Abstract：
:This study reports a morphological, skeletal, and molecular characterization of the supernumerary limbs induced by systemic administration of all-trans retinoic acid to egg-cylinder stage mouse embryos. As initially described by Rutledge et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 5436, 1994), we have found that oral administration of all-trans retinoic acid (70 mg/kg body weight) at 5.5 days postcoitum induced the formation of supernumerary limbs. Most often, these arose as a pair of extra buds located caudally and ventrally to the normal (orthotopic) hindlimb buds without duplication of the lower body axis. The resulting one or two supernumerary hindlimbs were connected to an imperfectly mirror-image-duplicated pelvic girdle. Variable truncations of the stylopodium and zeugopodium skeleton, as well as abnormal splitting of the distal skeleton, were frequently observed. The apical ectodermal ridge of the extra limb buds expressed expected growth factor genes. However, an ectopic anterior expression of Sonic hedgehog and Hoxd-13 was seen in the supernumerary buds, suggesting that these buds would incorporate potential polarizing cells of the hindlimb or genital field and generate an ectopic polarizing zone. This is consistent with the reverse orientation of most supernumerary limbs at later stages. Some of the buds did not express limb-specific markers and were thus expected to degenerate or form nonlimb structures, as observed in an adult specimen. Less frequently, extra limb buds with normal polarity were associated to a duplicated lower body axis. Retinoic acid also generated a novel type of duplication in which "twin" hindlimbs with two parallel apical ectodermal ridges and zones of polarizing activity arose on one side of the embryo.
journal_name
Dev Bioljournal_title
Developmental biologyauthors
Niederreither K,Ward SJ,Dollé P,Chambon Pdoi
10.1006/dbio.1996.0126subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-15 00:00:00pages
185-98issue
2eissn
0012-1606issn
1095-564Xpii
S0012-1606(96)90126-8journal_volume
176pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Immunological approaches were used to characterize an antigen that is present within the cortical granules of mouse oocytes and eggs. Immunoelectron microscopy shows a specific localization of the antigen to the cortical granules in the cortex of mouse oocytes and eggs. Following in vitro fertilization, the antigen is...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(90)90392-v
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is thought to play a role in the formation of the vertebrate nervous system. In mammals and chicken, it is known that more than 100 different forms of the NCAM protein can be generated by alternative splicing of one primary transcript and it is possible that these different for...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(92)90276-m
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sea urchin eggs secrete a serine protease activity, CGSP1, at fertilization that is essential for the block to polyspermy. Several targets of this proteolytic activity on the plasma membrane were identified here using a cell surface biotinylation approach. Amino acid microsequencing of one of these proteins led to the...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2004.03.043
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mouse Otlx2 gene is a new member of the paired-like family of homeobox genes whose human homologue, RIEG, is involved in Rieger syndrome, an autosomal-dominant disorder. One of the cardinal features of Rieger syndrome is dental hypoplasia, indicating that Otlx2/RIEG activity is essential for normal tooth developme...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1997.8672
更新日期：1997-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the ability of growing dictyate oocytes and early preimplantation embryos of the mouse to process extrachromosomal DNA molecules with free ends by intranuclearly microinjecting DNA fragments containing a region of homology of various extent at either the 5' or 3' terminus. Homologous recombination...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.2001.0199
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are important modulators of growth factor signaling in a variety of patterning processes. Secreted growth factors that play critical roles in angiogenesis bind to heparan sulfate, and this association is affected by 6-O-sulfation of the heparan sulfate chains. Addition of 6-O-sulfate is c...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.05.032
更新日期：2005-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Large steady electrical currents traverse Drosophila follicles in vitro as well as permeabilized eggs. During the period of main follicle growth (stages 9-11), these currents enter the anterior or nurse cell end of the follicles. This inward current acts like a sodium ion influx with some calcium involvement. During t...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(85)90013-2
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of fibronectin in mesoderm cell migration and and the importance of mesoderm migration for gastrulation in Xenopus are examined. To allow for migration, a stable interface must exist between migrating mesoderm cells and the cells of the substrate layer, the blastocoel roof. We show that maintenance of this in...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1996.0174
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fertilized eggs of the leech Helobdella triserialis undergo a cytoplasmic reorganization which generates domains of nonyolky cytoplasm, called teloplasm, at the animal and vegetal poles. The segregation of teloplasm to one cell of the eight-cell embryo is responsible for a unique developmental fate of that cell, i.e.,...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(89)90181-4
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mature heart valves and septa are derived from the cardiac cushions which initially form as local outgrowths of mesenchymal cells within the outflow tract and atrioventricular regions. Endocardial cells respond to signals from the overlying myocardium and undergo an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation to inva...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.2001.0284
更新日期：2001-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Completion of cytokinesis, abscission, has been studied little despite the intensive studies of the onset and contractile mechanism of the earlier phases of division. It has been well documented that microtubule (MT) disruption before furrow stimulation prevents furrowing, while MT disruption after furrow stimulation ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1999.9395
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In studies initially focused on roles of nonmuscle myosin IIA (NMIIA) in the developing mouse epidermis, we have discovered that a previously described cytokeratin 5 (K5)-Cre gene construct is expressed in early embryo development. Mice carrying floxed alleles of the nonmuscle myosin II heavy chain gene (NMHC IIA(flox...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.07.017
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on cellular differentiation of the neonatal mouse mandibular incisor was examined autoradiographically using tritiated thymidine ([3H]TDR) and tritiated proline ([3H]PRO). On days 0 (day of birth), 1, and 2, EGF was administered (3 micrograms/g body wt) sc to neonates. Mice ...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(87)90506-9
