Abstract：
:Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder often associated with aging and characterized by several critical molecular changes that take place in the brain. Among the molecular hallmarks of AD, increased levels of amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) and the subsequent Aβ-derived damage are the most well-studied factors; however, despite the large amounts of effort and resources devoted to the study of AD and AD pathophysiology, the scientific community still awaits therapeutic alternatives capable of ensuring a better outcome for AD patients. In 2012, Cramer et al. (Science 335:1503-1506 2012) astonished the scientific community by rescuing behavioral and cognitive impairments in AD mouse models via oral administration of bexarotene, a drug used to treat some types of skin cancer. Moreover, these authors demonstrated that bexarotene, a retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist, exerts major effects on Aβ levels, mainly through increased apolipoprotein E (ApoE) expression. Apart from the valid questions addressed in Cramer's work, only a few attempts have been made to explain the effects of bexarotene. Most of these explanations have been solely based on the ability of bexarotene to reduce Aβ levels and not on the mechanisms that lead to such a reduction. Although it is well known that an imbalance in the Aβ production/excretion rate is the basis of increased Aβ levels in AD, no further explanations have been proposed to address the potential involvement of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a critical Aβ-clearance structure, in the bexarotene-mediated effects. Moreover, no attempt has been made to explain how the different effects observed after bexarotene administration are connected to each other. Based on current information and on our own experience with nuclear receptors (NR), we offer new perspectives on the mechanisms of bexarotene action, which should help to improve our knowledge of NRs.
journal_name
Metab Brain Disjournal_title
Metabolic brain diseaseauthors
Zolezzi JM,Inestrosa NCdoi
10.1007/s11011-014-9527-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-09-01 00:00:00pages
553-61issue
3eissn
0885-7490issn
1573-7365journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:While alcohol-induced psychotic disorder (AIPD) is well recognised, relatively little is known about the condition. We undertook a review of the literature to identify studies on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, underlying neurobiology and treatment of AIPD. Few prospective studies have been conducted on AIP...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-013-9457-4
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As studies of brain metabolism grow in complexity, investigators turn increasingly to nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy combined with 13C isotopic labeling. The unique ability to detect labeling non-destructively in specific carbon positions of individual compounds has opened the way to investigate brain metabol...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02029492
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psycho-stimulant that induces behavioral changes due to high level of METH-induced dopamine in the brain. Nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an important role in these changes, especially in drug addiction. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms of ME...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0061-x
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) or branched-chain alpha-keto aciduria (BCKA) is an inherited disorder caused by a deficiency of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCKAD) activity. The blockage of this pathway leads to tissue accumulation of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine, isoleuc...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-006-9030-5
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study presents further research into the spectrum of variants in genes responsible for the development of phenylketonuria (PKU) and hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) in patients in Russia. After a study of 25 frequent variants, 293 patients (327 chromosomes without detected variants) from among 1265 probands still had ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00461-w
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is abundant evidence showing that repeated use of MDMA (3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, ecstasy) has been associated with depression, anxiety and deficits in learning and memory, suggesting detrimental effects on hippocampus. Adenosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside that has a neuromodulatory role in the...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-012-9334-6
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic neuroinflammation is strongly associated with AD and altered peripheral and central levels of chemokines and cytokines have been frequently described in those with AD. Given the increasing evidence of ethnicity-related differences in AD, it was of interest to determine if those altered chemokine and cytokine l...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00512-2
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxic-ischemia (HI) is a widely used animal model to mimic the preterm or perinatal sublethal hypoxia, including hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. It causes diffuse neurodegeneration in the brain and results in mental retardation, hyperactivity, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and neuroendocrine disturbances. Herein, we exa...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9816-z
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0310-7
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9515-6
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1021941414605
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke is an increasingly prevalent clinical condition and second leading cause of death globally. The present study evaluated the therapeutic potential of Indian Ginseng, also known as Withania somnifera (WS), supplementation on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced mitochondrial dysfunctions in experimenta...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-018-0234-2
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the past 35 years, the outlook for a patient presenting with acute liver failure (ALF) has changed beyond all recognition. A patient presenting in 1984 had an 80 % likelihood of succumbing to intracranial hypertension. Today due to dramatic improvements in intensive care in dedicated liver transplant units, this ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-012-9363-1
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) leads to increased oxidative stress in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and in animal models of PKU. Early diagnosis and immediate adherence to a phenylalanine-restricted diet prevents HPA and, consequently, severe brain damage. However, treated adolescent and adult PKU patients have dif...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-013-9414-2
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9574-8
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0103-4
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-013-9417-z
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue methylmalonic acid (MMA) accumulation is the biochemical hallmark of methylmalonic acidemia. Clinically, the disease is characterized by progressive neurological deterioration and renal failure, whose pathophysiology is still undefined. In the present study we investigated the effect of acute MMA administration...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-013-9396-0
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aberrant brain functional connectivity has been considered as the important mechanism underlying minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE); however, little is known about the change in interhemispheric connection in MHE patients. Twenty patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and MHE and 15 healthy controls were included in th...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9505-8
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9521-8
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020606607729
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-019-00400-9
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
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更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The availability of an animal model is crucial in studying the pathophysiological mechanisms of disease and to test possible therapies. Now, there are several models for the study of liver diseases, but there still remains a lack of a satisfactory animal model of chronic liver disease with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) ...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11011-005-7925-1
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9804-3
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia is known to be associated with metabolic disturbances including diabetes mellitus, obesity and cardiovascular diseases. A growing body of evidence has suggested abnormal cytokine levels in schizophrenia. In the present study, we explored the effects of low-grade chronic inflammation on behavioral stereot...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-014-9630-4
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies have shown that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). It is suggested that omega-3 (ω3) fatty acids are fundamental to maintaining the functional integrity of the central nervous system. The animal model used in this study displayed fenproporex-induced hyperactivity, a s...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9942-7
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of sertraline, haloperidol or olanzapine administration on ketamine-induced behaviours in mice were examined. The aim was to ascertain the degree of reversal of such behaviours by sertraline, and compare its effectiveness to haloperidol and olanzapine. Ten-week old mice (N = 120) were equally divided into main...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-017-0031-3
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report treatment outcome of eleven patients with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy caused by pathogenic variants in ALDH7A1 (PDE-ALDH7A1). We developed a clinical severity score to compare phenotype with biochemical features, genotype and delays in the initiation of pyridoxine. Clinical severity score included 1) globa...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-016-9933-8
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclic AMP is part of an endogenous mechanism that downregulates inflammatory response, and its intracellular concentration is regulated chiefly by cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases type 4. The goal of the present study was to determine whether phosphodiesterases 4 are involved in the inflammatory response of astro...
journal_title：Metabolic brain disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11011-009-9150-9
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
