Abstract：
:Thiamine triphosphate (ThTP) was discovered over 60 years ago and it was long thought to be a specifically neuroactive compound. Its presence in most cell types, from bacteria to mammals, would suggest a more general role but this remains undefined. In contrast to thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), ThTP is not a coenzyme. In E. coli cells, ThTP is transiently produced in response to amino acid starvation, while in mammalian cells, it is constitutively produced at a low rate. Though it was long thought that ThTP was synthesized by a ThDP:ATP phosphotransferase, more recent studies indicate that it can be synthesized by two different enzymes: (1) adenylate kinase 1 in the cytosol and (2) FoF1-ATP synthase in brain mitochondria. Both mechanisms are conserved from bacteria to mammals. Thus ThTP synthesis does not seem to require a specific enzyme. In contrast, its hydrolysis is catalyzed, at least in mammalian tissues, by a very specific cytosolic thiamine triphosphatase (ThTPase), controlling the steady-state cellular concentration of ThTP. In some tissues where adenylate kinase activity is high and ThTPase is absent, ThTP accumulates, reaching ≥ 70% of total thiamine, with no obvious physiological consequences. In some animal tissues, ThTP was able to phosphorylate proteins, and activate a high-conductance anion channel in vitro. These observations raise the possibility that ThTP is part of a still uncharacterized cellular signaling pathway. On the other hand, its synthesis by a chemiosmotic mechanism in mitochondria and respiring bacteria might suggest a role in cellular energetics.
journal_name
Metab Brain Disjournal_title
Metabolic brain diseaseauthors
Bettendorff L,Lakaye B,Kohn G,Wins Pdoi
10.1007/s11011-014-9509-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-01 00:00:00pages
1069-82issue
4eissn
0885-7490issn
1573-7365journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Aberrant brain functional connectivity has been considered as the important mechanism underlying minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE); however, little is known about the change in interhemispheric connection in MHE patients. Twenty patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and MHE and 15 healthy controls were included in th...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9505-8
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mild hypothermia (32 degrees C-35 degrees C) reduces intracranial pressure in patients with acute liver failure and may offer an effective adjunct therapy in the management of these patients. Studies in experimental animals suggest that this beneficial effect of hypothermia is the result of a decrease in blood-brain a...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021982523691
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an important aspect of normal central nervous system (CNS) function. Recently, it was shown that the BBB breakdown is one of the predisposing factors in the pathogenesis of thiamine-deficiency encephalopathy. The result is discussed along with some reviews on previous ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02080931
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is biochemically characterized by elevated levels of leucine, isoleucine and valine, as well as their corresponding transaminated branched-chain α-keto acids in tissue and biological fluids. Neurological symptoms and cerebral abnormalities, whose mechanisms are still unknown, are typic...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0035-z
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyloid-beta (Aβ) interacts with the serine/threonine protein kinase AKT (also known as protein kinase B)/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) pathway and deactivates GSK3β signaling, which result in microtubule protein tau phosphorylation. Atorvastatin, a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has been proven to improve learnin...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9803-4
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is the earliest form of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and affects up to 80 % of patients with liver cirrhosis. By definition, MHE is characterized by psychomotor slowing and subtle cognitive deficits, but obvious clinical manifestations are lacking. Given its covert nature, MHE is o...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9848-4
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fenproporex (Fen) is an amphetamine-based anorectic; amphetamine use causes a broad range of severe cognitive deficits and anxiogenic-like effects. In this study we evaluated pharmacological effects of the chronic administration of Fen on cognitive and non-cognitive behaviors. Male adult Wistar rats received intraperi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9617-1
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study analyses the potential role of MTHFR gene polymorphism, folate supplementation and dietary pattern among the mothers of NTD neonates and controls in heterogeneous populations of North India, with the special focus on their ethnic labels. Results indicated significant increased risk for neural tube de...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-011-9256-8
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regional energy status and the availability of metabolic substrates during brain development are important, since a variety of fetal metabolic insults have been increasingly implicated in the evolution of neonatal brain disorders. The response of the brain to a metabolic insult is determined, in large part, by the...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1025503115837
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oral glutamine challenge is a method to increase blood ammonia and may be used to study the ammonia lowering effect of drugs potentially useful in hepatic encephalopathy (HE). We tested its influence on the psychometric performance of 18 cirrhotic patients without HE. Twelve nonencephalopatic cirrhotic patients were s...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021926601907
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Iron is an important micronutrient for neuronal function and survival. It plays an essential role in DNA and protein synthesis, neurotransmission and electron transport chain due to its dual redox states. On the contrary, iron also catalyses the production of free radicals and hence, causes oxidative stress. Therefore...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9522-7
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) is a well established procedure to induce neuroinflammation leading to dementia in experimental animals. However, the optimal dose of STZ has not been determined. In the present study, rats were ICV injected with 1.5, 3 and 6 mg of STZ per kg of body weig...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-020-00588-1
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart failure patients often manifest white matter hyperintensites on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). White matter hyperintnsities have also been linked with cognitive problems in patients with heart failure. Sleep disordered breathing may contribute to structural brain changes in heart failure. The purpose of...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0309-0
