Abstract:
:Soman is an organophosphorus (OP) compound which irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the primary synaptic inactivator of acetylcholine. Resultant excessive cholinergic activity elicits generalized convulsions and brain lesions. Recent evidence suggests that other neurotransmitter/neuromodulator systems may be affected by the OP compounds as well. Since we have shown that both electrically and chemically induced seizures cause significant and prolonged increases in the neuropeptide thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in epileptogenic sites, we examined soman-induced convulsion effects on CNS TRH. Rats were injected with either soman (100 microg/kg SC; equivalent to 0.9 LD50) or saline and observed for convulsive activity. Forty-eight hours post injection, dramatic increases of TRH over control levels were seen in frontal cortex (30-fold), pooled cortex (24-fold), hippocampus (16-fold), piriform cortex (14-fold), entorhinal cortex (11-fold), and amygdala (2-fold). No change was observed in either hypothalamus or pituitary. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, a substantial effect of an OP on a specific neuropeptide system in vivo. The neurochemical and behavioral consequences of the soman-induced increases in TRH, especially in the frontal cortex, are presently unknown. Clearly, much more work is required to discern the exact role TRH has following soman exposure.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Kubek MJ,Shih TM,Meyerhoff JLdoi
10.1016/s0006-8993(96)01315-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-02-07 00:00:00pages
328-31issue
2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
S0006-8993(96)01315-7journal_volume
747pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Subtypes of muscarinic receptors were characterized in the frontal cortices of control and Alzheimer brains, with labelled quinuclidinyl benzilate [3H]QNB and the unlabelled muscarinic antagonists pirenzepine, AF-DX 116, hexahydro-sila-diphenidol (HHSiD), para-fluoro-hexahydro-sila-diphenidol (p-F-HHSiD) and himbacine...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91541-l
更新日期:1992-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to investigate whether β-amyloid (Aβ) was able to enhance neurocan expression in a Sox9 dependent manner in astrocytes. METHODS AND MATERIALS:Astrocytes were incubated with Aβ at different concentrations, the expression of Sox9 and neurocan was detected by Western blot assay. Meanwhile, the ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.06.010
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neural connections from the ventral pallidum (VP) through the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MD) to the medial prefrontal cortex (MPC) were investigated. Extracellular recordings were made from 219 neurons in the medial and lateral portions of the MD and the VP and the MPC were stimulated. The most frequent ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90811-x
更新日期:1985-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::To learn whether there are developmental changes in salt and acid taste responses from the posterior tongue, we recorded from the glossopharyngeal nerve, which innervates taste buds in circumvallate papillae, in sheep fetuses, lambs and adults. Multifiber responses to NH4Cl, KCl, NaCl, LiCl, citric and hydrochloric ac...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0165-3806(83)90205-5
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amnestic type mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) refers to a transitional stage between normal aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whilst posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is believed to have a key role in a default network and be involved in the pathophysiology of AD, few studies have investigated whole-brain functional...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.028
更新日期:2009-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the bilateral organization of the descending spinal sympathetic projections that subserve adrenomedullary stimulation caused by insulin hypoglycemia or 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) cellular glucopenia in adult rats with right-sided hemisection of the cord at C6-C7 (i.e. above the site of origin of the adrenal ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)90315-4
更新日期:1985-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::Diverse neuropsychiatric diseases were recently linked to specific anti-neuronal autoantibodies targeting synaptic proteins. Symptoms can range from epileptic seizures to cognitive impairment to movement disorders, commonly responding to treatment with immunotherapy. Several of these autoantibodies target inhibitory s...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2018.09.009
更新日期:2018-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Increased permeability of the brain-blood barrier (BBB) in the piriform cortex (PC) has been reported in various animal models of temporal lobe epilepsy. Since BBB disruption induced by epileptogenic insult has not fully clarified, we attempted to determine whether changes in BBB-related molecules are associated with ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.10.080
更新日期:2011-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::Albino rats received 10 s of sub-seizure electrical stimulation applied to the dentate gyrus granule cells immediately after acquisition of information on trial 1 of a 2-trial radial maze spatial memory task. Granule cell stimulation selectively reduced the probability of accessing information held in declarative memo...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90166-5
更新日期:1984-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT(1A)R) agonists have emerged as valuable supplements to l-DOPA therapy, demonstrating that they can decrease side effects and enhance motor function in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD) and human PD patients. The precise mechanism by which these receptors act remains unknown and ther...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2007.05.005
更新日期:2007-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) develop severe hypertension and cerebrovascular lesions. We investigated the influence of dietary supplementation with L-arginine, an amino acid precursor of endothelium-derived nitric oxide, on blood pressure and stroke in these rats. L-Arginine, administered in th...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90482-b
更新日期:1991-05-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is unclear whether spinal cord stimulation (SCS) at higher frequencies induces further increases in vasodilation and enhances clinical efficacy. OBJECTIVES:This study investigated effects of SCS at both a normal frequency (as used clinically) and two higher frequencies on peripheral vasodilation. METHOD...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.11.072
更新日期:2010-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::A motor disorder similar to idiopathic Parkinson's Disease develops in rhesus monkeys after several daily repeated doses of N-methyl-4-phenyl, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). The concentrations of peptides derived from proenkephalin A, proenkephalin B, substance P and somatostatin were measured by specific radioimm...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90133-1
