Abstract：
:The permeability of the blood-brain barrier to glutamate was measured by quantitative autoradiography in brains of 7-day-old rats (average plasma glutamate 114 microM) and rats injected subcutaneously with glutamate (average plasma glutamate 2,670 microM). Measurements of glutamate permeability were initiated by the injection of [14C]glutamate into the inferior vena cava and the 7-day-old rats sacrificed at 1 minute to avoid the accumulation of [14C]glutamate metabolites in plasma. Glutamate entered the brain at a slow rate, with an average permeability-surface area product of 12 microl x min(-1) x g(-1), except in those areas known to have fenestrated capillaries. Thus, glutamate readily entered and accumulated in circumventricular organs where the radioactivity was localized. Although three areas with a blood-brain barrier, the cerebral cortex, the hypothalamus and the midbrain, of 7-day-old rats had permeabilities similar to adult rats, the other areas of the brain with a blood-brain barrier had a permeability about 1.5-1.9 times that of adult rats. The greater permeability of the brain of 7-day-old rats may reflect the degree of immaturity of the blood-brain barrier.
journal_name
Metab Brain Disjournal_title
Metabolic brain diseaseauthors
Viña JR,DeJoseph MR,Hawkins PA,Hawkins RAsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-09-01 00:00:00pages
219-27issue
3eissn
0885-7490issn
1573-7365journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We report treatment outcome of eleven patients with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy caused by pathogenic variants in ALDH7A1 (PDE-ALDH7A1). We developed a clinical severity score to compare phenotype with biochemical features, genotype and delays in the initiation of pyridoxine. Clinical severity score included 1) globa...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9933-8
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue methylmalonic acid (MMA) accumulation is the biochemical hallmark of methylmalonic acidemia. Clinically, the disease is characterized by progressive neurological deterioration and renal failure, whose pathophysiology is still undefined. In the present study we investigated the effect of acute MMA administration...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-013-9396-0
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cadmium is a toxic environmental and industrial pollutant. Cadmium toxicity has been reported to produce biochemical and behavioral dysfunction that may cause adverse effects on several organs including the central nervous system. The present study was designed to investigate the neurotoxic effects of Cadmium Chloride...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9578-4
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia is known to be associated with metabolic disturbances including diabetes mellitus, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. A growing body of evidence has suggested abnormal cytokine levels in schizophrenia. In the present study, we explored the effects of low-grade chronic inflammation on behavioral stereot...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9630-4
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allicin, one of the main biologically active compounds derived from garlic, was previously reported to possess multiple pharmacological activities. Whether allicin protected against chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) induced depressive-like behaviors remained unknown. Thus, our present study for the first time invest...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0342-z
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The associations of levels of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B and ApoB/A1 ratio and risk of a first stroke have not been reliably documented. We performed a meta-analysis to summarize the relationships and confirmed them in a case-control study. We identified relevant publications in PubMed and Embase d...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9732-7
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sevoflurane, one of the most commonly used volatile anesthetics in clinical treatment, has been shown to induce a widespread increase in brain apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Sestrin 2 has been recently shown to regulate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and play a cruci...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9673-1
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important aspect of normal central nervous system (CNS) function. Recently, it was shown that the BBB breakdown is one of the predisposing factors in the pathogenesis of thiamine-deficiency encephalopathy. The result is discussed along with some reviews on previous ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02080931
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of factors released from N2A neuroblastoma cells on the expression of myelin protein genes in glioma C6 cells, i.e., proteolipid protein (PLP) and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), was studied. Both cells lines were propagated in serum-free DMEM-F10 (1:1) medium. The addition of 50% N2A conditioned medi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01000160
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lactic acid accumulation has been implicated in the evolution of brain damage after ischemia. Since compartmentation of lactate may play a role in acid-base balance, lactate release from gerbil hippocampal slices was examined during a number of metabolic stresses including elevated [K+]e, ischemia, anoxia, and aglycem...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00999841
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stress-induced activation of the expression of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperon and member of the protein disulfide isomerase family erp72 was studied after transient cerebral ischemia in vivo using the four-vessel occlusion method and experimental depletion of ER calcium stores in primary neuronal cel...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020631029168
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study analyses the potential role of MTHFR gene polymorphism, folate supplementation and dietary pattern among the mothers of NTD neonates and controls in heterogeneous populations of North India, with the special focus on their ethnic labels. Results indicated significant increased risk for neural tube de...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-011-9256-8
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of chronic and repeated radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RFEMR) exposure on spatial cognition and hippocampal architecture were investigated in prepubescent rats. Four weeks old male Wistar rats were exposed to RF-EMR (900 MHz; SAR-1.15 W/kg with peak power density of 146.60 μW/cm(2)) for 1 h/day,...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-015-9689-6