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the normal adult brain, glucose provides 90% of the energy requirements as well as substrate for nucleic acid and lipid synthesis. In the present study, effects of ethanol on glucose transporters (GLUT) and glucose utilization were examined in rat brain. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 gms were given eith...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02674530
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isolated Methylmalonic acidemia/aciduria (MMA) is a group of inborn errors of metabolism disease which is caused by defect in methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM) enzyme. The enzyme has a key function in the catabolism of branched chain amino acids (BCAA, isoleucine, and valine), methionine, and threonine. MCM is encoded by...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0277-4
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic exposure to stress amplifies locomotor deficits and exacerbates dopamine neuron loss in an animal model for Parkinson's disease. The release of neurotrophic factors such as glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) following neuronal injury attenuates exacerbated degeneration...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-9988-1
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A structured analytic approach was developed to evaluate enzyme kinetic parameters using non-linear least-squares fitting. The approach was implemented in a software package called KinSim and designed to run on Windows 95, 98, and NT platforms. The software and the theoretical approach were tested using kinetic data o...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02679980
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke is devastating and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and its subsequent reactive hyperemia lead to neuronal damage in the hippocampus and cognitive decline. Chrysin (5, 7-dihydroxyflavone) is a well-known member of the flavonoid family with antioxidant and neuro...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00527-9
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:First-episode psychosis (FEP) patients are more sensitive to neuroleptic side-effects such as hyperprolactinemia. We examined the prolactin levels of previously minimally treated patients with first episode schizophrenia over their first year of treatment with flupenthixol decanoate and the relationship between prolac...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00474-5
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bilateral, symmetrical hyperintensity of the globus pallidus is observed in T1-weighted cerebral magnetic resonance images in from 52 to 100% of patients with chronic liver disease. No significant relationship exists between the presence of these cerebral changes in image signal intensity and the patients' neuropsychi...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1020680624084
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present work was to investigate the role of ondansetron on the high fat diet (HFD) induced obese mice for behavioral and biochemical alterations using chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model of depression. Animals were fed with high fat diet for 14 weeks and subjected to different stress procedur...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9574-8
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The synthesis, storage and release of acetylcholine (ACh) requires the expression of several specialized proteins, including choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the vesicular ACh transporter (VAChT). The VAChT gene is located within the first intron of the ChAT gene. This unique genomic organization permits coordinat...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02680013
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The availability of an animal model is crucial in studying the pathophysiological mechanisms of disease and to test possible therapies. Now, there are several models for the study of liver diseases, but there still remains a lack of a satisfactory animal model of chronic liver disease with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-005-7925-1
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The free radical scavenging abilities of the structurally related steroids beta-sitosterol, beta-sitosterol glucoside (plant sterols and sterolins), cholesterol, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) were compared with melatonin (an efficient free radical scavenger) in an in vitro system which measures lipid per...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1011167023695
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of phenylketonuria (PKU)-associated disorders has been implicated. Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) is a modified form of serum albumin, which is produced under the conditions of oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to measure the serum level of IMA in the PKU pat...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0165-3
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The developing facial neurons of a series of hamsters ranging in age from the 14-day fetus to the 9 day postnatal were axotomized. Postoperative times were graded for each age so that the retrograde response could be observed before any significant amount of cell degeneration or death occurred. The incorporation of tr...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00996894
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past 35 years, the outlook for a patient presenting with acute liver failure (ALF) has changed beyond all recognition. A patient presenting in 1984 had an 80 % likelihood of succumbing to intracranial hypertension. Today due to dramatic improvements in intensive care in dedicated liver transplant units, this ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-012-9363-1
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the biochemical alterations of the striatum of mice subjected to seven experimental schedules with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride (MPTP) treatment. The mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with MPTP (20 mg/kg in saline) four times a day at 2-hr intervals showed severe ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-010-9195-9
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alcohol dependence (AD) has a large heritable component. Genetic variation in genes involved in the absorption and elimination of ethanol have been associated with AD. However, some of these polymorphisms are not present in an African population. Previous studies have reported that a type of AD which is characterized ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9503-x
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondrial glutathione (mGSH) is a critical factor in the cell defense against oxidative and nitrosative stress (ONS), and ONS is a key pathogenic event in hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Acute HE in the thioacetamide (TAA) model caused a 54 % decrease of mGSH content in the rat prefrontal cortex (pfc), but not in the...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-012-9342-6
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
