Abstract：
:Domestic radon risk estimates are typically based either on data for uranium miners or on data derived from A-bomb survivors; comparison of domestic radon risk estimates derived from these two disparate sources represents an important test of their reliability. There is currently a significant discrepancy of about a factor of three between domestic radon risk estimates generated with these two independent methods. To base such risk estimates on the data for A-bomb survivors, who were exposed mainly to low-LET radiation, requires a quality factor for alpha particles from random progeny; the final risk estimate is then directly proportional to this quality factor. We have used the most extensive quantitative in vitro data set currently available at high LET for an oncogenic end point, to make the best estimate we can that could be used as a basis for a quality factor. Our best estimates of values appropriate for the quality factor for radom progeny are significantly lower than those currently used (20-25) in estimating lung cancer mortality due to randon. Specifically, our best estimate for home dwellers is around 10. In addition, because of the different geometry in the bronchial epithelia of nonsmokers compared to smokers, our best estimate of an appropriate quality factor for home dwellers is about 18% greater than that for miners; thus our best estimate of the "effective K factor" to convert to effective dose/WLM in home dwellers from effective dose/WLM in miners would be increased by this factor. Based on a quality factor of approximately 10, the dosimetrically based estimate of radon-induced mortality would be approximately 35,000 per year in the U.S. rather than the value of approximately 70,000 obtained using a quality factor of 20. The value of 35,000, while larger than the values based on data for miners (approximately 20,000), is much smaller than previous estimates of approximately 70,000 based on dosimetric methods; thus risk estimates based on the two approaches, dosimetric and epidemiological, may be partially reconciled. Finally, a quality factor of 10 would reduce the proportion of the collective effective dose caused by radon progeny from the currently accepted value of 55% down to about 38%.
journal_name
Radiat Resjournal_title
Radiation researchauthors
Brenner DJ,Miller RC,Huang Y,Hall EJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-04-01 00:00:00pages
61-9issue
1eissn
0033-7587issn
1938-5404journal_volume
142pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The purpose of this paper is to validate a metabolic model describing the kinetics of tritium in man. The validation is based on measurements of background levels of loose and bound tritium in Italian subjects and their diets. Model predictions are compared with empirical measurements of tritium in human urine and tis...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pentamidine is similar to rhodamine-123 in chemical structure and state of electron charge, and rhodamine-123 was previously shown to be a hyperthermic sensitizer under appropriate cell culture conditions. The present experiments were carried out to determine whether pentamidine would potentiate hyperthermic cell kill...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Technological developments in radiation therapy and other cancer therapies have led to a progressive increase in five-year survival rates over the last few decades. Although acute effects have been largely minimized by both technical advances and medical interventions, late effects remain a concern. Indeed, the need t...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1667/rr2530.1
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluation of the characteristics of accelerator-based thermal neutron fields is recognized as an important issue when discussing the effectiveness of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In this study, we propose that the radiation chemical yield (G value) of hydroxyl radicals (Goh•) can be considered a universal pa...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15318.1
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Damage to intestine is a serious problem after accidental radiation exposure. To examine substances to ameliorate damage by postirradiation administration, we focused on the regeneration process after irradiation of the intestine. Using experimental systems, the effects of clinically used sex hormones on regeneration ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2154.1
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) {Ca8H2(PO4)6×5H2O] has attracted increasing attention over the last decade as a transient intermediate to the biogenic apatite for bone engineering and in studies involving the processes of pathological calcification. In this work, OCP powders obtained by hydrolysis of dicalcium phosphate d...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RADE-20-00194.1
更新日期：2020-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Accurate assessment of risks of long-term space missions is critical for human space exploration. It is essential to have a detailed understanding of the biological effects on humans living and working in deep space. Ionizing radiation from galactic cosmic rays (GCR) is a major health risk factor for astronauts on ext...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15062.1
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation exposure from a number of terrestrial sources is associated with an increased risk for atherosclerosis. Recently, concern over whether exposure to cosmic radiation might pose a similar risk for astronauts has increased. To address this question, we examined the effect of 2 to 5 Gy iron ions ((56)Fe), a parti...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2482.1
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electron microbeam experiments are planned or under way to explore in part the question regarding whether the bystander effect is a general phenomenon or is restricted to high-LET radiation. Since low-LET radiations scatter more readily compared to high-LET radiations, identifying bystander cells and assessing the pot...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)155[0089:moakem]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These studies examined the effects of X radiation and interleukin 3 (IL-3), which is an effective cytokine for the generation of megakaryocytopoiesis from X-irradiated hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, on the terminal process of human megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. Mature megakaryocytes were induced by cu...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1519.1
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been acknowledged for many years that radiation exposure induces delayed, non-targeted effects in the progeny of the irradiated cell. Evidence is beginning to demonstrate that among these delayed effects of radiation are epigenetic aberrations, including altered DNA methylation. To test the hypothesis that diff...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR2390.1
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ionizing radiation can induce chromosome instability that is transmitted over many generations after irradiation in the progeny of surviving cells, but it remains unclear why this instability can be transmitted to the progeny. To acquire knowledge about the transmissible nature of genomic instability, we transferred a...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR0835.1
