A gene knockout corroborates the integral function of cellular retinol-binding protein in retinoid metabolism.

abstract：:A large number of biologically active components have been found in human milk (HM), and in both human and animal models, studies have provided some evidence suggesting that HM composition can be altered by maternal exposures, subsequently influencing health outcomes for the breastfed child. Evidence varies from the r...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Boix-Amorós A,Collado MC,Van't Land B,Calvert A,Le Doare K,Garssen J,Hanna H,Khaleva E,Peroni DG,Geddes DT,Kozyrskyj AL,Warner JO,Munblit D

更新日期：2019-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Iron is essential for oxygen transport, oxidative metabolism, and cellular growth. Interactions between iron and other dietary factors play a significant role in determining the adequacy of iron nutrition and have important implications for food fortification in developing countries. Vitamin A and vitamin C deficiency...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Lynch SR

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fortified blended foods (FBFs) were introduced into the Food for Peace program (also known as US Public Law 480) in the 1960s. Minimal changes have since been made to their formulations. A Food Aid Quality Enhancement Project to assess the nutritional adequacy of FBFs for vulnerable populations was conducted, and the ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Fleige LE,Moore WR,Garlick PJ,Murphy SP,Turner EH,Dunn ML,van Lengerich B,Orthoefer FT,Schaefer SE

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Megaloblastic anemia may well not be the only consequence of folic acid deficiency in pregnancy. An association has been noted between other maternal and fetal hazards and folate deficiency. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1968-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All-trans and 13-cis-retinoic acids are normal constituents of human blood. Blood levels of both compounds increase upon oral ingestion of all-trans-retinyl palmitate, to a greater extent with higher amounts of ingested retinyl palmitate. These data suggest a mechanism whereby levels of dietary vitamin A could influen...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present a case of an African-American child with vitamin D-deficient rickets. In addition to being solely breast-fed for the period of 1 year, he resided in New England, where exposure to ultraviolet light is limited owing to its northern latitude and long cold winters. He presented with classical signs of nutritio...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Fitzpatrick S,Sheard NF,Clark NG,Ritter ML

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The latter half of the 20th century has witnessed rapid advances in medicine. Concurrently, secular trends in lifestyle practices in our increasingly sedentary society have led to burgeoning rates of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. The number of Americans with type 2 diabetes more than doubled betwee...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Pradhan A

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current or recent low vitamin D status (or proxy measures such as dietary intake or ambient ultraviolet radiation) is linked to several chronic diseases, including osteoporosis, cancers, and cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases. Low prenatal vitamin D status may also increase susceptibility to such diseases in later...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Lucas RM,Ponsonby AL,Pasco JA,Morley R

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of maternal vitamin A supplements in decreasing the risk of mother-to-child HIV transmission has been examined in sub-Saharan Africa. Overall, there is no reduction in either mortality or HIV transmission in two recent studies. Contrary to expectations, one study reported an increased risk of transmission usi...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Stephensen CB

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A relationship between folate and neuropsychiatric disorders has been inferred from clinical observation and from the enhanced understanding of the role of folate in critical brain metabolic pathways. Depressive symptoms are the most common neuropsychiatric manifestation of folate deficiency. Conversely, borderline lo...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Alpert JE,Fava M

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children one to ten years of age who had had the fetal alcohol syndrome were compared with age-matched children with intrauterine growth retardation without exposure to alcohol. Those with fetal alcohol syndrome had greater impairment of immune function. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The African grain deficit is projected to surpass its current production of 50 x 10(6) metric tons/year by the turn of the century. The biodiversity of the African continent, on which there are more native cereals than on any other continent, can serve to reduce the vulnerability of the continent's populations at seri...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Fahey JW

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overzealous resuscitation of the severely malnourished patient may be associated with life-threatening complications. A variety of electrolyte, hemodynamic, septic, and nutritional derangements may result in sudden decompensation and even death. We present a case that dramatically illustrates these complications and f...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Foxx-Orenstein A,Jensen GL,McMahon MM

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite a general lack of evidence for the carcinogenic effects of trans fatty acids, some recent research and popular media have suggested a possible association. The available scientific data do not support this relationship and are reviewed so as to put this issue in perspective. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Ip C,Marshall JR

