Abstract：
:Current lung cancer risk estimates after exposure to low-linear energy transfer radiation such as X rays are based on studies of people exposed to such radiation at high dose rates, for example the atomic bomb survivors. Radiobiology and animal experiments suggest that risks from exposure at low to moderate dose rates, for example medical diagnostic procedures, may be over-estimated by such risk models, but data for humans to examine this issue are limited. In this paper we report on lung cancer mortality between 1950 and 1987 in a cohort of 64,172 Canadian tuberculosis patients, of whom 39% were exposed to highly fractionated multiple chest fluoroscopies leading to a mean lung radiation dose of 1.02 Sv received at moderate dose rates. These data have been used to estimate the excess relative risk per sievert of lung cancer mortality, and this is compared directly to estimates derived from 75,991 atomic bomb survivors. Based on 1,178 lung cancer deaths in the fluoroscopy study, there was no evidence of any positive association between risk and dose, with the relative risk at 1 Sv being 1.00 (95% confidence interval 0.94, 1.07), which contrasts with that based on the atomic bomb survivors, 1.60 (1.27, 1.99). The difference in effect between the two studies almost certainly did not arise by chance (P = 0.0001). This study provides strong support from data for humans for a substantial fractionation/dose-rate effect for low-linear energy transfer radiation and lung cancer risk.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Howe GRsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-06-01 00:00:00pages
295-304issue
3eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404journal_volume
142pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The effect of ionizing radiation (137Cs) on processing and transport of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was studied by pulse-labeling HeLa S3 cells with [3H]uridine immediately prior to irradiation. This approach permits kinetic analysis of processing of 45 S rRNA (radiolabeled predominantly prior to irradiation) into its 28 S a...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:X rays have been shown to induce two forms of potentially lethal damage (PLD), "fast-repairing" PLD and "slowly repairing" PLD, whose repair is completed in 1 h and 4-6 h, respectively. In this study three modes of treatment with hypertonic solutions containing different NaCl concentrations for different durations (0....
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both plant senescence and plant response to ionizing radiation involve changes in gene expression and epigenetic profiles, that rely on the formation of reactive oxygen species. However, how the developmental stage of a plant affects its response to ionizing radiation has not been extensively studied. In this study, o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR13840.1
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to determine changes in cell numbers, proliferation (using Ki-67) and EGFR expression in mouse bladder urothelium during the early and late radiation response. Groups of mice were irradiated with a single dose of 20 Gy and assayed 0-360 days later. Urothelial cells were counted. After immunohis...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1759.1
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in cancer patients. Modern radiotherapy techniques reduce the volume of the heart and major coronary vessels exposed to high doses, but some exposure is often unavoidable. Radiation damage to the myocardium is caused primarily by in...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1667/RR1862.1
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of micronuclei was evaluated to assess the induction of an adaptive response to non-ionizing radiofrequency (RF) radiation in peripheral blood lymphocytes collected from five different human volunteers. After stimulation with phytohemagglutinin for 24 h, the cells were exposed to an adaptive dose of 900 ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1687.1
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Flynn, A. A., Green, A. J., Pedley, R. B., Boxer, G. M., Boden, R. and Begent, R. H. J. A Mouse Model for Calculating the Absorbed Beta-Particle Dose from (131)I- and (90)Y-Labeled Immunoconjugates, Including a Method for Dealing with Heterogeneity in Kidney and Tumor. Radiat. Res. 156, 28-35 (2001). Conventional inte...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0028:ammfct]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous investigations have demonstrated an increased release of von Willebrand factor (VWF; also known as vWF) in endothelial cells after high single-dose irradiation in vitro. We have also found increased levels of Vwf protein in mouse glomeruli after a high single dose of renal irradiation in vivo. In addition, in...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2000)154[0375:ivaive]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electron microbeam experiments are planned or under way to explore in part the question regarding whether the bystander effect is a general phenomenon or is restricted to high-LET radiation. Since low-LET radiations scatter more readily compared to high-LET radiations, identifying bystander cells and assessing the pot...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0089:moakem]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Determinations of the LET distribution, phi(L), of charged particles within a spacecraft in low-Earth orbit have been made. One method used a cylindrical tissue-equivalent proportional counter (TEPC), with the assumption that for each measured event, lineal energy, y, is equal to LET and thus phi(L) = phi(y). The othe...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0310:coldmi]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thymic explant cultures were used to study the radiosensitivity of nonlymphoid thymic components in dogs. Thymic fragments from fetal (50 days gestation), newborn, and juvenile (70 days old) dogs were irradiated in vitro at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 Gy prior to culture. Colonies were classified as epithelial, spindle, or mix...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the linear energy transfer (LET) dependence of the biological effects of densely ionizing radiation in relation to changes in the ionization density along the track, we measured the yields and spectrum of clustered DNA damages induced by charged particles of different atomic number but similar kinetic ene...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2093.1
