Abstract：
:To understand the biophysical mechanism(s) underlying the induction of cell death by the decay of the Auger electron emitter iodine-125 in DNA, Chinese hamster V79 lung fibroblasts were labeled with 5-[(125)I]iodo-2'-deoxyuridine ((125)IdU) for two doubling times and frozen and stored at -135 degrees C in the presence of 0.26-3.0 M dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which acts simultaneously as a cryoprotector and a hydroxyl radical scavenger. After the accumulation of (125)I decays, the cells were defrosted and their survival was determined. Within the range of the number of decays examined (up to 470 disintegrations per cell), the survival curves are exponential. The dependence of the D(37) on DMSO concentration is triphasic and seems to reach a plateau at approximately 1.3 M. By extrapolating to infinite DMSO concentration, we estimate the D(37) for maximal hydroxyl radical scavenging to be 411 +/- 36 disintegrations per cell. To determine the D(37) in the absence of DMSO, we extrapolate the D(37) curve to zero concentration, and a D(37) of 54 +/- 5 disintegrations per cell is obtained. The maximal dose modification factor, calculated as the ratio of the D(37) at infinite DMSO concentration (i.e. direct effects only) to the D(37) at zero DMSO concentration (i.e. direct and indirect effects), is 7.6 +/- 1.0. By inference, approximately 90% of the radiotoxic effects of DNA-incorporated (125)I are due to indirect mechanisms.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Walicka MA,Ding Y,Adelstein SJ,Kassiss AIdoi
10.1667/0033-7587(2000)154[0326:todiiq]2.0.co;2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-01 00:00:00pages
326-30issue
3eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404journal_volume
154pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The goal of this study was to make a comparison between stereotactic brachytherapy implants and linear accelerator-based radiosurgery of brain tumors with respect to physical dose distributions and radiobiological efficacy. Twenty-four treatment plans made for irradiation of brain tumors with low-dose-rate (125)I brac...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3529.1
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We show here that the arrests of cells in G2 phase of the cell cycle induced by either staurosporine or ionizing radiation are closely related phenomena governed by a common kinase signaling pathway. The protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine induces a complete G2-phase arrest in exponentially growing TK6 human lympho...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of sodium bisulfite, a specific inhibitor of chromatin proteolysis, on radiation damage in rat thymocytes in vitro was examined. Rat thymocytes irradiated with 1 kR X rays in vitro were incubated at 37 degrees C with 10 mM glucose for 4 to 6 hr. During that time development of interphase death as judged by ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiogenesis defines the many steps involved in the growth and migration of endothelial cell-derived blood vessels. This process is necessary for the growth and metastasis of tumors, and considerable effort is being expended to find inhibitors of tumor angiogenesis. This usually involves screening of potential anti-an...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0171:rdaion]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lineal energy distribution and several other dosimetric parameters were measured for the neutrons emitted from a replica of the Hiroshima bomb to determine their usefulness in biological experiments designed to estimate the effectiveness of actual Hiroshima neutrons. The "Little-Boy" replica (LBR) was constructed ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The survival of synchronous G1 or asynchronous Chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro to heat treatment may depend on the cellular population density at the time of heating and/or as the cells are cultured after heating. The addition of lethally irradiated feeder cells may increase survival at 10(-3) by as much as 10- t...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-human primate has been a useful model for studies of human acute radiation syndrome (ARS). However, to date structural changes in various parts of the intestine after total body irradiation (TBI) have not been systematically studied in this model. Here we report on our current study of TBI-induced intestinal s...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14191.1
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A formalism developed in the first paper in this series, based on the generalized Theory of Dual Radiation Action, is applied to survival data for cells exposed to soft X rays. It is shown that, in contrast to previous published analyses, this formalism--modified to account for the attenuation of dose across the sensi...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The German Thorotrast study comprises 2,326 patients and 1,890 controls. Forty-eight Thorotrast patients and 239 controls are still alive and are invited for a follow-up examination every 2 years. In the deceased patients, the following neoplastic diseases with excess rates were registered (Thorotrast/controls): liver...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure of humans and rodents to radiofrequency (RF) cell phone fields has been reported to alter a number of stress- related parameters. To study this potential relationship in more detail, tube-restrained immobilized Fischer 344 rats were exposed in the near field in a dose-dependent manner to pulse-modulated (11 p...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0584:eoiace]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These assessment of the consequences of irradiation on chromatin is complicated by endogenous nucleases. Isolation and prolonged storage of rat liver nuclei in buffers containing divalent metal ions activates these enzymes and promotes the degradation of chromatin. Irradiation of rat liver nuclei to dose levels of 20,...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The electroporation of restriction enzymes into mammalian cells results in DNA double-strand breaks that can lead to chromosome aberrations. Four chemicals known to interfere with cellular responses to DNA damage were investigated for their effects on chromosome aberrations induced by AluI and Sau3AI; in addition, the...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of ionizing radiation on the survival of bovine aortic endothelial (BAE) cells was determined by the in vitro colony formation method. The BAE cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% calf serum, antibiotics, and growth factors obtained from the culture of mouse...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many studies have demonstrated the effect of oncogene transfection on the radiation sensitivity of primary rat embryo fibroblasts. Our results indicate that transformation by H-ras plus v-myc oncogenes confers radiation resistance to a much greater extent than transformation by either gene alone. We have further shown...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal human fibroblasts in plateau phase ( congruent with 95% G(1) phase) were stained with the vital nuclear dye Hoechst 33342 (blue fluorescence) or the vital cytoplasmic dye Cell Tracker Orange (orange fluorescence) and plated at a ratio of 1:1. Only the blue-fluorescing nuclei were microbeam-irradiated with a def...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3236
