Abstract:
:Oral glutamine challenge is a method to increase blood ammonia and may be used to study the ammonia lowering effect of drugs potentially useful in hepatic encephalopathy (HE). We tested its influence on the psychometric performance of 18 cirrhotic patients without HE. Twelve nonencephalopatic cirrhotic patients were studied before and after glutamine load (20 g in 100 mL tap water) and six patients before and after placebo (100 mL tap water) by using the Number Connection Test (NCT), the Covert Visual Attention Orienting Test (CVAOT), and the Scan Test (SCT). Blood ammonia increased significantly after glutamine (from 79 +/- 34 to 211 +/- 66 microg/dL) but not after placebo (from 94 +/- 41 to 88 +/- 26). No difference in the NCT was found before and after glutamine load or placebo. The CVAOT was similar after glutamine challenge and placebo, nor any interaction between Loads (glutamine or placebo) x Cue position was found, suggesting that glutamine load did not influence attention-orienting. SCT results were also similar after glutamine and placebo, suggesting a lack of influence on the working memory. Glutamine challenge is a safe method to induce hyperammonemia in nonencephalopatic cirrhotic patients and, therefore, to study the efficacy of ammonia lowering treatments.
journal_name
Metab Brain Disjournal_title
Metabolic brain diseaseauthors
Masini A,Efrati C,Merli M,Nicolao F,Amodio P,Del Piccolo F,Riggio Odoi
10.1023/a:1021926601907subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-03-01 00:00:00pages
27-35issue
1eissn
0885-7490issn
1573-7365journal_volume
18pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract::Chronic neuroinflammation is strongly associated with AD and altered peripheral and central levels of chemokines and cytokines have been frequently described in those with AD. Given the increasing evidence of ethnicity-related differences in AD, it was of interest to determine if those altered chemokine and cytokine l...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-019-00512-2
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have examined neonatal diabetes, a rare disease characterized by hyperglycemia and low insulin levels that is usually diagnosed in the first 6 month of life. Recently, the effects of diabetes on the brain have received considerable attention. In addition, hyperglycemia may perturb brain function and mi...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0170-6
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psycho-stimulant that induces behavioral changes due to high level of METH-induced dopamine in the brain. Nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an important role in these changes, especially in drug addiction. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms of ME...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0061-x
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to examine the neuroprotective effects of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) in the hippocampus of propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid rats during neonatal and juvenile growth. Twenty- five pregnant rats from early gestation (GD 0) were divided into five groups: (1) control (received drinking water), (...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0025-1
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Semi-chronic exposure of ICR male Mice to Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in non-toxic doses decreased brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) and catecholamines without altering tryptophan (TRP) or tyrosine (TYR) levels. A TRP load (300 mg/kg, i.p. x 2 hours) slightly increased brain T...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01000244
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease whose hallmark pathological features include a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. Ciclooxygenase-2 activity induction and oxidative stress have been implicated in the aetiology of Parkinson's disease and in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-013-9416-0
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fenproporex (Fen) is an amphetamine-based anorectic; amphetamine use causes a broad range of severe cognitive deficits and anxiogenic-like effects. In this study we evaluated pharmacological effects of the chronic administration of Fen on cognitive and non-cognitive behaviors. Male adult Wistar rats received intraperi...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-014-9617-1
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have described the occurrence in freely moving gerbils of slow potential changes (SPC) in two different models of experimental epilepsy: 1) maximal electroshock and 2) bilateral epileptic foci induced by penicillin. SPC is considered a by-product of epileptiform activity in both models and correlates to the SPC whi...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01000149
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the pattern of brain volume changes in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and correlation with clinical and neuropsychological (NP) tests. Fifty seven ESRD patients with no anatomical abnormalities in conventional magnetic resonance imaging [24 patients with...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-013-9438-7
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cholesterol-raising properties of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon-4 (ε-4) allele has been validated in the South African population. Mounting evidence supports the added value of APOE genotyping for the evaluation of cardiovascular risk in dyslipidemic patients beyond its established role in the diagnosis of l...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9737-2
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have been conducted to explore the association between proline dehydrogenase gene (PRODH) polymorphisms and schizophrenia (SZ) susceptibility, but providing the controversial results. Here we performed this meta-analysis to determine whether PRODH variants were associated with SZ risk. Relevant studie...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0128-8
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The original article contains mistake. The authors want to add Wenhui Pei as first co-author and Fang Fang as co-corresponding author. ...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s11011-020-00612-4
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) represents a partially-understood cerebrovascular disease of high incidence, morbidity and mortality. We, herein, report the findings of our study concerning the role of two important adenosinetriphosphatases (ATPases) in a porcine model of spontaneous ICH that we have recent...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-013-9380-8
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to evaluate the effect of in vitro galactosaemia on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in different suckling rat brain regions. Various concentrations of galactose (Gal), galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P) and/or galactitol (Galtol) were preincubated for 1 h with homogenates from frontal cortex, hippocampus an...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-005-7210-3
