Abstract:
:The ragweed allergens Amb t 5 and Amb a 5 are among the smallest inhaled protein allergens known, containing a single, immunodominant T-cell epitope. In this study we analyzed the B-cell epitope structure of Amb t 5. The three-dimensional structures of Amb t 5 and Amb a 5 have been determined by NMR spectroscopy, providing a rare opportunity to analyze three-dimensional antigenic sites. Amb t 5 residues likely to be important for antigenicity were identified by examining the surface area of Amb t 5 accessible to a probe of the size of an antibody molecule. After changing these residues to the corresponding Amb a 5 residues, recombinant proteins were purified and tested for loss of antigenic activity. Inhibition radio-immunoassays, using sera from 8 individuals who had received immunotherapy with giant ragweed extract, allowed the mutations to be divided into three groups: (1) mutations that had little or no effect on antibody binding, (2) mutations that caused a loss of antigenic activity to a different degree in different sera and (3) mutations that drastically reduced antigenic activity in all sera tested. This last set of mutations clustered in the third loop of Amb t 5, suggesting that antibody recognition of Amb t 5, like T-cell recognition, is primarily directed towards a single, immunodominant site.
journal_name
Mol Immunoljournal_title
Molecular immunologyauthors
Rafnar T,Brummet ME,Bassolino-Klimas D,Metzler WJ,Marsh DGdoi
10.1016/s0161-5890(99)00054-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-01 00:00:00pages
459-67issue
8eissn
0161-5890issn
1872-9142pii
S0161589099000541journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Macrophages play an important role both in innate and adaptive immune responses. Treatment with interferon (IFN) γ together with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates pro-inflammatory macrophages which secrete various pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-12. IL-12 promotes a Th1 type immune response by directly contro...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2012.03.017
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) has caused great economic damage to shrimp aquaculture. Previous studies have shown that WSSV successfully usurps the immunity system of the host for its own gene regulation. To investigate the role of shrimp high mobility group box (HMGB) proteins in WSSV gene regulation, two Litopena...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2010.11.020
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of V alpha and V beta sequences of T cell receptors now available allows a meaningful analysis of their variability profiles. Variability plots were derived using a modified form of Wu and Kabat's algorithm: variability is not computed as a proportion of the number of different residues occurring at a posit...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(91)90178-m
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation in the brain is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Immunotherapy against Aβ was considered a potential strategy for reducing the Aβ load in the brain. However, none of the Aβ immunotherapies have produced clinically meaningful results to date, due to poor safety or ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2018.07.019
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bla g 1 is a major allergen from Blatella germanica and one of the primary allergens used to assess cockroach allergen exposure. The epitope of an anti-Bla g 1 scFv was mapped in order to better understand cross reactivity with other group 1 cockroach allergens and patient IgE epitopes. X-ray crystallography was used ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.02.003
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rabbit antisera specific for horseradish peroxidase inhibit the catalytic activity of the enzyme. All antibodies prepared against the holoenzyme react with the peroxidase apoenzyme. However, only a minority (30-45%) of the total antiperoxidase pool cross react with reduced and alkylated apoenzymes. The antibodies inhi...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(82)90366-2
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An expression cDNA library was constructed from the helper T cell hybridoma, A.1.1, which has been shown to produce constitutively proteins involved in the down regulation of the immune response. From this library we identified and characterized a cDNA clone, J6B7, by screening with a polyclonal antibody specific for ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(90)90102-6
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by activated macrophages and monocytes. Previously, we have reported that bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) induces inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression via IL-1β in macrophages. In the present study, we demonstrate that BMP-6 increases IL-...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2011.04.019
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic fungi represent a major threat particularly to immunocompromised hosts, leading to severe, and often lethal, systemic opportunistic infections. Although the impaired immune status of the host is clearly the most important factor leading to disease, virulence factors of the fungus also play a role. Factor H ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.08.011
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The preTCR, gammadeltaTCR, and alphabetaTCR are the three isoforms of the T cell antigen receptor that are expressed during thymocyte development. Signaling by these isoforms is required at different stages of T cell development for lineage commitment, thymocyte maturation, and repertoire selection. All three isoforms...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2009.09.015
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subunits of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex are expressed on the surface of tumors, bind the TCR of human Vgamma9/Vdelta2 lymphocytes and promote their cytotoxicity. Present experiments show that detection of the complex (called ecto-F1-ATPase) at the cell surface by immunofluorescence correlates with low MHC-c...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2007.05.026
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) mainly caused by Leishmania braziliensis is a chronic inflammatory disease widely spread in Brazil. Genetic variant strains of this parasite have been associated with atypical clinical manifestations of CL in an endemic area in Brazil. Furthermore, these strains have presented distinct bio...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2018.12.013
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum levels of IgA1 and IgA2 were measured by solid phase radioimmunoassay in samples from 110 children between 3 months and 10 years of age. Both IgA1 and IgA2 were detectable in all samples, and both IgA1 and IgA2 increased with increasing age. The percent of total serum IgA that was IgA2 did not change with age an...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(83)90038-x