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study evaluating zinc supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease yielded variable zinc plasma levels in spite of positive cognitive and physiological results. In an attempt to raise and sustain plasma zinc levels, a single patient was given 15 mg zinc/day with various combinations of vitamins. A sustained ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-006-9023-4
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:D-Galactose (D-gal) chronic administration via intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes has been used as a model of aging and Alzheimer disease in rodents. Intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration of D-gal causes memory impairments, a reduction in the neurogenesis of adult mice, an increase in the levels of the ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-9972-9
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Attention alterations are reported in cirrhotics. Aiming at clarifying attention functioning in cirrhotics, an inquiry on the functioning of the anterior (AAS) and the posterior (PAS) attention system was performed. Thirty-six cirrhotics without overt hepatic encephalopathy (24 with EEG or TMT-A alterations) and 16 ma...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-005-4149-3
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current data on the neurotrophic effects of steroid hormones suggest that, in brain and spinal cord regions containing receptor systems, steroids act at the level of RNA and protein synthesis to effect metabolic changes associated with nerve-cell survival, elaboration/maintenance of dendritic and axonal processes, syn...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01001350
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to the high ability of cadmium to cross the blood-brain barrier, cadmium (Cd) causes severe neurological damages. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of Mangifera indica leaf extract (MLE) against Cd-induced neurotoxicity. Rats were divided into eight groups. Group 1 ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0222-6
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression, common in chronic medical conditions, and hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a reversible neuropsychiatric syndrome due to liver dysfunction, are associated with impaired health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in cirrhosis and hepatitis C (HCV). This study investigated the impact of depression and HE on HRQOL in...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9817-y
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thiamine triphosphate (ThTP) was discovered over 60 years ago and it was long thought to be a specifically neuroactive compound. Its presence in most cell types, from bacteria to mammals, would suggest a more general role but this remains undefined. In contrast to thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), ThTP is not a coenzyme. I...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9509-4
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations in NADH dehydrogenase (ND) subunits of complex I lead to mitochondrial encephalomyopathies associated with various phenotypes. This report aims to present the patient's clinical symptomatology in the context of a very rare 13042G>A de novo mutation and with an emphasis on changing phenotypic expression and p...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9645-x
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HT1) is caused by mutations in the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) gene, the template for the final enzyme in the tyrosine catabolism pathway. If left untreated this deficiency of functional FAH leads to a buildup of toxic metabolites that can cause liver disease, kidney dysfunction ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0071-8
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Semi-chronic exposure of ICR male Mice to Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in non-toxic doses decreased brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) and catecholamines without altering tryptophan (TRP) or tyrosine (TYR) levels. A TRP load (300 mg/kg, i.p. x 2 hours) slightly increased brain T...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01000244
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the hypothesis that neurotoxic metals can exert their toxicity through the direct inhibition of monoamine oxidases (MAOs), the effects of several neurotoxic metal ions on type A (MAO-A) and type B (MAO-B) monoamine oxidase activities in rat forebrain nonsynaptic mitochondria and rat liver mitochondria w...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01000159
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relation between soya bean (SB) consumption and aggressive behavior has not been elucidated yet. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of large amount of SB consumption on adult male rats' aggressive behavior through investigating changes in the expression of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone/ RF amid...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00431-2
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in severe neurological impairments without effective treatments. Inflammation appears to be an important contributor to key pathogenic events such as secondary brain injury following TBI and therefore serves as a promising target for novel therapies. We have recently demonstrated t...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-9991-6
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxic-ischemia (HI) is a widely used animal model to mimic the preterm or perinatal sublethal hypoxia, including hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. It causes diffuse neurodegeneration in the brain and results in mental retardation, hyperactivity, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and neuroendocrine disturbances. Herein, we exa...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9816-z
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) is a toxin sometimes produced on moldy crops (sugarcane, peanuts, etc.) in amounts sufficient to cause severe neurological disorders when consumed by humans. In vitro, 3-NPA irreversibly inactivates SDH, a Complex II respiratory enzyme required for mitochondrial energy production. A singl...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020753629477
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder often associated with aging and characterized by several critical molecular changes that take place in the brain. Among the molecular hallmarks of AD, increased levels of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and the subsequent Aβ-derived damage are the most well-studi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9527-2
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fenproporex (Fen) is an amphetamine-based anorectic; amphetamine use causes a broad range of severe cognitive deficits and anxiogenic-like effects. In this study we evaluated pharmacological effects of the chronic administration of Fen on cognitive and non-cognitive behaviors. Male adult Wistar rats received intraperi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9617-1
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