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The commonly used volatile anesthetic sevoflurane has been shown to induce widespread apoptosis in the developing brain, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Accumulating research has demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate multiple biological processes, including neural d...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9838-6
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study evaluating zinc supplementation in patients with Alzheimer's disease yielded variable zinc plasma levels in spite of positive cognitive and physiological results. In an attempt to raise and sustain plasma zinc levels, a single patient was given 15 mg zinc/day with various combinations of vitamins. A sustained ...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-006-9023-4
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of age and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), on protein kinase C (PKC), adenylyl cyclase, calcium/calmodulin-independent cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase (cyclic-AMP PDE) and voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels in Fischer rat brain using autoradio...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02676356
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep disturbances are prevalent among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and often precede the onset and progression of dementia. However, there are no reliable animal models for investigating sleep disturbances in patients with sporadic AD (sAD), which accounts for more than 90% of all AD cases. In the present s...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0125-y
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the present time alcoholism is recognized as a metabolic disease exhibiting the clinical features of craving for alcohol, loss of control over drinking, tolerance and physical dependence on alcohol, while both epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that genetic factors may be important in determ...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01999765
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a naturally occurring compound in the central nervous system (CNS) whose tissue concentration are highly increased in the neurometabolic-inherited deficiency of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) activity or due to intoxication. SSADH deficiency is biochemically characterize...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-009-9136-7
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a demyelinating condition affecting not only the pontine base, but also involving other brain areas. It usually occurs on a background of chronic systemic illness, and is commonly observed in individuals with alcoholism, malnutrition and liver disease. Studies carried out 25-30 ye...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-010-9175-0
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue methylmalonic acid (MMA) accumulation is the biochemical hallmark of methylmalonic acidemia. Clinically, the disease is characterized by progressive neurological deterioration and renal failure, whose pathophysiology is still undefined. In the present study we investigated the effect of acute MMA administration...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-013-9396-0
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the key contributors of altering neurological function in hepatic encephalopathy are relatively well known, the electrophysiological mechanism of CA1 damage, a key vulnerable area during hyperammonemia, have not yet been defined. Therefore, here we focus on the electrophysiological mechanisms of cognitive imp...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-9966-7
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic postconditioning (PostC) conventionally refers to a series of brief blood vessel occlusions and reperfusions, which can induce an endogenous neuroprotective effect and reduce cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Depending on the site of adaptive ischemic intervention, PostC can be classified as in situ...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11011-020-00562-x
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prenatal stress has been associated with increased vulnerability to psychiatric disturbances including schizophrenia, depression, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism. Elevated maternal circulating stress hormones alter development of neural circuits in the fetal brain and cause long-term changes in beh...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-009-9161-6
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Applying different technologies to monitor disease activity and treatment efficacy are essential in a complex disease such as multiple sclerosis. Combining current assays with flow cytometry could create a powerful tool for such analyses. The cell surface expression level of CD74, the MHC class II invariant chain, is ...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11011-014-9634-0
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Undernourished suckling rats were administered, by gastric intubation, either soy oil (which is rich in both linoleic and linolenic acids) or safflower oil (which is rich in linoleic acid but deficient in linolenic acid) to determine (1) if dietary supplementation would offset the hypomyelination characteristic of the...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00999385
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lifetime prevalence rate for major depressive disorder (MDD) is approximately 17 % for most developed countries around the world. Dietary polyphenols are currently used as an adjuvant therapy to accelerate the therapeutic efficacy on depression. Ferulic acid (FA) or 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-cinnamic acid (Fig. 1a) is a...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9704-y
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To characterize an Egyptian patient with glutaric acidemia type I (GA I) and to identify the causative mutation(s) that may be responsible for the disease phenotype. MRI was performed on the patient using the 1.5 T magnet, biochemical analysis was carried out using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry on the patient's...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9879-x
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two progressive disorders with high prevalence worldwide. Polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genes might be associated with both T2D and AD, representing possible genetic markers for the development of the AD in subjec...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-012-9310-1
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00