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent demonstration of nanoscale scintillators has led to interest in the combination of radiation and photodynamic therapy. In this model, scintillating nanoparticles conjugated to photosensitizers and molecular targeting agents would enhance the targeting and improve the efficacy of radiotherapy and extend the ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1667/RR1470.1
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 1170 rats comprised of 65 male and 65 female Han Wistar rats per group were exposed for 2 h/day, 5 days/ week for up to 104 weeks to GSM or DCS wireless communication signals at three nominal SARs of 0.44, 1.33 and 4.0 W/kg. A preliminary study confirmed that the highest exposure level was below that which ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR0680.1
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular basis of radiotherapy-related multidrug resistance (MDR) is still unclear. Here we report on a study investigating the effect of fractionated irradiation on expression of the MDR-associated proteins P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), and lung resistance-related protein ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR0986.1
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well known that ionizing radiation-induced toxicity to normal tissue has functional consequences in the brain. However, the underlying molecular alterations have yet to be elucidated. We have previously reported cognitive impairments with concomitant changes in dendritic complexity, spine density and inflammatio...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15061.1
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have tested an 836.55 MHz field with North American Digital Cellular (NADC) modulation in a 2-year animal bioassay that included fetal exposure. In offspring of pregnant Fischer 344 rats, we tested both spontaneous tumorigenicity and the incidence of induced central nervous system (CNS) tumors after a single dose o...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In previous studies we determined a gene expression signature in baboons for predicting the severity of hematological acute radiation syndrome. We subsequently validated a set of eight of these genes in leukemia patients undergoing total-body irradiation. In the current study, we addressed the effect of intra-individu...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15013.1
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Domestic radon risk estimates are typically based either on data for uranium miners or on data derived from A-bomb survivors; comparison of domestic radon risk estimates derived from these two disparate sources represents an important test of their reliability. There is currently a significant discrepancy of about a f...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oncogenic transformation of C3H 10T1/2 cells was determined after exposure to graded doses of 4.3-MeV alpha particles LET = 101 keV/microns. The source of alpha particles was 244Cm and the irradiation was done in an irradiation chamber built for the purpose. Graded doses in the range of 0.2 to 300 cGy were studied wit...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies have causally linked external thyroid radiation exposure in childhood with thyroid cancer. In 1995, investigators conducted relative risk analyses of pooled data from seven epidemiologic studies. Doses were mostly <10 Gy, although childhood cancer therapies can result in thyroid doses >50 Gy. We pooled data fr...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1667/RR14213.1
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimentally derived optical constants and X-ray attenuation cross sections were used to construct the complete dipole oscillator strength distribution for solid, dry DNA. Monte Carlo simulations of the energy loss by electrons of initial energy 5 keV to 1 MeV in DNA were performed using cumulative inelastic cross s...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental measurements of the radial restricted linear energy transfer (LETr) for alpha beams of 18.3 MeV/n in tissue-equivalent gas were presented. The radial dose distribution for the alpha beam was deduced from the restricted LET measurements. A differential W value for the alpha particle in the tissue-equivalen...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the analysis of the effects of radiation or drugs on clonogenic survival data of mammalian cells, it is often advantageous to compare entire dose-response curves generated under different experimental conditions rather than to conduct single-dose comparisons. We propose a two-stage method for the global comparison ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A subline of a rat mammary carcinoma (MATB 13762), selected for resistance to melphalan, is cross-resistant to other alkylating drugs, to unrelated drugs and to ionizing radiation. The difference in radioresponse between the sensitive wild-type cell line and the melphalan- and radiation-resistant line (MLNr) is relate...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report compares the deterministic effects from an alpha-particle-emitting radionuclide, (239)PuO(2), and a beta-particle emitter, (144)Ce in fused aluminosilicate particles (FAP). The studies were conducted in beagle dogs of both genders exposed by inhalation to aerosols of the radionuclides. The initial lung bur...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously proposed that survival curves for cells of murine NFSa fibrosarcomas after exposure to fast neutrons might demonstrate curvature when the neutron doses reach a level high enough to cure the fibrosarcomas. We report here that this is the case. Murine NFSa fibrosarcomas growing in the hind legs of syn...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relative biological effectiveness was determined using sex-linked recessive lethals induced in Drosophila spermatozoa as the biological effect. The sex-linked recessive lethal test, a measure of mutations induced in germ cells and transmitted through successive generations, yields a linear dose-response curve in t...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular imaging is an evolving science that is concerned with the development of novel imaging probes and biomarkers that can be used to non-invasively image molecular and cellular processes. This special issue approaches molecular imaging in the context of radiation research, focusing on biomarkers and imaging meth...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type：
doi：10.1667/rr2959.1
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synchronous Chinese hamster ovary cells were treated in G1 or S phase with cycloheximide or procaine hydrochloride before and during heating at 43 degrees C. Cycloheximide and procaine apparently act by different mechanisms, with cycloheximide inhibiting protein synthesis and procaine hydrochloride supposedly affectin...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
