Abstract：
:1. The physiological relevance of cardiac and vascular alpha-adrenoceptors may increase in disease states in which beta-adrenoceptors are altered. To test this, positive inotropic and vasoconstrictor responses to phenylephrine were measured in isolated tissues from rats with experimentally-induced hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and diabetes as well as in genetically spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). 2. In left atria, positive inotropic responses to phenylephrine were increased in hypothyroid and diabetic rats and abolished in hyperthyroid and SHR. 3. In contrast, phenylephrine produced increased positive inotropy in left ventricular papillary muscles from hyperthyroid rats, increased potency in diabetic rats and negative inotropic responses in hypothyroid rats. 4. The potency of phenylephrine as a vasoconstrictor in thoracic aortic rings was increased in hyperthyroid and SHR and decreased in hypothyroid rats. 5. Thus, disease states which alter beta-adrenoceptor responsiveness can independently regulate atrial, ventricular and vascular responses to the alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, phenylephrine. Therefore, these disease states may alter the physiological control of the cardiovascular system by noradrenaline and adrenaline as well as the responsiveness in disease states to therapeutic agents acting via alpha-adrenoceptors.
journal_name
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physioljournal_title
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiologyauthors
Brown L,Amos G,Miller Bdoi
10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02575.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-09-01 00:00:00pages
721-8issue
9eissn
0305-1870issn
1440-1681journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Preterm birth (PTB) is the single largest cause of death in infants and young children. The rate of PTB is significantly higher in male infants, particularly those that are born very preterm. Here we present evidence to suggest that the decidual renin-angiotensin system may play a role in inhibiting inflammation and m...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12734
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs in 5% of hospitalized patients and in 50% of sepsis patients with acute renal dysfunction. However, there have been no safe and effective therapeutic strategies. The hypoxia condition is closely related to renal injury and function under AKI. As hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12947
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist, losartan (10 mg/kg) was infused intravenously into nine chronically catheterized fetal sheep (125-132 days gestation). Losartan reduced the fetal systolic (P <0.01) and diastolic (P <0.01) pressor response to 5 microg angiotensin II (AngII) i.v. from 27.4 +/- 1.5 to...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02583.x
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were prepared with chronic cannulae in the carotid artery, jugular vein and urinary bladder; they were then kept 2 days to allow recovery from surgery. A steady-state continuous saline diuresis was established, then various anaesthetic agents were injected and changes in the urine flow, sodium and potassium excre...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1985.tb02311.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Nineteen-day old rats were fed an essential fatty acid deficient diet for 37 weeks, thereby making them essential fatty acid deficient for at least 24 weeks. The weights of their brains were 33% less than those of rats on control diets. 2. When the deficient rats were rehabilitated for ten weeks on a diet containin...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1979.tb00022.x
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Age-related endothelial dysfunction is closely associated with the local production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within and in the vicinity of the vascular endothelium. Oxidant-induced DNA damage can activate the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), leading to endothelial dysfunction in various p...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12484
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) factors are a family of transcription factors that mediate intracellular signalling initiated at cytokine cell surface receptors and transmitted to the nucleus. In the present study, we determined the global changes in STAT gene expression in the hippocampus...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04679.x
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent in vitro experiments have indicated that human resistin increases the number of lipoprotein particles secreted by the human hepatocytes and also influences their quality, in terms of generating more proatherogenic lipid particles. The aim of this study is to investigate associations of plasma resistin and perip...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12503
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aims of the present study were to investigate the pharmacological effects of quercetin on wild-type (WT) and mutant (I502A) human (h) Kv1.5 channel currents (I(kur)) and to identify whether mutation in the S6 segment is critical to activation of I(kur) by quercetin. 2. Experiments were performed on WT and site-...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.05061.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of dopaminergic and glutamatergic receptors on different stages of the amphetamine (AMPH) sensitized effect in schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) in rats. 2. Three experiments were designed to evaluate the roles of DAD2 receptor antagonist haloperidol (HAL) and gl...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2010.05416.x
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Twelve treated hypertensive patients (ages 58-71 years) who had also been treated for joint disease participated in a randomized double-blind crossover placebo-controlled study to investigate the effects of indomethacin (25 mg three times daily) on blood pressure and biochemical parameters over a 6-week period. 2. ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1981.tb00763.x
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The therapeutic potential of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin (Camp) administration in sepsis has been widely investigated. However, little is known about the pathophysiological roles of cathelicidin in septic cardiomyopathy. In a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxaemic model, we found that the mRNA and pr...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.13234
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Positive inotropic effect of taurine and improvement of cardiac performance of failing heart are mediated through the modulation of Ca2+ movement through the sarcolemma. 2. Cardioprotection with glutamate and aspartate is related to enhanced anaerobic energy formation in mitochondria coupled with succinate formatio...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb01748.x
