Abstract：
:This review highlights the phenomenon of low-dose hyper- radiosensitivity (HRS), an effect in which cells die from excessive sensitivity to small single doses of ionizing radiation but become more resistant (per unit dose) to larger single doses. Established and new data pertaining to HRS are discussed with respect to its possible underlying molecular mechanisms. To explain HRS, a three-component model is proposed that consists of damage recognition, signal transduction and damage repair. The foundation of the model is a rapidly occurring dose-dependent pre-mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that is specific to cells irradiated in the G2phase. This checkpoint exhibits a dose expression profile that is identical to the cell survival pattern that characterizes HRS and is probably the key control element of low-dose radiosensitivity. This premise is strengthened by the recent observation coupling low- dose radiosensitivity of G2-phase cells directly to HRS. The putative role of known damage response factors such as ATM, PARP, H2AX, 53BP1 and HDAC4 is also included within the framework of the HRS model.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Marples B,Wouters BG,Collis SJ,Chalmers AJ,Joiner MCdoi
10.1667/rr3130subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-03-01 00:00:00pages
247-55issue
3eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404pii
RR3130journal_volume
161pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The relative biological effectiveness was determined using sex-linked recessive lethals induced in Drosophila spermatozoa as the biological effect. The sex-linked recessive lethal test, a measure of mutations induced in germ cells and transmitted through successive generations, yields a linear dose-response curve in t...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation-induced acute myeloid leukemia (rAML) in C3H mice is commonly developed through inactivation of PU.1 transcription factor encoded in Sfpi1 on chromosome 2. PU.1 inactivation involves two steps: hemizygous deletion of the Sfpi1 gene (DSG) and point mutation of the allele Sfpi1 gene (PMASG). In this study, we ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15359.1
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Irradiation from internally deposited radionuclides induces malignant tumors. Ingested long-lived radionuclides accumulate in specific organs that are irradiated throughout life. To elucidate why the development of malignant tumors requires long-term internal exposure, of the order of decades, despite the fact that ir...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1492.1
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical and structural modifications in multilayer liposomes of synthetic phosphatidylcholine induced by gamma irradiation are investigated with different techniques. Fluorescence anisotropy of the DPH probe and differential scanning calorimetry reveal a broadening of the main lipid transition and the disappearance o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentrations of uranium isotopes and their decay products 226Ra, 222Rn, 210Pb and 210po have been analyzed in the mineral spring waters of a highly radioactive region of Brazil: Aguas da Prata. This region is located in the Poços de Caldas Plateau, one of the largest weathered alkaline intrusions in the world. D...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of exposure of human epidermal keratinocytes to ionizing radiation, both in vivo and in vitro, on the expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) was studied on the protein, mRNA, and functional levels. Quantitative fluorometry of short-term organ cultures incubated with a monoclonal antibody...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental work indicates that one of the mechanisms of tumor control by hyperthermia may be damage to blood vessels, resulting in decreased blood flow to the neoplasms. Among the various elements of the microvasculature, endothelial cells are the most important possible targets of thermal injury. Furthermore, neopl...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A subline of a rat mammary carcinoma (MATB 13762), selected for resistance to melphalan, is cross-resistant to other alkylating drugs, to unrelated drugs and to ionizing radiation. The difference in radioresponse between the sensitive wild-type cell line and the melphalan- and radiation-resistant line (MLNr) is relate...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The percentage of T lymphocytes of atomic bomb survivors showed no change as a function of age or exposure dose. The percentage of T cells was slightly lower in malignant-tumor patients than in the control group, but was significantly higher in the group with chromosomal aberrations than in the control group. The perc...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate whether exposure to atomic bomb radiation altered the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection or accelerated the progress toward chronic hepatitis after HCV infection, the seropositivity of antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) was determined for 6,121 participants in the Adult Health Study o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2000)154[0012:poahcv]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prior to whole-liver irradiation (0, 15, 25 Gy) rats were not treated, placed on a protein-deficient diet for 2 weeks, administered cyclophosphamide, and/or depleted of intracellular glutathione by injection with buthionine sulfoximide and diethyl maleate. At various times (0 to 84 days) after 0- and 25-Gy liver irrad...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After total-body exposure to various doses of ionizing radiation, the ability of lymphocytes to interact specifically with high endothelial venules of rat cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes was analyzed in frozen sections. Following a radiation dose of 1.5 Gy, high endothelial venules remained intact and the binding ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study the dynamics of protein recruitment to DNA lesions, ion beams can be used to generate extremely localized DNA damage within restricted regions of the nuclei. This inhomogeneous spatial distribution of lesions can be visualized indirectly and rapidly in the form of radiation-induced foci using immunocytochemic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3374
