Warnock's law.

abstract：:Although individuals age and die with time, an animal species can continue indefinitely, because of its immortal germ-cell lineage. How the germline avoids transmitting damage from one generation to the next remains a fundamental question in biology. Here we identify a lysosomal switch that enhances germline proteosta...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bohnert KA,Kenyon C

更新日期：2017-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual recognition of three-dimensional (3-D) objects on the basis of their shape poses at least two difficult problems. First, there is the problem of variable illumination, which can be addressed by working with relatively stable features such as intensity edges rather than the raw intensity images. Second, ther...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Poggio T,Edelman S

更新日期：1990-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The folding of newly synthesized proteins to the native state is a major challenge within the crowded cellular environment, as non-productive interactions can lead to misfolding, aggregation and degradation1. Cells cope with this challenge by coupling synthesis with polypeptide folding and by using molecular chaperone...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shiber A,Döring K,Friedrich U,Klann K,Merker D,Zedan M,Tippmann F,Kramer G,Bukau B

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer contributes to an increase in terrestrial solar ultraviolet-B radiation. This has deleterious effects on living organisms, such as DNA damage. When exposed to elevated ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B; 280-315 nm), plants display a wide variety of physiological and mor...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ries G,Heller W,Puchta H,Sandermann H,Seidlitz HK,Hohn B

更新日期：2000-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The most severe excursions in the Earth's climatic history are thought to be associated with Proterozoic glaciations. According to the 'Snowball Earth' hypothesis, the Marinoan glaciation, which ended about 635 million years ago, involved global or nearly global ice cover. At the termination of this glacial period, ra...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Allen PA,Hoffman PF

更新日期：2005-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteolysis is essential for the execution of many cellular functions. These include removal of incorrectly folded or damaged proteins, the activation of transcription factors, the ordered degradation of proteins involved in cell cycle control, and the generation of peptides destined for presentation by class I molecu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Glas R,Bogyo M,McMaster JS,Gaczynska M,Ploegh HL

更新日期：1998-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The ras-related low-molecular-mass GTPases participate in signal transduction involving a variety of cellular functions, including cell-cycle progression, cellular differentiation, cytoskeletal organization, protein transport and secretion. The cycling of these proteins between GTP-bound and GDP-bound states is partia...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Settleman J,Albright CF,Foster LC,Weinberg RA

更新日期：1992-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tall AR,Jelic S

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alternative splicing of pre-messenger RNAs diversifies gene products in eukaryotes and is guided by factors that enable spliceosomes to recognize particular splice sites. Here we report that alternative splicing of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SRC1 pre-mRNA is promoted by the conserved ubiquitin-like protein Hub1. Structu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mishra SK,Ammon T,Popowicz GM,Krajewski M,Nagel RJ,Ares M Jr,Holak TA,Jentsch S

更新日期：2011-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2001 the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projected the contribution to sea level rise from the Greenland ice sheet to be between -0.02 and +0.09 m from 1990 to 2100 (ref. 1). However, recent work has suggested that the ice sheet responds more quickly to climate perturbations than previously thought, parti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Velicogna I,Wahr J

更新日期：2006-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Group selection may be defined as selection caused by the differential extinction or proliferation of groups. The socially polymorphic spider Anelosimus studiosus exhibits a behavioural polymorphism in which females exhibit either a 'docile' or 'aggressive' behavioural phenotype. Natural colonies are composed of a mix...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pruitt JN,Goodnight CJ

更新日期：2014-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural composite materials are renowned for their mechanical strength and toughness: despite being highly mineralized, with the organic component constituting not more than a few per cent of the composite material, the fracture toughness exceeds that of single crystals of the pure mineral by two to three orders of ma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kamat S,Su X,Ballarini R,Heuer AH

更新日期：2000-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The reversal or displacement of the retinal image by prism spectacles leads to extreme disruption of visually guided behaviour, but after an extended period of visual transformation normal behaviour is gradually restored. It is unclear whether this adaptation involves a change in visual perception, the learning of new...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sugita Y

更新日期：1996-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:P2Y receptors (P2YRs), a family of purinergic G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), are activated by extracellular nucleotides. There are a total of eight distinct functional P2YRs expressed in human, which are subdivided into P2Y1-like receptors and P2Y12-like receptors. Their ligands are generally charged molecules w...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang K,Zhang J,Gao ZG,Zhang D,Zhu L,Han GW,Moss SM,Paoletta S,Kiselev E,Lu W,Fenalti G,Zhang W,Müller CE,Yang H,Jiang H,Cherezov V,Katritch V,Jacobson KA,Stevens RC,Wu B,Zhao Q

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:TMV RNA is not an efficient template for translation of the viral coat protein, in spite of containing nucleotide sequences coding for the protein. Efficient translation requires the prior synthesis within infected cells of a smaller RNA carrying only a portion of the information encoded in the whole genome. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hunter TR,Hunt T,Knowland J,Zimmern D

更新日期：1976-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The assembly of ribosomes in bacterial cells is a complex process that remains poorly characterized. The in vitro assembly of active ribosomal subunits from purified RNA and protein components indicates that all of the information for proper assembly resides in the primary sequences of these macromolecules. On the oth...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nishi K,Morel-Deville F,Hershey JW,Leighton T,Schnier J