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of oxygen-deficient tumor cells is a critical issue in cancer therapy. To identify tumor hypoxia, tissue partial oxygen pressure (pO2) can be measured directly. The OxyLite system allows determination of pO2 in tumors and permits continuous measurements of pO2 at a fixed point. In this study, this system ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3602.1
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The LD50 of 46 salts of metals and rare earths (lanthanoids) was determined in mice. Half the LD50 of the compounds was then combined with lethal radiation (10.5 Gy) and the modification of survival time was scored. Only the metals beryllium and indium and the rare earths cerium, lanthanum and scandium displayed activ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pregnant Wistar-MS rats received a whole-body irradiation of 0-2.6 Gy gamma rays at day 20 of pregnancy. The mother rats were implanted with a diethylstilbestrol (DES) pellet 30 days after weaning, and the female pups delivered by the irradiated mother were treated with DES after maturation. Lactating rats were irradi...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a new detection method for measuring distributions of energy depositions from particles characterized by low linear energy transfers (LETs). In particular, we have developed a detection system to measure energy depositions produced by electrons and photons on nanometer scales. The detector is based u...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons are essential components of neural circuits and provide brain function organization. We previously reported that X irradiation induces apoptosis in immature neurons. To the best of our knowledge, there have been few reports investigating the effects of X irradiation on mature neurons. We analyzed the effects o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3098.1
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An in vitro assay was used to assess cell killing and induction of neoplastic transformation in C3H 10T1/2 cells exposed to X rays and a range of monoenergetic neutrons administered at various dose rates. Curves for cell survival and induction of neoplastic transformation showed nonlinearity for cells exposed to acute...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The statistical distribution of the number of ion pairs per ionizing event in a small volume simulating a tissue sphere was obtained by applying the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm to experimental spectra measured by exposing a Rossi-type spherical proportional counter to gamma radiation. The normalized experi...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we sought to determine how diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) features are associated with histopathological results, and explored the cellular mechanisms of DWI and 1H-MRS in early radiosensitivity of transplanted liver tumors. VX2 tumors were implanted...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15140.1
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a patient with Morbus Hodgkin, structural aberrations of the chromosome type in peripheral lymphocytes were analyzed during radiation therapy (accumulated target dose 44.6 Gy: 22 fractions of 1.8 Gy each and 2 fractions of 2.5 Gy each at the end of the therapy). The blood was sampled about 5 min after a fraction an...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The late effects of heavy-ion irradiation on the spinal cord of the rat were investigated histologically and morphometrically. After a single exposure of each animal's lower thoracic and lumbar spinal cord to a carbon-ion beam, the animals were observed clinically for up to 69 weeks and their spinal cords were examine...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Relatively few data are available on the prevalence of hyperthyroidism (TSH concentrations of <0.3 mIU/liter, with normal or elevated concentrations of free T4) in individuals exposed to radioiodines at low levels. The accident at the Chornobyl (Chernobyl) nuclear plant in Ukraine on April 26, 1986 exposed large numbe...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2003.1
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast tissue is very susceptible to radiation-induced carcinogenesis, and mammary stem/progenitor cells are potentially important targets of this. The mammary epithelium is maintained as two mostly independent lineages of luminal and basal cells. To elucidate their immediate radiation responses, we analyzed the mamma...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15566.1
更新日期：2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Human keratinocytes show a bystander effect when exposed to low doses of low-LET radiation. In this paper, data are presented showing a method of correcting the overall survival curve to enable analysis of the relative contributions of the bystander effect and the effect attributable to direct interaction of the radia...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0508:rcobat]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytoglobin is a recently identified vertebrate globin whose functions include scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrosative species. In tumor cells, CYGB may function as a tumor suppressor gene. Here we show that knockdown of cytoglobin expression can sensitize human glioma cells to oxidative stress induced by chemical i...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr2517.1
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The (11)B(p,alpha)(8)Be* nuclear reaction was assessed for its ability to quantitatively map the in vivo subcellular distribution of boron within gliosarcomas treated with a boronated neutron capture therapy agent. Intracranial 9L gliosarcomas were produced in Fischer 344 rats. Fourteen days later, the majority of the...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3085
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
