Abstract:
:The dominant forcing factors for past large-scale changes in vegetation are widely debated. Changes in the distribution of C4 plants--adapted to warm, dry conditions and low atmospheric CO2 concentrations--have been attributed to marked changes in environmental conditions, but the relative impacts of changes in aridity, temperature and CO2 concentration are not well understood. Here, we present a record of African C4 plant abundance between 1.2 and 0.45 million years ago, derived from compound-specific carbon isotope analyses of wind-transported terrigenous plant waxes. We find that large-scale changes in African vegetation are linked closely to sea surface temperatures in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. We conclude that, in the mid-Pleistocene, changes in atmospheric moisture content--driven by tropical sea surface temperature changes and the strength of the African monsoon--controlled aridity on the African continent, and hence large-scale vegetation changes.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Schefuss E,Schouten S,Jansen JH,Sinninghe Damsté JSdoi
10.1038/nature01500keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-03-27 00:00:00pages
418-21issue
6930eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature01500journal_volume
422pub_type
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