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) demonstrate a high burden of vascular disease. This vascular disease is unusual by way of a preponderance of medial calcification. Further, traditional cardiovascular risk factors fail to fully explain the high cardiovascular event rate in this population. 2. The present r...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04660.x
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Combined treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with AT1 receptor antagonists and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors has been shown to reduce mean arterial pressure (MAP) more than monotherapy with either agent. The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of chronic dual re...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2003.03837.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The influence of the passive force on the contraction and endothelium-dependent relaxation in aortae of normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) were compared. 2. Force changes of endothelium-intact and -removed preparations were measured isometrically by a force...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02765.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vancomycin is an antibiotic used in the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In the last decades, vancomycin has been widely used in hospital environments due to the increasing incidence of sepsis and septic shock. Sepsis ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.13066
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kidney has a unique environment that results in relatively low tissue oxygen tension (Po2). However, recent studies have shown that renal hypoxia is more severe during hypertension and may reflect changes in the way O2 is used. The present review summarizes studies that explore the relationship between renal oxyge...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04478.x
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Direct cortical stimulation of motor and sensory areas of the cortex in experimental animals and some neurosurgical patients has provided much useful physiological information. Some of the benefits of this approach can be provided in awake volunteer subjects using new techniques which activate the motor cortex thor...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb01148.x
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Schizophrenia is a chronic, disabling brain disease that affects approximately 1% of the world's population. It is characterized by delusions, hallucinations and formal thought disorder, together with a decline in socio-occupational functioning. While the causes for schizophrenia remain unknown, evidence from famil...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03399.x
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Ghrelin is a multifunctional peptide hormone that affects various processes, including growth hormone and insulin release, appetite regulation, gut motility, metabolism and cancer cell proliferation. Ghrelin is produced in the stomach and in other normal and pathological cell types. It may act as an endocrine or au...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05241.x
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The possibility that the anticonvulsant activity of the benzodiazepines, diazepam and clobazam, is related to changes in EEG parameters, particularly beta activity, was investigated in amygdaloid kindled rats. 2. The effects of diazepam (1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mumols/kg), administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), clobazam ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01015.x
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effect of the calcium channel blocker nisoldipine on the myocardial content of lipid peroxidation products (malondialdehyde (MDA), conjugated double bonds (CDB), fluorescent end-products (RF) and mitochondrial adenine nucleotides) was investigated in conscious pigs (n = 14) subjected to 24 h of immobilization s...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1990.tb01258.x
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The haemodynamic and metabolic effects of oral intake of approximately 30 mg/kg per day N-nitro-L-arginine (NOLA) were examined in sham and adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH, 0.5 mg/kg per day) treated conscious Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 33). 2. NOLA administration produced an increase in systolic blood pressure of 24 +/- ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1992.tb00403.x
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Epidermal growth factor is a potent mitogen that causes natriuresis, diuresis and inhibition of arginine vasopressin-induced water reabsorption. 2. The aim of this study was to determine any interaction between epidermal growth factor and the V1 (vascular) and/or V2 (antidiuretic) arginine vasopressin receptor subt...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02506.x
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), present in capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons, induces gastric mucus secretion and mucosal cytoprotection. 2. We studied the possible cross-talk between PAR2 and vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1). The VR1 antagonist capsazepine partially inhibited the PAR2-mediated increase in gastri...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03641.x
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We examined the proliferative rates of cultured astrocytes isolated from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) and stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSR). Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were used as a control for SHRSP and SHRSR. 2. In the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), the doub...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02073.x
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. It has been suggested that oestrogen-produced vasodilatation is due to induction of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS), but there are many reports of direct effects on vascular smooth muscle. In the present study, these processes were investigated in rat aorta isolated from ovariectomized rats. 2. Short-term t...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02188.x
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In order to determine whether the antihypertensive effect of neonatal thymectomy in genetically hypertensive rats could be mediated through altered adrenal function, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and urinary excretion of deoxycorticosterone (DOC), corticosterone (B) and aldosterone were measured in thymectomized hy...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01030.x
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Although several epidemiological studies have not observed significant independent relationships between physical activity or fitness and blood pressure, others have concluded that blood pressure is lower in individuals who are more fit or active. However, longitudinal intervention studies are more appropriate for ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04453.x
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
