The genome of Cryptosporidium hominis.

abstract：:The growth and differentiation of cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) is regulated by soluble growth hormones, of which interleukin-2 (IL-2) is considered to be of prime importance. Here we report that the lymphokine B-cell stimulatory factor (BSF-1 or interleukin-4) also has profound effects on the generation of these func...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Widmer MB,Grabstein KH

更新日期：1987-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMDS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, severely impaired speech, intellectual disability, and an increased risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). PMDS is caused by heterozygous deletions of chromosome 22q13.3. Among the genes in the dele...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shcheglovitov A,Shcheglovitova O,Yazawa M,Portmann T,Shu R,Sebastiano V,Krawisz A,Froehlich W,Bernstein JA,Hallmayer JF,Dolmetsch RE

更新日期：2013-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The vertical structure of the recent Arctic warming contains information about the processes governing Arctic climate trends. Graversen et al. argue, on the basis of ERA-40 reanalysis data, that a distinct maximum in 1979-2001 warm-season (April-October) Arctic temperature trends appears around 3 km above ground. Here...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Grant AN,Brönnimann S,Haimberger L

更新日期：2008-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:'Pioneer' transcription factors are required for stem-cell pluripotency, cell differentiation and cell reprogramming1,2. Pioneer factors can bind nucleosomal DNA to enable gene expression from regions of the genome with closed chromatin. SOX2 is a prominent pioneer factor that is essential for pluripotency and self-re...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dodonova SO,Zhu F,Dienemann C,Taipale J,Cramer P

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three interleukin-1 inhibitors have been purified to homogeneity from medium conditioned by human monocytes. Partial sequence analysis and digestion with N-glycanase indicate that these are glycosylation forms of a single protein. The protein binds to the interleukin-1 receptor but has no interleukin-1-like activity, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hannum CH,Wilcox CJ,Arend WP,Joslin FG,Dripps DJ,Heimdal PL,Armes LG,Sommer A,Eisenberg SP,Thompson RC

更新日期：1990-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Humoral immune responses to immunization and infection and susceptibilities to antibody-mediated autoimmunity are generally lower in males1-3. However, the mechanisms underlying such sexual dimorphism are not well understood. Here we show that there are intrinsic differences between the B cells that produce germinal c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhao R,Chen X,Ma W,Zhang J,Guo J,Zhong X,Yao J,Sun J,Rubinfien J,Zhou X,Wang J,Qi H

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trophic control over the expression and membrane distribution of voltage-dependent ion channels is one of the principal organizing events underlying the maturation of excitable cells. The myelin sheath is a major structural determinant of regional ion channel topography in central axons, but the exact molecular signal...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Noebels JL,Marcom PK,Jalilian-Tehrani MH

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seafloor spreading is largely unobserved because 98 per cent of the global mid-ocean-ridge system is below the ocean surface. Our understanding of the dynamic processes that control seafloor spreading is thus inferred largely from geophysical observations of spreading events on land at Afar in East Africa and Iceland....

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tan YJ,Tolstoy M,Waldhauser F,Wilcock WS

更新日期：2016-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Eukaryotic structural gene mutations occurring spontaneously in a mouse myeloma cell line offer the opportunity to study somatic mutation in animal cells at the molecular level. Studies on the myeloma protein and on mRNA have enabled us to characterise four such mutants representing four different mutation mechanisms....

journal_title：Nature

authors： Adetugbo K,Milstein C,Secher DS

更新日期：1977-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin of tetrapods from their fish antecedents, approximately 400 million years ago, was coupled with the origin of terrestrial locomotion and the evolution of supporting limbs. Polypterus is a member of the basal-most group of ray-finned fish (actinopterygians) and has many plesiomorphic morphologies that are co...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Standen EM,Du TY,Larsson HC

更新日期：2014-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical development of an inhibitor of cellular proteasome function suggests that compounds targeting other components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system might prove useful for the treatment of human malignancies. NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) is an essential component of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway that contro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Soucy TA,Smith PG,Milhollen MA,Berger AJ,Gavin JM,Adhikari S,Brownell JE,Burke KE,Cardin DP,Critchley S,Cullis CA,Doucette A,Garnsey JJ,Gaulin JL,Gershman RE,Lublinsky AR,McDonald A,Mizutani H,Narayanan U,Olhava EJ

更新日期：2009-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Water has many kinetic and thermodynamic properties that exhibit an anomalous dependence on temperature, in particular in the supercooled phase. These anomalies have long been interpreted in terms of underlying structural causes, and their experimental characterization points to the existence of a singularity at a tem...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Torre R,Bartolini P,Righini R

更新日期：2004-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:We have postulated that an excitatory postsynaptic potential (e.p.s.p.) may open voltage-sensitive K+ ('M') channels, in an appropriate depolarizing range, and that this could alter the e.p.s.p. waveform. Consequently, the fast e.p.s.p. in neurones of sympathetic ganglia, elicited by a nicotinic action of acetylcholin...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tosaka T,Tasaka J,Miyazaki T,Libet B

更新日期：1983-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:A large number of high-accuracy vector measurements of the Earth's magnetic field have recently become available from the satellite Oersted, complementing previous vector data from the satellite Magsat, which operated in 1979/80. These data can be used to infer the morphology of the magnetic field at the surface of th...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jackson A

更新日期：2003-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Achieving site selectivity in carbon-hydrogen (C-H) functionalization reactions is a long-standing challenge in organic chemistry. The small differences in intrinsic reactivity of C-H bonds in any given organic molecule can lead to the activation of undesired C-H bonds by a non-selective catalyst. One solution to this...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tang RY,Li G,Yu JQ

