone portion, was responsible for such therapeutic anti-inflammatory effect. Treatment with the terpene (7.4 microg/dose) by liposomal delivery method had similar effects as the treatment with indomethacin at 30 microg/dose. Addition of the terpene to lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophages showed suppression of nitric oxide (NO) production. These results suggest that blockage of the NO production from the macrophages that infiltrated to the inflamed site may be a possible mechanism for the therapeutic anti-inflammatory effect.
journal_name
Int Immunopharmacoljournal_title
International immunopharmacologyauthors
Han Ydoi
10.1016/j.intimp.2005.02.002keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-06-01 00:00:00pages
1049-56issue
6eissn
1567-5769issn
1878-1705pii
S1567-5769(05)00044-5journal_volume
5pub_type
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