更新日期:1984-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously described a rodent model of brief (30 min) middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion, in which infarction develops gradually, reaching completion more than 3 days after ischemia, accompanied by morphological, biochemical, and pharmacological evidence of apoptosis. In the present study...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02822-0
更新日期:2001-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular events associated with mnemonic processes and neuronal plasticity are postulated to result in functional changes in synaptic structure. One possible site is the post-synaptic density, where activity-dependent changes modulate signal transduction cascades. In this report, we detail spatial-temporal changes fo...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.02.023
更新日期:2005-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::In anaesthetized, spontaneously breathing cats and dogs, extracellular recordings were made of the spontaneous activities of 28 single neurones with cardiac rhythm. It was confirmed by histological examination that the neurones were situated in the mediodorsal portion of the nucleus of the solitary tract. Different di...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(77)90049-x
更新日期:1977-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::BW 1003C87, 5-(2,3,5-trichlorophenyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidine ethane sulphonic acid, has been tested for its in vitro and in vivo effects on glutamate release in rat brain tissue, and for its cerebro-protective action in two rodent models of cerebral ischemia. In rat brain slices the release of glutamate evoked by verat...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91254-c
更新日期:1992-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured in neurons, acutely dissociated from the rat dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), with the fluorescent calcium probe Fluo3. Nociceptin (300 nM) had no effect on resting [Ca2+]i but reduced the magnitude of the [Ca2+]i transient triggered by depolarization in 90% of neuron...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(99)01965-4
更新日期:1999-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::The intracellular pH, 7.54 +/- 0.03 (mean +/- S.D., n = 15), determined with the Neutral red method, of the hippocampal brain slice preparation under baseline incubation conditions is considerably more alkaline than the bath buffer pH. Neutralization by amiloride suggests that the alkalinity was due to Na+/H+ exchange...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00512-4
更新日期:1996-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Single cell recordings were made from neurons in the lateral tegmental field of the medulla (LTFM) during electrical stimulation of the hypothalamic defense area (HDA) of the rabbit. Fifty-four cells were inhibited by HDA stimulation; 23 of these cells received barosensory input. Twenty-two LTFM cells showed an increa...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(91)90738-h
更新日期:1991-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine which myelinated cutaneous receptor populations in cat are responsive to a stimulus (cowhage) that produces unambiguous pruritus in human subjects. Initial experiments using electrocutaneous stimuli demonstrated that fibers conducting as slowly as 1.5 m/s could be recorded fr...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(87)90156-9
更新日期:1987-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies, which have shown an increase of plasma vasopressin (VP) in experimental motion sickness and the efficacy of VP antagonists for motion sickness, suggest an important role of VP in the development of vestibulo-autonomic responses. We have recently found evidence of the co-existence of vasopressinergic ne...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02799-8
更新日期:2001-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Intrinsic membrane properties, voltage-dependent sodium and voltage-dependent potassium currents of area postrema neurons in culture have been characterized with respect to their voltage dependence, time dependence and sensitivity to specific blocking agents. The area postrema is a hindbrain circumventricular organ wh...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(95)01159-5
更新日期:1995-12-24 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothesis that protein kinase C activation can modulate excitatory amino acid-induced dopamine release was tested by investigating effects of phorbol esters, direct activators of protein kinase C, on dopamine release stimulated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA sub-types of excitatory amino acid agonist...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)90818-t
更新日期:1992-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::Collagen is one of the best materials used for nerve guide preparation due to its biocompatibility and desirable tensile strength. In this work, we have compared regeneration and functional reinnervation after sciatic nerve resection with bioresorbable crosslinked collagen guides in 10 mm gap. The crosslinking was car...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2005.03.022
更新日期:2005-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work, using membrane receptor binding techniques, demonstrated an increase in hippocampal MK-801 binding sites in mice after chronic ethanol ingestion. The current studies, using quantitative autoradiography, demonstrate that chronic ethanol ingestion also produces increases in MK-801 binding in cerebral cort...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::An expanding body of data has indicated that the seizure prone state in genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPRs) is partially caused by deficits in central nervous system noradrenergic transmission. Several lines of evidence suggest that the noradrenergic terminals in the superior colliculus (SC) may act as determinant...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01139-6
更新日期:1998-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to show that space perception depends on sensori-motor experience. We induced spatial biases by a non-conflictual lateralized sensori-motor task on twenty seven right-handed healthy volunteers (left-to-right readers). After a pre-test and before a post-test, which assessed visuo-motor ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.01.021
更新日期:2008-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Altered expression of neurotrophins may contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Several studies suggest sex steroid hormones may be involved in the regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, as well as the symptoms of schizophrenia. This study aimed to identify sex differences in BDNF-T...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2011.01.060
更新日期:2011-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal seizure has adverse effects on brain histology as well as on learning and memory ability in progeny. An enriched environment (EE) is known to promote structural changes in the brain and improve cognitive and motor deficits following a variety of brain injuries. Whether EE treatment in early postnatal periods ...
journal_title:Brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.06.034
更新日期:2012-08-27 00:00:00