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous attempts to study sorting out of Drosophila imaginal disc cells have been hampered by an inability to thoroughly dissociate these cells and the need to use cuticular markers which require several days of in vivo culture. This study overcomes these limitations by using a new dissociation procedure and a geneti...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(85)90049-1
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the development of epithelial Na+ conductance in 6- and 7-day post coitus (p.c.) preimplantation rabbit embryos using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique on dissociated rabbit trophectodermal cells and by immunocytochemical localization using a polyclonal antibody directed against subunits of an apical ep...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(91)90289-f
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) have multiple activities in the developing spinal cord: they specify the identity of the dorsal-most neuronal populations and then direct the trajectories of dorsal interneuron (dI) 1 commissural axons. How are these activities decoded by dorsal neurons to result in different cellula...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.05.014
更新日期：2012-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We have isolated a cDNA of the DEAD protein family from a Xenopus ovary cDNA library. Northern hybridization revealed that the mRNA corresponding to the cDNA [XVLG1 (Xenopus vasa-like gene)] was specifically expressed in adult testis and ovary. The deduced amino acid sequence of XVLG1 was relatively homologous to that...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1994.1093
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates) possess skeletal muscles with unique functional and developmental features that are absent from cyclostomes-i.e., lamprey and hagfish. These gnathostome-specific traits include the epaxial and hypaxial division of myotomes, paired fin/limb muscles, shoulder girdle muscles, and the musc...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.10.029
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell proliferation, growth and survival are three different basic processes which converge at determining a fundamental property -the size of an organism. Scalloped (Sd) is the first characterised transcriptional partner to Yorkie (Yki), the downstream effector of the Hippo pathway which is a highly potential and evol...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.10.016
更新日期：2017-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Complex intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms determine neural cell fate during development of the nervous system. Using Id4 deficient mice, we show that Id4 is required for normal development of the central nervous system (CNS), timing neural differentiation in the developing forebrain. In the absence of Id4, the ventri...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2005.02.001
更新日期：2005-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Hedgehog (Hh) proteins are secreted molecules that play an essential role in development and tumorigenesis. In Drosophila cultured cells, phosphorylation of the kinesin-like Costal2 (Cos2) protein at Ser572 is triggered by the kinase fused (Fu) upon Hh pathway activation. Here, we validate the first phospho-antibody f...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.04.021
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a previous study (K.-I. Sato et al., 1999, Dev. Biol. 209, 308-320), we presented evidence that a Src-related protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK), named Xyk, may act upstream of the calcium release in fertilization of the Xenopus egg. In the present study, we examined whether PTK activation of phospholipase Cgamma (PLCga...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.2000.9782
更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Skeletal muscle fibers express members of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) gene family in a fiber-type-specific manner. In avian skeletal muscle it is the expression of the slow MyHC isoforms that most clearly distinguishes slow- from fast-contracting fiber types. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain fiber-type-s...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1997.8619
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unlike adult mammals, adult frogs regrow their optic nerve following a crush injury, making Xenopus laevis a compelling model for studying the molecular mechanisms that underlie neuronal regeneration. Using Translational Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP), a method to isolate ribosome-associated mRNAs from a target...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.06.003
更新日期：2017-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We have identified zebrafish orthologues of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and the ligand-binding component of its receptor GFRalpha1. We examined the mRNA expression pattern of these genes in the developing spinal cord primary motor neurons (PMN), kidney, and enteric nervous systems (ENS) and have...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.2000.0145
更新日期：2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Nucleostemin (NS), a member of a family of nucleolar GTP-binding proteins, is highly expressed in proliferating cells such as stem and cancer cells and is involved in the control of cell cycle progression. Both depletion and overexpression of NS result in stabilization of the tumor suppressor p53 protein in vitro. Alt...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.04.028
更新日期：2011-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:One function of the Wingless signaling pathway is to determine the naked, cuticle cell fate choice in the trunk epidermis of Drosophila larvae. The zinc finger protein Teashirt binds to the transactivator domain of Armadillo to modulate Wingless signaling output in the embryonic trunk and contributes to the naked cell...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.2001.0498
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An immunocytochemical study of cholecalcin (28-kDa calcium-binding protein, CaBP, calbindin) was carried out during the development of the rat hippocampus. In normal animals, the protein appeared from Postnatal Day 3 in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus and from Day 5 in the CA1-CA2 pyramidal cells of Ammon's hor...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0012-1606(87)90474-x
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have been studying oligodendrocyte generation in vitro to obtain insights into how the timely generation of these cells might be regulated. Our studies suggest the existence of timing mechanisms quite different from those of existing models, wherein it is proposed that timely oligodendrocyte generation is associate...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/dbio.1996.0280
更新日期：1996-11-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Type II collagen is a major component of hyaline cartilage, and has been suggested to be causally involved in promoting chondrogenesis during embryonic development. In the present study we have performed an immunohistochemical analysis of the distribution of type II collagen during several early stages of embryonic ch...
journal_title：Developmental biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0012-1606(89)80026-0
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
