Abstract：
:The basal forebrain plays important roles in arousal, learning, and memory by stimulating cortical activation characterized by rhythmic slow theta and high-frequency beta-gamma activities. Although cholinergic neurons play a significant part in these roles, other, including GABAergic, neurons appear to contribute. Using juxtacellular labeling with neurobiotin of neurons recorded within the magnocellular preoptic-substantia innominata area in urethan-anesthetized rats, we show that in addition to cells that are cholinergic or GABAergic, other cells that are neither fire rhythmically in correlation with stimulation-induced rhythmic slow activity on the cortex. Neurons with the characteristics of the noncholinergic/nonGABAergic cells contain phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG), the synthetic enzyme for transmitter glutamate and may thus be glutamatergic. Within their oscillatory spike trains, putative glutamatergic neurons fire at a lower frequency (~20 Hz) than the GABAergic neurons (~40 Hz) and the cholinergic neurons (average: 75 Hz), whose spike trains include high-frequency bursts. The three groups all discharge rhythmically at a slow frequency in correlation with rhythmic slow activity recorded on the prefrontal, entorhinal, piriform and olfactory bulb cortices. The predominant slow frequency corresponds to the respiratory-olfactory rhythm, which is commonly slower than, yet can be as fast as, the hippocampal theta rhythm during certain coordinated behaviors, such as sniffing-whisking. While stimulating higher frequency beta-gamma activities, putative glutamatergic together with GABAergic and cholinergic cells may thus collectively modulate rhythmic slow activity and thereby promote coherent processing and plasticity across distributed cortical networks during coordinated behaviors and states.
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Manns ID,Alonso A,Jones BEdoi
10.1152/jn.00938.2002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-02-01 00:00:00pages
1057-66issue
2eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The respiratory network of the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), which controls inspiratory behavior, can in normal conditions simultaneously produce two types of inspiration-related rhythmic activities: the eupneic rhythm composed of monophasic, low-amplitude, and relatively high-frequency bursts, interspersed with sig...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1152/jn.00314.2018
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensorineural hearing loss during early childhood alters auditory cortical evoked potentials in humans and profoundly changes auditory processing in hearing-impaired animals. Multiple mechanisms underlie the early postnatal establishment of cortical circuits, but one important set of developmental mechanisms relies on...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.01092.2009
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is now well recognized that muscle activity can be induced even in the paralyzed lower limb muscles of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) by imposing locomotion-like movements on both of their legs. Although the significant role of the afferent input related to hip joint movement and body load has been emphasize...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00817.2004
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The actions of hydrogen sulfide (HS-) on membrane and synaptic properties of dorsal raphe (DR) serotonergic cells were studied in the in vitro brain stem slice preparation, using intracellular sharp microelectrode and whole-cell recording techniques. 2. Sulfide produced two reversible, concentration-dependent effec...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1993.70.1.81
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated whether neurons in superficial laminae of the spinal dorsal horn respond to intracutaneous (ic) delivery of histamine and other irritant chemicals, and thus might be involved in signaling sensations of itch or chemogenic pain. Single-unit recordings were made from superficial lumbar dorsal horn ne...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.2000.84.2.616
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two of the biggest health problems facing us today are addiction to nicotine and the increased prevalence of obesity. Interestingly, nicotine attenuates obesity, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. Here we address the hypothesis that if weight-reducing actions of nicotine are mediated by anorexigenic proopiomel...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00740.2010
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During early development neuronal networks express slow oscillating synchronized activity. The activity can be driven by several, not necessarily mutually exclusive, mechanisms. Each mechanism might have distinctive consequences for the phenomenology, formation, or sustainment of the early activity pattern. Here we st...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00889.2010
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cortical activity contributes significantly to the high variability of sensory responses of interconnected pyramidal neurons, which has crucial implications for sensory coding. Yet, largely because of technical limitations of in vivo intracellular recordings, the coupling of a pyramidal neuron's synaptic inputs to the...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00398.2017
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The stiffness during the initial portion of a ramp stretch was measured in cat peroneus longus muscle at rest and during maximal tetanic contractions produced by increasing numbers of motor units of the same type [slow (S), fast fatigue resistant (FR), or fast fatigable (FF)]. 2. This initial ramp stiffness was def...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1990.64.6.1724
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Local computation in microcircuits is an essential feature of distributed information processing in vertebrate and invertebrate brains. The insect antennal lobe represents a spatially confined local network that processes high-dimensional and redundant peripheral input to compute an efficient odor code. Social insects...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00260.2013
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years a small number of studies have applied functional imaging techniques to investigate visual responses in the human superior colliculus (SC), but few have investigated its oculomotor functions. Here, in two experiments, we examined activity associated with endogenous saccade preparation. We used 3-T fMRI...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00825.2014
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The normal development and the capacity to calibrate gaze-stabilizing systems may depend on normal vision during infancy. At the end of 1 yr of dark rearing, cats have gaze-stabilizing deficits similar to that of the newborn human infant including decreased monocular optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) in the nasal to tempora...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.2001.86.2.651
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many neurophysiological experiments involving monkeys require that the head be stabilized while the animal performs a task. Often a post is attached to the skull to accomplish this goal, using a headcap formed from dental acrylic. We describe a new headpost, developed by refinement of several prototypes, and supply an...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00102.2007