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA sequences containing the 5'-flanking regions of the insulin and chymotrypsin genes were linked to the coding sequence of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. The insulin gene recombinant elicits preferential expression of CAT activity when introduced into cells producing insulin; similarly, the chymot...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Walker MD,Edlund T,Boulet AM,Rutter WJ

更新日期：1983-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Complexity in male sexual displays is widely appreciated but diversity in female mate choice has received little attention. Males of many species have sexual displays composed of multiple display traits, and females are thought to use these different traits in mate choice. Models of multiple display trait evolution su...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Coleman SW,Patricelli GL,Borgia G

更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The methylation of vertebrate DNA at the 5-position of approximately 3-10% of its cytosine residues occurs in a sequence-specific and tissue-specific manner and has been implicated in the control of transcription. How these differences are established and how they mediate the initiation or maintenance of transcription...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Huang LH,Wang R,Gama-Sosa MA,Shenoy S,Ehrlich M

更新日期：1984-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Fireflies communicate with each other by emitting yellow-green to yellow-orange brilliant light. The bioluminescence reaction, which uses luciferin, Mg-ATP and molecular oxygen to yield an electronically excited oxyluciferin species, is carried out by the enzyme luciferase. Visible light is emitted during relaxation o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Nakatsu T,Ichiyama S,Hiratake J,Saldanha A,Kobashi N,Sakata K,Kato H

更新日期：2006-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Emerging infectious diseases present a formidable challenge to the conservation of native species in the twenty-first century. Diseases caused by introduced pathogens have had large impacts on species abundances, including the American chestnut, Hawaiian bird species and many amphibians. Changes in host population siz...

journal_title：Nature

authors： LaDeau SL,Kilpatrick AM,Marra PP

更新日期：2007-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Recurring outbursts associated with matter flowing onto compact stellar remnants (such as black holes, neutron stars and white dwarfs) in close binary systems provide a way of constraining the poorly understood accretion process. The light curves of these outbursts are shaped by the efficiency of angular-momentum (and...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tetarenko BE,Lasota JP,Heinke CO,Dubus G,Sivakoff GR

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The establishment and maintenance of epigenetic gene silencing is fundamental to cell determination and function. The essential epigenetic systems involved in heritable repression of gene activity are the Polycomb group (PcG) proteins and the DNA methylation systems. Here we show that the corresponding silencing pathw...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Viré E,Brenner C,Deplus R,Blanchon L,Fraga M,Didelot C,Morey L,Van Eynde A,Bernard D,Vanderwinden JM,Bollen M,Esteller M,Di Croce L,de Launoit Y,Fuks F

更新日期：2006-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Activity-dependent change in the efficacy of transmission is a basic feature of many excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. The best understood postsynaptic modification involves a change in responsiveness of AMPAR (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor)-mediated currents follo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu SQ,Cull-Candy SG

更新日期：2000-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The T-cell immune response is directed against antigenic peptide fragments generated in intracellular compartments, the cytosol or the endocytic system. Peptides derived from cytosolic proteins, usually of biosynthetic origin, are presented efficiently to T-cell receptors by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) clas...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Deverson EV,Gow IR,Coadwell WJ,Monaco JJ,Butcher GW,Howard JC

更新日期：1990-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantum superposition lies at the heart of quantum mechanics and gives rise to many of its paradoxes. Superposition of de Broglie matter waves' has been observed for massive particles such as electrons, atoms and dimers, small van der Waals clusters, and neutrons. But matter wave interferometry with larger objects has...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Arndt M,Nairz O,Vos-Andreae J,Keller C,van der Zouw G,Zeilinger A

更新日期：1999-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The type I interferon response protects cells against invading viral pathogens. The cellular factors that mediate this defence are the products of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Although hundreds of ISGs have been identified since their discovery more than 25 years ago, only a few have been characterized with res...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schoggins JW,Wilson SJ,Panis M,Murphy MY,Jones CT,Bieniasz P,Rice CM

更新日期：2011-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:During puberty, the mouse mammary gland develops into a highly branched epithelial network. Owing to the absence of exclusive stem cell markers, the location, multiplicity, dynamics and fate of mammary stem cells (MaSCs), which drive branching morphogenesis, are unknown. Here we show that morphogenesis is driven by pr...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Scheele CL,Hannezo E,Muraro MJ,Zomer A,Langedijk NS,van Oudenaarden A,Simons BD,van Rheenen J

更新日期：2017-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:On infection of their host, temperate viruses that infect bacteria (bacteriophages; hereafter referred to as phages) enter either a lytic or a lysogenic cycle. The former results in lysis of bacterial cells and phage release (resulting in horizontal transmission), whereas lysogeny is characterized by the integration o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rollie C,Chevallereau A,Watson BNJ,Chyou TY,Fradet O,McLeod I,Fineran PC,Brown CM,Gandon S,Westra ER

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroid hormones and retinoic acid function through nuclear receptors that belong to the steroid/thyroid-hormone receptor superfamily. Thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) and retinoic acid receptors (RARs) require auxiliary nuclear proteins for efficient DNA binding. Here we report that retinoid X receptors RXR alpha is o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zhang XK,Hoffmann B,Tran PB,Graupner G,Pfahl M

更新日期：1992-01-30 00:00:00