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression and ligand binding activity of Fc receptors for IgG (Fc gamma R) on guinea-pig peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (blood PMN) have been compared with those on casein-elicited peritoneal PMN (exudate PMN). Both the PMN were found to express two distinct types of Fc gamma R, one specific for Ig...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(92)90194-3
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane immunoglobulins are integral proteins on B cell surfaces that bind foreign antigens and are critically involved in the regulation of the immune response. Based upon the model of serum IgG, it has been assumed that membrane immunoglobulins are essentially four chain disulfide-linked structures of the form H2L2...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(93)90451-g
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Keratin is a cytoskeletal protein that constitutes the intermediate filament. Its distribution is restricted to epithelial tissues in mammals, but is wider in fish. An interesting feature of fish keratin is that it is abundant in the cutaneous mucus. However, the biological function of keratin in the mucus has not bee...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2019.09.012
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Brucella abortus protein with a molecular weight of 50 kDa has been shown to bind bovine immunoglobulin G from healthy, brucellosis-free animals. The Brucella immunoglobulin G binding molecule appears to be a protein, since it is susceptible to proteolysis. The protein is presumed to be located on the cell surface, ...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(91)90084-w
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crotoxin (Ctx) is the main lethal component of Crotalus durissus terrificus venom. It is a neurotoxin, composed of two subunits associated by noncovalent interactions, the non-toxic acid subunit (CA), named Crotapotin, and the basic subunit (CB), with phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity. Employing the SPOT synthesis tech...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2020.01.012
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humanization of monoclonal antibodies by complementary determinant region (CDR)-grafting has become a standard procedure to improve the clinical usage of animal antibodies. However, antibody humanization may result in loss of activity that has been attributed to structural constraints in the framework structure. In th...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(03)00022-1
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of nanoparticles (NPs) for commercial products is undergoing a dramatic expansion. Many sunscreens and cosmetics now use zinc oxide (ZnO) or titania (TiO2) NPs, which are effective ultraviolet (UV) filters. Zinc oxide topical creams are also used in mild anti-inflammatory treatments. In this study we e...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2015.02.021
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Pms2 gene is involved in DNA mismatch repair in mammalian cells, and has recently been shown to affect hypermutation of mammalian immunoglobulin genes. We have studied hypermutation of a lambda1 transgene in chronically stimulated Peyer's patch B cells of both young and old mice deficient in function of Pms2. In y...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(99)00027-9
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rearrangements in reading frame 2 promote the expression of a truncated heavy chain, the Dmu protein. Dmu can assemble into a pre-B cell receptor like complex that appears to induce a subset of signals elicited by full length mu, but cannot promote the pro-B to pre-B cell transition of Rag-/- B cells. In order to dete...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2005.09.020
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmunity is fundamentally a continuously evolving process. The autoimmune responses shift, drift and diversify with time not only to other epitopes in the original antigen but also to other related and sometimes to unrelated antigens. We have described a form of immune diversification--reciprocal T-B epitope sprea...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2003.11.029
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously identified four linear IgE epitopes on Jun a 1, the dominant allergen in mountain cedar pollen, and mapped these to the surfaces of a molecular model and to the crystal structure of this glycoprotein. The aim of the present study was to determine if Jun a 1 also displays conformational IgE epitopes....
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2005.12.001
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peach non-specific lipid transfer protein (Pru p 3; nsLTP) has been characterized as the major food allergen in the adult Mediterranean population. Its wheat homologous protein, Tri a 14 has a relevant inhalant allergen in occupational baker's asthma. Different sensitization patterns to these allergens have been found...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2009.07.028
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::For decades immunological research has relied, with variable success, on mouse models to investigate diseases and possible therapeutic interventions. With the approval of the first therapeutic antibody targeting complement, called eculizumab, as therapy in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and more recently at...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2015.03.011
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease which is susceptible to children and causes great harm to them. Recently, Interferon-related developmental regulator 1 (IFRD1) was proved to be participant in regulating lung diseases, and its abnormal expression was shown in pathological airway tissues. Our study aimed to demon...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2020.09.010
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ligation of the B cell Ag receptor (BCR) activates a protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) and CD45 protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase)-dependent signaling cascade that results in the activation of Ras. This pathway of Ras activation can operate independently of protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Activation of Ras may lead to...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(95)00134-4
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::T-cell-replacing factor (TRF)/IL-5 is a T-cell-derived glycoprotein which has pleiotropic activity on lymphoid and myeloid cells. IL-5 polypeptide translated into Xenopus oocytes are heterogeneous in molecular size (40,000 to 60,000 under nonreducing conditions) and yields a monomeric form (Mr of 25,000 to 30,000) und...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0161-5890(90)90158-v
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty different PCR clones encoding a llama variable heavy chain domain were analysed. The majority of these clones are derived from heavy-chain antibody cDNA in which the entire CH1 exon is absent. It appears from the amino acid within the VHH framework 1 and 3 that all the llama clones belong to the VH III family. H...
journal_title:Molecular immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0161-5890(97)00146-6
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00