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Injection of glutamate into the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsule can reflexly induce a prolonged increase in the electromyographic (EMG) activity of the jaw muscles, however, the characteristics of TMJ afferents activated by glutamate have not been investigated. In the present study, we examined the effect of...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.2001.85.6.2446
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a quantitative analysis of the visual response properties of single neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of wild-type C57Bl/6J mice. Extracellular recordings were made from single dLGN cells in mice under halothane and nitrous oxide anesthesia. After mapping the receptive fields (RFs) of ...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00699.2003
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Simultaneous, whole-cell recordings were obtained from synaptically coupled photoreceptor/bipolar cell pairs, by the use of direct visualization in a superfused, mudpuppy retinal slice preparation. 2. OFF-bipolar cells (BPs) generated sign-conserving responses when extrinsic current was injected into rods and cones...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1993.69.2.352
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The rostromesial agranular frontal cortex of macaque monkey (Macaca fuscata), traditionally defined as the supplementary motor area (SMA), was studied using various physiological techniques to delineate two different areas rostrocaudally. 2. Field and unitary responses to electrical stimulation of the primary motor...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1992.68.3.653
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are fundamental coincidence detectors of synaptic activity necessary for the induction of synaptic plasticity and synapse stability. Adjusting NMDAR synaptic content, whether by receptor insertion or lateral diffusion between extrasynaptic and synaptic compartments, could play a...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00458.2019
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The discharge patterns of 359 single neurons in the hand representation of primary somatosensory cortex (SI) of two monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were recorded during the performance of a passive texture discrimination task with the contralateral hand (104 in area 3b, 149 in area 1, and 106 in area 2). Three nyloprint s...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1996.76.5.3382
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the characteristics of heterosynaptic long-term depression (LTD) and depotentiation of previously established long-term potentiation (LTP) in the medial and lateral entorhinal afferents to the dentate gyrus in the awake rat. Rats were prepared for chronic recording of dentate gyrus evoked potentials to act...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1997.77.2.571
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of potassium channels in regulating spontaneous firing and sound-evoked responses in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus was studied by recording single-unit activity before and during iontophoretic application of a nonspecific potassium channel blocker, tetraethylammonium (TEA). Tone bursts and si...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00730.2003
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The functional maturation of cuneate neurons was studied using reproducible tactile stimulation procedures and quantitative assessment of coding capacities in anesthetized (N2O/O2 plus barbiturate infusion) or decerebrate cats from six different age groups; neonatal (1-5 days), 10-15, 25-30, 55-63, and 83-90 days, and...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1984.52.1.86
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine how cat spinal motoneurons integrate the synaptic currents generated by the concurrent activation of large groups of presynaptic neurons. We obtained intracellular recordings from cat triceps surae motoneurons and measured the effects of repetitive activity in different sets of pre...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.2000.83.1.483
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycinergic and GABAergic inhibition are juxtaposed at one retinal synaptic layer yet likely perform different functions. These functions have usually been evaluated using receptor antagonists. In examining retinal glycine receptors, we were surprised to find that commonly used concentrations of GABA antagonists block...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.01228.2004
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effective connectivity between cortical areas decreases during slow wave sleep. This decline can be observed in the reduced interareal propagation of activity evoked either directly in cortex by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) or by sensory stimulation. We present here a large-scale model of the thalamocortica...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00059.2009
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We recorded single cell activities in the caudate nucleus of the monkeys trained to perform a series of visuomotor tasks. In the first part of this paper, we summarize the types and locations of neurons in the monkey caudate nucleus. In the second part, we report the characteristics of neurons related to saccadic e...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1989.61.4.780
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Electron microscope studies using ruthenium red, horseradish peroxidase, and colloidal lanthanum disclosed a feature characteristic of the snake spindle capsule: it consists of a single layer of flattened cells connected in series, each of which forms a cylinder enclosing the intrafusal fiber. 2. In intact spindles...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1982.47.5.810
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method is presented based on trinary logic able to check the state of different control variables and synchronously record the physiological and behavioral data of behaving animals and humans. The basic information structure of the method is a time interval of defined maximum duration, called time slice, during ...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The present study was designed to determine the effects of microstimulation of the medullary reticular formation (MRF) on the locomotor activity of the cat in the absence of phasic afferent feedback from the limbs. To this end, both short (33 ms) and long (200 ms) trains of stimuli (trains of 0.2-ms pulses at 330 H...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.1994.71.1.229
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synaptic plasticity can last from a fraction of a second to weeks depending on how it was induced. The mechanisms that underlie short-, intermediate-, and long-term plasticity have been intensively studied at central synapses of both vertebrates and invertebrates; however, peripheral plasticity has not received as muc...
journal_title：Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1152/jn.00142.2001
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