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary excretion of 3-methyl histidine was found to be reduced in starvation. Data show that the rate of muscle catabolism is reduced to a greater extent than muscle mass. Reutilization of amino acids appears not to be greatly enhanced during starvation. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dietary management has been considered an alternative means of modulating adiponectin levels. The purpose of this review is to examine the scientific evidence regarding the effect of diet on adiponectin levels in blood. Clinical trials were selected from Medline until April 2010 using the following MeSH terms: adipoki...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Silva FM,de Almeida JC,Feoli AM

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated an increased incidence of kidney stones in individuals with low calcium intake. More recently, a 5-year clinical study found the recurrence of kidney stones was higher in stone-formers on a low dietary calcium treatment. Considering these important new findings, and the known ad...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Martini LA,Heilberg IP

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risks for gastric cancer in relation to diet and other environmental factors are receiving renewed attention. New developments include the emerging relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and an increased risk for gastric cancer, and positive results of chemoprevention trials in decreasing gastric cancer ri...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Hwang H,Dwyer J,Russell RM

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the environmental impact of genetically modified crops through discussion of environmental risk assessment and includes several case studies. Influence of European regulatory and political issues is considered. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Kuiper H

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction of chimeric transferrin-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase genes into transgenic mice provides a model by which modulation of the human transferrin gene may be studied in vivo. Iron injected into this mouse model decreases liver expression of the reporter enzyme in a manner analogous to its effect on plasm...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has become increasingly evident in recent years that the gut microbiome and the brain communicate in a bidirectional manner, with each possibly affecting the other's functions. Substantial research has aimed to understand the mechanisms of this interaction and to outline strategies for preventing or treating nervou...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Mohajeri MH,La Fata G,Steinert RE,Weber P

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to recent studies from India suggesting that malnutrition, as assessed by anthropometric indexes, affects metabolism of oral progestogens, this study administered a mini-pill containing .35 mg of norethindrone (NET) and combination pills containing 250 or 150 mcg of d-norgestrel (d-NG) and either 50 or 30 ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors：

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although body weight is considered to positively affect bones of children and adults, recent studies suggest that overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence reduce bone mineral content below what would be predicted based on weight and are associated with an increase in incidence of childhood fractures. ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Whiting SJ

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two recent studies on the effects of single high-fat meals on endothelial function have postulated an additional mechanism by which dietary lipids can impact atherosclerosis. These studies found that dietary lipids decrease the ability of blood vessels to dilate and that this modification of endothelial function was p...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Tomaino RM,Decker EA

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review shows how some transcription factors respond to alterations in macronutrients. Carbohydrates induce enzymes for their metabolism and fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acids reduce carbohydrate processing, induce enzymes for their metabolism, and increase both gluconeogenesis and storage of fat. Fat stores help c...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Wise A

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial found that protein supplementation improved recovery from femoral fractures in an elderly population. A 6-month course of protein supplementation (20 g/day, 5 days/week) improved serum prealbumin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations, minimi...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Porter KH,Johnson MA

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Worldwide, the number of individuals who are co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis is increasing greatly. The "triple trouble" of HIV and tuberculosis infection and malnutrition may put those infected at greater risk than those with any of the three conditions alone. Further investigatio...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： van Lettow M,Fawzi WW,Semba RD

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Choline is involved in methyl group metabolism and lipid transport and is a component of a number of important biological compounds including the membrane phospholipids lecithin, sphingomyelin, and plasmalogen; the neurotransmitter acetylcholine; and platelet activating factor. Although a required nutrient for several...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Canty DJ,Zeisel SH

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gluten-related disorders (GRDs) are gradually emerging as epidemiologically relevant diseases, with a global prevalence estimated to be approximately 5% in the population. Conditions related to gluten ingestion include celiac disease (CD), wheat allergy (WA), and nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). Although mediated ...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Bascuñán KA,Roncoroni L,Branchi F,Doneda L,Scricciolo A,Ferretti F,Araya M,Elli L

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current US guidelines for cholesterol recommend limiting intake of cholesterol to <300 mg/day for the general population and <200 mg/day for individuals with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. These recommendations, however, are at odds with international (e.g., Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia) guidel...

journal_title：Nutrition reviews

authors： Brownawell AM,Falk MC

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00