Site-specific group selection drives locally adapted group compositions.

abstract：:Sudden cardiac death is the leading cause of death in the industrialized world, with the majority of such tragedies being due to ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation is a frenzied and irregular disturbance of the heart rhythm that quickly renders the heart incapable of sustaining life. Rotors, electrophy...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Witkowski FX,Leon LJ,Penkoske PA,Giles WR,Spano ML,Ditto WL,Winfree AT

更新日期：1998-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Vertebrate limb formation is an evolutionarily conserved process programmed by an array of morphogenetic genes. As a result of transgene insertion, we previously identified a mutation at the mouse limb deformity (ld) locus that disrupts embryonic pattern formation, resulting in a reduction and fusion of the distal bon...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Woychik RP,Maas RL,Zeller R,Vogt TF,Leder P

更新日期：1990-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Abiraterone blocks androgen synthesis and prolongs survival in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, which is otherwise driven by intratumoral androgen synthesis. Abiraterone is metabolized in patients to Δ(4)-abiraterone (D4A), which has even greater anti-tumour activity and is structurally similar to e...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Li Z,Alyamani M,Li J,Rogacki K,Abazeed M,Upadhyay SK,Balk SP,Taplin ME,Auchus RJ,Sharifi N

更新日期：2016-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous approximately 22-nucleotide RNAs that mediate important gene-regulatory events by pairing to the mRNAs of protein-coding genes to direct their repression. Repression of these regulatory targets leads to decreased translational efficiency and/or decreased mRNA levels, but the relative ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Guo H,Ingolia NT,Weissman JS,Bartel DP

更新日期：2010-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease is the world's most common dementing illness. Deposition of amyloid-β peptide drives cerebral neuroinflammation by activating microglia. Indeed, amyloid-β activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia is fundamental for interleukin-1β maturation and subsequent inflammatory events. However, it r...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Heneka MT,Kummer MP,Stutz A,Delekate A,Schwartz S,Vieira-Saecker A,Griep A,Axt D,Remus A,Tzeng TC,Gelpi E,Halle A,Korte M,Latz E,Golenbock DT

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The primary action of a family of mitogens including bombesin, bradykinin, vasopressin and alpha-thrombin is to activate the hydrolysis of polyphosphoinositides. Hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) by phospholipase C is mediated through coupling of surface receptors to a GTP-binding pro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chambard JC,Paris S,L'Allemain G,Pouysségur J

更新日期：1987-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fanconi anaemia (FA) pathway repairs DNA damage caused by endogenous and chemotherapy-induced DNA crosslinks, and responds to replication stress1,2. Genetic inactivation of this pathway by mutation of genes encoding FA complementation group (FANC) proteins impairs development, prevents blood production and promote...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shakeel S,Rajendra E,Alcón P,O'Reilly F,Chorev DS,Maslen S,Degliesposti G,Russo CJ,He S,Hill CH,Skehel JM,Scheres SHW,Patel KJ,Rappsilber J,Robinson CV,Passmore LA

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium-triggered fusion of synaptic vesicles and neurotransmitter release are fundamental signalling steps in the central nervous system. It is generally assumed that fast transmitter release is triggered by elevations in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) to at least 100 microM near the sites of vesicle f...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Schneggenburger R,Neher E

更新日期：2000-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:TMV RNA is not an efficient template for translation of the viral coat protein, in spite of containing nucleotide sequences coding for the protein. Efficient translation requires the prior synthesis within infected cells of a smaller RNA carrying only a portion of the information encoded in the whole genome. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hunter TR,Hunt T,Knowland J,Zimmern D

更新日期：1976-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Precipitation and atmospheric circulation are the coupled processes through which tropical ocean surface temperatures drive global weather and climate1-5. Local sea surface warming tends to increase precipitation, but this local control is difficult to disentangle from remote effects of conditions elsewhere. As an exa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Good P,Chadwick R,Holloway CE,Kennedy J,Lowe JA,Roehrig R,Rushley SS

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-energy cosmic-ray electrons and positrons (CREs), which lose energy quickly during their propagation, provide a probe of Galactic high-energy processes and may enable the observation of phenomena such as dark-matter particle annihilation or decay. The CRE spectrum has been measured directly up to approximately 2 ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： DAMPE Collaboration.

