Abstract:
:In the brain hyperammonemia interferes with ion homeostasis, membrane potentials, neurotransmission, and neurotransmitter recycling and reduces metabolic rates for oxygen and glucose. Because, cerebral blood flow (CBF) is closely coupled to metabolism, CBF is most often reduced in diseases associated with hyperammonemia. However, in severe cases of hyperammonemia, as in patients with acute liver failure, Reye's syndrome, and inherited metabolic disorders of the urea cycle, the normal regulation of CBF is also impaired. One of the most prominent findings is a failure of CBF autoregulation that uncouples metabolism from CBF. Clinically failure of autoregulation may imply that both cerebral hypoxia and hyperaemia may develop in the patient depending on the driving pressure of the brain, i.e., cerebral perfusion pressure. In addition a gradual "nonreactive" dilatation of the cerebral arterioles often aggravates the mismatch between nutritive demands and delivery in the brain. The reason for arteriolar dilation and homogeneous capillary blood flow is not settled but seems not to be mediated by excessive release of nitro oxide. More likely the arachidonic acid cascade with increased synthesis of prostaglandins, cytochrome P450 metabolites, and potassium channel activation are implicated in this vasodilatation. The combination of cerebral hyperaemia, increased hydrostatic capillary blood pressure, and accumulation of organic and nonorganic osmolytes within the brain during hyperammonemia clearly will favor cerebral capillary water influx. This imbalance between colloid osmotic and hydrostatic pressures in patients with severe hyperammonemia means that simple interventions based on physiological principles may help ameliorate cerebral hyperaemia and water influx. Thus, it is suggested that not only monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion are pivotal to help prevent high ICP but also basic clinical information, such as Tp, PaCO2, and plasma sodium/glucose concentrations, should be closely followed and corrected.
journal_name
Metab Brain Disjournal_title
Metabolic brain diseaseauthors
Larsen FSdoi
10.1023/a:1021941414605subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-12-01 00:00:00pages
229-35issue
4eissn
0885-7490issn
1573-7365journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Statins or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors have been shown to be effective at lowering cholesterol levels, and the application of these molecules has gradually emerged as an attractive therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases. Epidemiological studies suggest that statin use is associated with a decreased incid...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0091-4
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tyrosinemia type II is an inborn error of metabolism caused by a deficiency in hepatic cytosolic aminotransferase. Affected patients usually present a variable degree of mental retardation, which may be related to the level of plasma tyrosine. In the present study we evaluated effect of chronic administration of L-tyr...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-014-9615-3
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abstract::The associations of levels of apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B and ApoB/A1 ratio and risk of a first stroke have not been reliably documented. We performed a meta-analysis to summarize the relationships and confirmed them in a case-control study. We identified relevant publications in PubMed and Embase d...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9732-7
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-9977-4
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a demyelinating condition affecting not only the pontine base, but also involving other brain areas. It usually occurs on a background of chronic systemic illness, and is commonly observed in individuals with alcoholism, malnutrition and liver disease. Studies carried out 25-30 ye...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The permeability of the blood-brain barrier to glutamate was measured by quantitative autoradiography in brains of 7-day-old rats (average plasma glutamate 114 microM) and rats injected subcutaneously with glutamate (average plasma glutamate 2,670 microM). Measurements of glutamate permeability were initiated by the i...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-012-9334-6
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current data on the neurotrophic effects of steroid hormones suggest that, in brain and spinal cord regions containing receptor systems, steroids act at the level of RNA and protein synthesis to effect metabolic changes associated with nerve-cell survival, elaboration/maintenance of dendritic and axonal processes, syn...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01001350
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mild hypothermia (32 degrees C-35 degrees C) reduces intracranial pressure in patients with acute liver failure and may offer an effective adjunct therapy in the management of these patients. Studies in experimental animals suggest that this beneficial effect of hypothermia is the result of a decrease in blood-brain a...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1021982523691
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic liver disease (CLD) leads to a spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders named hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Even though brain energy metabolism is believed to be altered in chronic HE, few studies have explored energy metabolism in CLD-induced HE, and their findings were inconsistent. The aim of this study was to...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9715-8
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is the earliest form of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and affects up to 80 % of patients with liver cirrhosis. By definition, MHE is characterized by psychomotor slowing and subtle cognitive deficits, but obvious clinical manifestations are lacking. Given its covert nature, MHE is o...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9848-4
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial evidence demonstrated that maternal dietary nutrients can significantly determine the susceptibility to developing metabolic disorders in the offspring. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the later-life effects of maternal and postweaning diets interaction on epigenetic modification of the central nervous ...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9678-9
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic exposure to stress amplifies locomotor deficits and exacerbates dopamine neuron loss in an animal model for Parkinson's disease. The release of neurotrophic factors such as glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) following neuronal injury attenuates exacerbated degeneration...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-9988-1
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impaired insulin signaling has been recognized as a common pathogenetic mechanism between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the progression of AD, brain is characterized by defective insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and increased oxidative stress. Thymol, a monoterpene phenol isolated from medicinal he...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9921-z
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::D-glycerate 2 kinase (DGK) is an enzyme that mediates the conversion of D-glycerate, an intermediate metabolite of serine and fructose metabolism, to 2-phosphoglycerate. Deficiency of DGK leads to accumulation of D-glycerate in various tissues and its massive excretion in urine. D-glyceric aciduria (DGA) is an autosom...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11011-019-0384-x
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s11011-013-9414-2
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lifetime prevalence rate for major depressive disorder (MDD) is approximately 17 % for most developed countries around the world. Dietary polyphenols are currently used as an adjuvant therapy to accelerate the therapeutic efficacy on depression. Ferulic acid (FA) or 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-cinnamic acid (Fig. 1a) is a...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-015-9704-y
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate neurotoxicity was studied in primary neuronal cultures prepared from rat cerebral cortex and hippocampal CA1 sector. Neurons were cultivated with 5% native horse serum and then exposed to 0.1 or 1.0 mM glutamate for 5 min. Subsequently, neurons were allowed to recover for 24 hours either in the presence or i...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02098880
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-020-00615-1
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-013-9380-8
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9797-y
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0128-8
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (tBCCAO), followed by reperfusion, is a model of transient global hypoperfusion. In the present study we aimed to investigate the probable effects of Vanillic acid (VA) on some physiological parameters including cerebral hyperemia, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruptio...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-018-0187-5
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the current era, plants are frequently tested for its antidepressant potential. Therefore young coconut water, a commonly used plant based beverage, was selected to explore its antidepressant potential. Rodents were selected for this study and forced swim test was conducted to explore antidepressant activity. Analy...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-016-9866-2
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep disturbances are prevalent among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and often precede the onset and progression of dementia. However, there are no reliable animal models for investigating sleep disturbances in patients with sporadic AD (sAD), which accounts for more than 90% of all AD cases. In the present s...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0125-y
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-019-00474-5
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium (Cd) exposure leads to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are associated with Cd-induced neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) have high bioavailability and antioxidant activities so it attracted wide spread attention. The present study examined the possible ameliora...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s11011-017-0053-x
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s11011-019-00406-3
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020753629477
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult-onset type II citrullinemia (CTLN2), characterized by a liver-specific deficiency of urea cycle enzyme, argininosuccinate synthetase, is caused by mutations in SLC25A13 that encodes a calcium binding mitochondrial solute carrier protein, citrin. Citrin deficiency causes not only CTLN2 but also neonatal intrahepa...
journal_title:Metabolic brain disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1023/a:1021961919148
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00