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An understanding of proton radiobiology is critical for optimization of both proton radiotherapy and assessment of carcinogenesis risk from space radiation. Although the physical aspects of proton beam radiobiology is well understood, the biological aspects, particularly the complex biological end points, have been un...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1667/RR2839.1
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A formalism developed in the first paper in this series, based on the generalized Theory of Dual Radiation Action, is applied to survival data for cells exposed to soft X rays. It is shown that, in contrast to previous published analyses, this formalism--modified to account for the attenuation of dose across the sensi...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of X irradiation on the respiration of rat thymocytes was studied. An increase in the rate of O2 uptake was observed 1 h after cells were irradiated with doses of 6-10 Gy. The radiation-induced increase in respiration could be blocked by oligomycin, an inhibitor of mitochondrial ATP synthase, suggesting con...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential carcinogenic effects of internally deposited alpha-particle-emitting nuclides, notably plutonium, in the liver in humans are unknown but are of concern in relation to exposures from the nuclear industry. However, patients injected with the radiographic contrast medium Thorotrast are chronically exposed t...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term retention of 133Ba in the trachea from intratracheally administered BaSO4 particles was determined by both serial sacrifice and external scanning methods up to 6 months after injection. The amount of 133Ba retained 1 week after injection in the caudal region of the trachea, where the tip of the cannula had b...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The retention of 241Am in mice 48 h after administration by gavage is reported here. The 241Am was given to mice in the form of either 241Am nitrate or 241Am citrate. The 241Am was also injected into rats in the same form. The homogenized livers of those rats were subsequently administered by gavage to another group o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mathematical analysis of cell survival allows parameter estimation for radiobiological models and selection of an appropriate model. To our knowledge, no rigorous comparisons on the accuracy of various methods used for such analysis have been performed. In this study we compared three methods: 1. maximization of binom...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14195.1
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Well-defined protocols and quality management standards are indispensable for biological dosimetry laboratories. Participation in periodic proficiency testing by interlaboratory comparisons is also required. This harmonization is essential if a cooperative network is used to respond to a mass casualty event. Here we p...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2425.1
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current lung cancer risk estimates after exposure to low-linear energy transfer radiation such as X rays are based on studies of people exposed to such radiation at high dose rates, for example the atomic bomb survivors. Radiobiology and animal experiments suggest that risks from exposure at low to moderate dose rates...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tritium that is bound to organic molecules is of special risk for living systems, in particular when such molecules are components of the cell nucleus. Therefore, [3H]thymidine and [3H]arginine were studied for radiotoxicity in early mammalian embryo development. Starting with the two-cell stage, mouse embryos were in...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal human fibroblasts in plateau phase ( congruent with 95% G(1) phase) were stained with the vital nuclear dye Hoechst 33342 (blue fluorescence) or the vital cytoplasmic dye Cell Tracker Orange (orange fluorescence) and plated at a ratio of 1:1. Only the blue-fluorescing nuclei were microbeam-irradiated with a def...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3236
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human T lymphocytes can be used to determine the frequency and molecular spectrum of somatic cell gene mutations induced by ionizing radiations both in vivo and in vitro. In vitro exposure of these G0 cells to low-LET 137Cs gamma rays results in the induction of HPRT mutations and a predominant molecular spectrum of D...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons are essential components of neural circuits and provide brain function organization. We previously reported that X irradiation induces apoptosis in immature neurons. To the best of our knowledge, there have been few reports investigating the effects of X irradiation on mature neurons. We analyzed the effects o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR3098.1
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In previous studies we determined a gene expression signature in baboons for predicting the severity of hematological acute radiation syndrome. We subsequently validated a set of eight of these genes in leukemia patients undergoing total-body irradiation. In the current study, we addressed the effect of intra-individu...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15013.1
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wistar rats (36) were exposed daily throughout pregnancy to a power density level of 35 mW/cm2 of 6000-MHz microwave radiation (11), sham irradiated (10), or used as control animals (15). Litters were culled to a maximum of eight F1a offspring/litter (total = 124) on Postnatal Day 1 and subjected to a series of reflex...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular and molecular repair was studied at 23 degrees C using split-dose recovery and alkaline elution techniques, respectively, as a function of cellular oxygen and nutrient conditions. Hypoxic cells (0.001% O2) in full medium showed a partial reduction in the level of sublethal damage (SLD) repair relative to aera...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytokines function in many roles that are highly relevant to radiation research. This review focuses on how cytokines are structurally organized, how they are induced by radiation, and how they orchestrate mesenchymal, epithelial and immune cell interactions in irradiated tissues. Pro-inflammatory cytokines are the ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1667/RR3031.1
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