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mycoplasma infection of mammalian cells in culture is a common occurrence that can affect the results of experimental protocols. Current methods of eliminating mycoplasma from cell cultures are usually tedious, time-consuming, and sometimes unsuccessful. In the present study, four cultured brain tumor cell lines (huma...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphorylated ATM immunofluorescence staining was used to investigate the dose-response relationship for the number of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induced in primary normal human fibroblasts irradiated with doses from 1.2 to 200 mGy. The induction of DSBs showed a supralinear dose-response relationship. Radiation...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR1255.1
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficiency of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for malignant gliomas depends on the selective and absolute accumulation of (10)B atoms in tumor tissues. Only two boron compounds, BPA and BSH, currently can be used clinically. However, the detailed distributions of these compounds have not been determined. Here...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR0501.1
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Escherichia coli nth gene encodes endonuclease III, which catalyses the glycolytic removal of various oxidized thymine residues from DNA. A truncated version of nth, with the prokaryotic regulatory sequences removed, was ligated into the retrovirus-based vector pZipneoSV(X)1 and transfected into the radiosensitive...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Flynn, A. A., Green, A. J., Pedley, R. B., Boxer, G. M., Boden, R. and Begent, R. H. J. A Mouse Model for Calculating the Absorbed Beta-Particle Dose from (131)I- and (90)Y-Labeled Immunoconjugates, Including a Method for Dealing with Heterogeneity in Kidney and Tumor. Radiat. Res. 156, 28-35 (2001). Conventional inte...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2001)156[0028:ammfct]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plutonium is considered to be a carcinogen because it emits alpha particles that may result in the irradiation of stem cell population. In the present study we show that plutonium can also catalyze reactions that induce hydroxyl radicals in the absence of significant alpha-particle irradiation. Using the low specific ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The non-human primate has been a useful model for studies of human acute radiation syndrome (ARS). However, to date structural changes in various parts of the intestine after total body irradiation (TBI) have not been systematically studied in this model. Here we report on our current study of TBI-induced intestinal s...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14191.1
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extension of previous investigations at this laboratory regarding life shortening and tumor induction in the mouse has provided more complete dose-response information in the low dose region of X rays and neutrons. A complete observation of survival and late pathology has been carried out on over 2000 BC3F1 female mic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infusions of boronophenylalanine-fructose complex (BPA-F), at doses up to 900 mg/kg of BPA and 860 mg/kg of fructose, have been used to deliver boron to cancer tissue for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). In patients with phenylketonuria (PKU), phenylalanine accumulates, which is harmful in the long run. PKU has b...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3067
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tissue oxygenation influences the radiation response of tumors. To further investigate the underlying mechanisms of tumor hypoxia, the spatial distribution of hypoxic cells in relation to the vasculature was studied. In a panel of three human glioma xenograft lines (E2, E102, E106) with different growth characteristic...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/0033-7587(2002)157[0626:qaovpo]2.0.co;2
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) into DNA in both Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and human melanoma (U1) cells reduced the rate of DNA migration in transverse alternating-field electrophoresis (TAFE) agarose gel optimized for separating molecules larger than 2 Mb. This "BrdU migration effect" was independe...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested the possibility that hyperthermia kills HA-1 cells in a manner analogous to growth factor deprivation. HA-1 cells were inactivated by serum starvation when incubated in Eagle's MEM at a density of 40 cells/cm2 or less. Cells became resistant to the absence of serum when the cell density was greater than 400 ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experimental work indicates that one of the mechanisms of tumor control by hyperthermia may be damage to blood vessels, resulting in decreased blood flow to the neoplasms. Among the various elements of the microvasculature, endothelial cells are the most important possible targets of thermal injury. Furthermore, neopl...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Topical applications of MEA (beta-mercaptoethylamine or cysteamine), WR-2721 [S-2-(3-aminopropylamino)-ethylphosphorothioic acid], and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were tested for their ability to protect the normal skin of the hind legs of mice against acute and late damage from single doses of 137Cs radiation. No signific...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) substitution for thymidine on gamma-ray-induced strand breakage were determined in single- and double-stranded oligonucleotides and double-stranded oligonucleotides containing a mismatched bubble region. BrdUrd does not sensitize complementary double-stranded DNA to gamma-ray-...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/rr3267
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously shown significant pathology in the heart and kidney of murine hematopoietic-acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) survivors of 8.7-9.0 Gy total-body irradiation (TBI). The goal of this study was to determine temporal relationships in the development of vasculopathy and the progression of renal and cardio...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR15130.1
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carcinogenesis is a multistep process, involving the irreversible conversion of a stem cell to a terminal-differentiation-resistant cell ("initiation"), followed by the clonal expansion of this cell ("promotion") and by the acquisition of other genetic alterations leading to malignancy ("progression"). The initiation ...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiotherapy is one of the major treatment modalities for the management of various cancers, however, it is limited by the severe side effects and complications experienced by some patients. Nicaraven, a chemically synthesized hydroxyl radical-specific scavenger, has been shown to protect normal tissues from radiation...
journal_title：Radiation research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1667/RR14614.1
更新日期：2017-02-22 00:00:00