更新日期：2017-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies were raised against antibodies to distinct carboxy-terminal KDEL sequences of two soluble, resident endoplasmic reticulum proteins. These anti-idiotype reagents recognize an intrinsic membrane protein with characteristics expected of a receptor responsible for the recognition and return of reside...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vaux D,Tooze J,Fuller S

更新日期：1990-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Farming was first introduced to Europe in the mid-seventh millennium bc, and was associated with migrants from Anatolia who settled in the southeast before spreading throughout Europe. Here, to understand the dynamics of this process, we analysed genome-wide ancient DNA data from 225 individuals who lived in southeast...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mathieson I,Alpaslan-Roodenberg S,Posth C,Szécsényi-Nagy A,Rohland N,Mallick S,Olalde I,Broomandkhoshbacht N,Candilio F,Cheronet O,Fernandes D,Ferry M,Gamarra B,Fortes GG,Haak W,Harney E,Jones E,Keating D,Krause-Kyora

更新日期：2018-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Serious, and occasionally fatal, anaphylactic-like (anaphylactoid) reactions may occur when a patient is exposed to a drug for the first time. Apart from the penicillins, nothing is known of the nature of antigenic or sensitizing drug determinants and, as yet, there is no evidence for the involvement of IgE antibodies...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Baldo BA,Fisher MM

更新日期：1983-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The three-dimensional structure of the 66-amino acid cro repressor protein of bacteriophage lambda suggests how it binds to its operator DNA. We propose that a dimer of cro protein is bound to the B-form of DNA with the 2-fold axis of the dimer coincident with the 2-fold axis of DNA. A pair of 2-fold-related alpha-hel...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Anderson WF,Ohlendorf DH,Takeda Y,Matthews BW

更新日期：1981-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Post-transcriptional gene regulation frequently occurs through elements in mRNA 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). Although crucial roles for 3'UTR-mediated gene regulation have been found in Caenorhabditis elegans, most C. elegans genes have lacked annotated 3'UTRs. Here we describe a high-throughput method for reliable...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jan CH,Friedman RC,Ruby JG,Bartel DP

更新日期：2011-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:In the chick embryo, left-right asymmetric patterns of gene expression in the lateral plate mesoderm are initiated by signals located in and around Hensen's node. Here we show that Caronte (Car), a secreted protein encoded by a member of the Cerberus/Dan gene family, mediates the Sonic hedgehog (Shh)-dependent inducti...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rodríguez Esteban C,Capdevila J,Economides AN,Pascual J,Ortiz A,Izpisúa Belmonte JC

更新日期：1999-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The 20S cyclosome complex (also known as the anaphase-promoting complex) has ubiquitin ligase activity and is required for mitotic cyclin destruction and sister chromatid separation. The formation and activation of the 20S cyclosome complex is regulated by an unknown mechanism. Here we show that Cut4 (ref. 6) is an es...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yamashita YM,Nakaseko Y,Samejima I,Kumada K,Yamada H,Michaelson D,Yanagida M

更新日期：1996-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:How environmental cues regulate adult stem cell and cancer cell activity through surface receptors is poorly understood. Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs), a family of seven secreted glycoproteins, are known to support the activity of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vitro and in vivo. ANGPTLs also have importan...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zheng J,Umikawa M,Cui C,Li J,Chen X,Zhang C,Huynh H,Kang X,Silvany R,Wan X,Ye J,Cantó AP,Chen SH,Wang HY,Ward ES,Zhang CC

更新日期：2012-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of planarian regeneration may help us to understand how we can rebuild organs and tissues after injury, disease or ageing. The robust regenerative abilities of planarians are based upon a population of totipotent stem cells (neoblasts), and among the organs regenerated by these animals is a well-organized ce...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cebrià F,Kobayashi C,Umesono Y,Nakazawa M,Mineta K,Ikeo K,Gojobori T,Itoh M,Taira M,Sánchez Alvarado A,Agata K