更新日期：2014-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries from pre-existing vessels, is essential for tumour progression. Angiostatin, a proteolytic fragment of plasminogen that was first isolated from the serum and urine of tumour-bearing mice, inhibits angiogenesis and thereby growth of primary and metastatic tumours. Radiothe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mauceri HJ,Hanna NN,Beckett MA,Gorski DH,Staba MJ,Stellato KA,Bigelow K,Heimann R,Gately S,Dhanabal M,Soff GA,Sukhatme VP,Kufe DW,Weichselbaum RR

更新日期：1998-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Chemokines are small secreted proteins that stimulate the directional migration of leukocytes and mediate inflammation. During screening of a murine choroid plexus complementary DNA library, we identified a new chemokine, designated neurotactin. Unlike other chemokines, neurotactin has a unique cysteine pattern, Cys-X...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pan Y,Lloyd C,Zhou H,Dolich S,Deeds J,Gonzalo JA,Vath J,Gosselin M,Ma J,Dussault B,Woolf E,Alperin G,Culpepper J,Gutierrez-Ramos JC,Gearing D

更新日期：1997-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells subjected to a heat shock, or a variety of other stresses increase the synthesis of a set of proteins, known as heat shock proteins. This response is apparently universal, occurring in the entire range from bacterial to mammalian cells. In Escherichia coli heat shock protein synthesis transiently increases follo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Straus DB,Walter WA,Gross CA

更新日期：1987-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammal-like reptiles of the order Therapsida document the emergence of mammals from more primitive synapsids and are of unique zoological and palaeontological interest on that account. Therapsids, first appearing in the Early Permian, were thought to become extinct in the Middle Jurassic, soon after the Late Triassic ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fox RC,Youzwyshyn GP,Krause DW

更新日期：1992-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Courtship rituals serve to reinforce reproductive barriers between closely related species. Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans exhibit reproductive isolation, owing in part to the fact that D. melanogaster females produce 7,11-heptacosadiene, a pheromone that promotes courtship in D. melanogaster males bu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Seeholzer LF,Seppo M,Stern DL,Ruta V

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Parkinson's disease, brain dopamine neurons degenerate most prominently in the substantia nigra. Neurotrophic factors promote survival, differentiation and maintenance of neurons in developing and adult vertebrate nervous system. The most potent neurotrophic factor for dopamine neurons described so far is the glial...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lindholm P,Voutilainen MH,Laurén J,Peränen J,Leppänen VM,Andressoo JO,Lindahl M,Janhunen S,Kalkkinen N,Timmusk T,Tuominen RK,Saarma M

更新日期：2007-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Brood parasitism, where a brood of the parasitic species is fostered by the parents of another species, is well known among birds. In most cases, such offspring show a complete reliance upon their host parents for food, protection and warmth until their independence. In other vertebrate groups, however, such total dep...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sato T

更新日期：1986-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Speciation in many animal taxa is catalysed by the evolutionary diversification of mating signals. According to classical theories of speciation, mating signals diversify, in part, as an incidental byproduct of adaptation by natural selection to divergent ecologies, although empirical evidence in support of this hypot...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Podos J

更新日期：2001-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:A recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) vector-based vaccine for HIV-1 has recently failed in a phase 2b efficacy study in humans. Consistent with these results, preclinical studies have demonstrated that rAd5 vectors expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag failed to reduce peak or setpoint viral loads a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu J,O'Brien KL,Lynch DM,Simmons NL,La Porte A,Riggs AM,Abbink P,Coffey RT,Grandpre LE,Seaman MS,Landucci G,Forthal DN,Montefiori DC,Carville A,Mansfield KG,Havenga MJ,Pau MG,Goudsmit J,Barouch DH

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tectal polarity for retinal connections remains reversible long after the anatomical pattern of neural structures has been determined. Cells in the diencephalon seem to control this polarity. Following certain embryonic operations, the diencephalon developed behind the tectum. In such cases, the polarity of the retino...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chung SH,Cooke J

更新日期：1975-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Haematopoiesis, the process of mature blood and immune cell production, is functionally organized as a hierarchy, with self-renewing haematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitor cells sitting at the very top. Multiple models have been proposed as to what the earliest lineage choices are in these primitive haem...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rodriguez-Fraticelli AE,Wolock SL,Weinreb CS,Panero R,Patel SH,Jankovic M,Sun J,Calogero RA,Klein AM,Camargo FD

更新日期：2018-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ainsworth C

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The engrailed gene product of Drosophila specifies the fate of a subset of cells in each segment. Our studies of engrailed regulation suggest that fate determination is an elaborate, multistep process. At the time in embryogenesis when the engrailed-dependent cell fate is probably determined, four modes of control act...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Heemskerk J,DiNardo S,Kostriken R,O'Farrell PH

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although there are substantial differences between the magnetospheres of Jupiter and Saturn, it has been suggested that cryovolcanic activity at Enceladus could lead to electrodynamic coupling between Enceladus and Saturn like that which links Jupiter with Io, Europa and Ganymede. Powerful field-aligned electron beams...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pryor WR,Rymer AM,Mitchell DG,Hill TW,Young DT,Saur J,Jones GH,Jacobsen S,Cowley SW,Mauk BH,Coates AJ,Gustin J,Grodent D,Gérard JC,Lamy L,Nichols JD,Krimigis SM,Esposito LW,Dougherty MK,Jouchoux AJ,Stewart AI,Mc

更新日期：2011-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Foreign protein antigens must be broken down within endosomes or lysosomes to generate suitable peptides that will form complexes with class II major histocompatibility complex molecules for presentation to T cells. However, it is not known which proteases are required for antigen processing. To investigate this, we e...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Manoury B,Hewitt EW,Morrice N,Dando PM,Barrett AJ,Watts C

更新日期：1998-12-17 00:00:00