更新日期：2002-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ancient asexually reproducing organisms that form symbioses with the majority of plant species, improving plant nutrition and promoting plant diversity. Little is known about the evolution or organization of the genomes of any eukaryotic symbiont or ancient asexual organism. Dire...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Hijri M,Sanders IR

更新日期：2005-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The Notch genes encode single-pass transmembrane receptors that transduce the extracellular signals responsible for cell fate determination during several steps of metazoan development. The mechanism by which extracellular signals affect gene transcription and ultimately cell fate decisions is beginning to emerge for ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Huppert SS,Le A,Schroeter EH,Mumm JS,Saxena MT,Milner LA,Kopan R

更新日期：2000-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:During wild-type development, a protein product of the Caenorhabditis elegans heterochronic gene lin-14 is localized to nuclei of specific somatic cells in embryos and early larvae, but is absent in late larvae and adult soma. Gain-of-function lin-14 mutations cause the level of lin-14 protein to remain high throughou...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ruvkun G,Giusto J

更新日期：1989-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:A single base-pair mutation (beta s) in codon 6 of the human beta-globin gene, causing a single amino-acid substitution, is the cause of sickle cell anaemia. The mutant haemoglobin molecule, HbS, polymerizes when deoxygenated and causes deformation of the erythrocytes to a characteristic 'sickled' shape. Sickling of c...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Greaves DR,Fraser P,Vidal MA,Hedges MJ,Ropers D,Luzzatto L,Grosveld F

更新日期：1990-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the capacity of natural populations to adapt to their local environment is a central topic in evolutionary biology. Phenotypic differences between populations may have a genetic basis, but showing that they reflect different adaptive optima requires the quantification of both gene flow and selection. Goo...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Postma E,van Noordwijk AJ

更新日期：2005-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The first event in the initiation of an immune response is the capture and presentation of antigen to T cells. Such presentation involves two distinct steps: (1) display of the antigen, which requires uptake, processing and re-expression of the antigen in association with MHC molecules on the presenting cell surface; ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lassila O,Vainio O,Matzinger P

更新日期：1988-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Pairs of asteroids sharing similar heliocentric orbits, but not bound together, were found recently. Backward integrations of their orbits indicated that they separated gently with low relative velocities, but did not provide additional insight into their formation mechanism. A previously hypothesized rotational fissi...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Pravec P,Vokrouhlický D,Polishook D,Scheeres DJ,Harris AW,Galád A,Vaduvescu O,Pozo F,Barr A,Longa P,Vachier F,Colas F,Pray DP,Pollock J,Reichart D,Ivarsen K,Haislip J,Lacluyze A,Kusnirák P,Henych T,Marchis F,Mac

更新日期：2010-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:By means of in vivo selection, transcriptomic analysis, functional verification and clinical validation, here we identify a set of genes that marks and mediates breast cancer metastasis to the lungs. Some of these genes serve dual functions, providing growth advantages both in the primary tumour and in the lung microe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Minn AJ,Gupta GP,Siegel PM,Bos PD,Shu W,Giri DD,Viale A,Olshen AB,Gerald WL,Massagué J

更新日期：2005-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition and removal of apoptotic cells by professional phagocytes, including dendritic cells and macrophages, preserves immune self-tolerance and prevents chronic inflammation and autoimmune pathologies. The diverse array of phagocytes that reside within different tissues, combined with the necessarily prompt natu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cummings RJ,Barbet G,Bongers G,Hartmann BM,Gettler K,Muniz L,Furtado GC,Cho J,Lira SA,Blander JM

更新日期：2016-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:A fundamental tenet of cerebellar learning theories asserts that climbing fibre afferents from the inferior olive provide a teaching signal that promotes the gradual adaptation of movements. Data from several forms of motor learning provide support for this tenet. In pavlovian eyelid conditioning, for example, where a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Medina JF,Nores WL,Mauk MD

更新日期：2002-03-21 00:00:00