Analysis of immunoglobulin gene rearrangements in single B cells.

abstract：:Parasitic helminths continue to be a major cause of morbidity in human populations, particularly in the tropics and subtropics. The need for effective vaccines that minimize worm burdens, thus reducing associated pathology, is evident. With this goal in mind, an intense research effort is in progress to characterize i...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Wilson RA

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) has remained an enigma for at least a century. There was considerable optimism that genetic linkage and genome-wide association (GWA) studies had identified genes causally responsible. However, the realisation that these genes make a relatively minor contribution to the develop...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Sewell GW,Marks DJ,Segal AW

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While remarkable progress has been made using genetically altered mice to understand the importance of different cytokines in protecting against experimental infections or co-infections, an examination of the opportunistic infections that occur during HIV infection of humans does not yet show a clear picture of cytoki...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Mosier DE

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although twelve years have passed since the identification of HIV as the cause of AIDS, we do not yet know how HIV kills its target, the CD4+ T cell, nor how this killing cripples the immune system. Prominent theories include direct killing of infected CD4+ T cells by the action or accumulation of cytopathic viral DNA...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Finkel TH,Banda NK

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The classification of T helper (T(H)) cells in subsets has progressively expanded and more effector subsets, besides T(H)1 and T(H)2, have been documented. These include follicular helper T cells (T(FH)), and the more recent T(H)17, 'T(H)9', and 'T(H)22'. In addition, T(H) are no longer thought of as terminally commit...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Veldhoen M

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activation is essential for lymphocyte proliferation driven by receptors for antigen, costimulatory ligands and cytokines. The lipid products of PI3K contribute to the assembly of membrane-associated signaling complexes by promoting recruitment of selected proteins from the cytoplasm. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Fruman DA

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that protein kinase C (PKC)-theta; plays an important role in T-lymphocyte activation, as indicated by numerous studies in cell lines, was recently confirmed in mice deficient in the expression of this enzyme. In response to TCR stimulation, peripheral T cells lacking PKC-theta; failed to activate NF-ka...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Arendt CW,Albrecht B,Soos TJ,Littman DR

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunotherapy of cancer through adoptive transfer of genetically engineered T-cells constitutes a more powerful strategy than attempts to mobilize the endogenous T-cell repertoire. Application of this technology in patients offers great opportunities towards a long-awaited breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy. However...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Offringa R

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell death is an integral part of the functioning of the immune system. For T cells, potentially autoreactive or 'useless' cells are removed through apoptosis in response to signals (or lack of signals) from their T cell receptor complex. A myriad of proteins that can initiate or protect cells from cell death have rec...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Winoto A

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tolerance to the foetal 'allograft' has been extensively studied in the past few years, providing interesting new insights. In addition to a potential role for HLA-G, which has been widely discussed, there are hypotheses suggesting roles for several other molecules or cells: leukemia inhibitory factor and its receptor...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Thellin O,Coumans B,Zorzi W,Igout A,Heinen E

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumor vaccinology is as old as immunological thought and as young as our rapidly evolving understanding of antigen processing and presentation. The recent availability of carbohydrate and peptide tumor antigens suitable for vaccine construction, conjugate and recombinant vector technologies capable of augmenting helpe...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Livingston PO

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until very recently, the function of CD14 was thought to be limited to innate immune responses to bacterial and other microbial structures. It is now known that macrophage CD14 serves an additional unexpected function, namely as a receptor involved in the recognition and phagocytosis of cells undergoing apoptosis. In ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Gregory CD

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T cell exhaustion represents a continuous spectrum of cellular dysfunction induced during chronic viral infection, facilitating viral persistence and associating with poor clinical outcome. Modulation of T cell exhaustion can restore function in exhausted CD8 T cells, promoting viral clearance. Exhaustion has also bee...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： McKinney EF,Smith KG

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Precursor B cells assemble a diverse repertoire of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes by the process of V(D)J recombination. Assembly of IgH genes is regulated in a tissue- and stage-specific manner via the activation and then the inactivation of distinct regions within the one megabase IgH locus. Recent studies have shown tha...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Sen R,Oltz E

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in the field of cellular therapy have focused on autologous T cells engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) against tumor antigens. Remarkable responses have been observed in patients receiving autologous CD19-redirected T cells for the treatment of B-lymphoid malignancies. However, the...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Daher M,Rezvani K

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Murine gamma-herpesvirus 68 (gammaHV68) infection is a new model for understanding how immunity and chronic gamma-herpesvirus infection inter-relate. gammaHV68 is closely related to the human Epstein-Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus and is associated with tumors, vasculitis of the great elastic arteries and...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Virgin HW,Speck SH

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nuclear factor κ enhancer binding protein (NF-κB) family of transcription factors regulates the expression of a large array of genes involved in diverse cellular processes including inflammation, immunity and cell survival. Activation of NF-κB requires ubiquitination, a highly conserved and versatile modification ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Chen J,Chen ZJ

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells are spared from programmed cell death in the thymus after an appropriate interaction between the T-cell receptor and a self peptide/MHC complex; this step is referred to as positive selection. Recent work has focused on precise identification of the positively selecting ligand, and the cell that presents it. F...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Hogquist KA,Jameson SC,Bevan MJ

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many recent studies suggest an involvement of gamma delta T cells in the immune response to infectious pathogens including viruses, bacteria and eukaryotic parasites. However, it remains unclear whether the responses of gamma delta T cells are specifically directed against antigens derived from these pathogens or agai...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Born WK,Harshan K,Modlin RL,O'Brien RL

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rise in IgE-mediated food allergy in recent times is the likely result of gene-environment interactions mediated via epigenetic pathways. As epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, are at the interface between the environment and the genome, they may be ideal biomarkers of modifiable disease pathways....

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Martino DJ,Saffery R,Allen KJ,Prescott SL

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peanuts are a frequent cause of food allergy and the most common cause of fatal food-induced anaphylaxis in the U.S. Advances during the past two years have promoted our understanding of peanut allergens and peanut allergy prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, and therapy. The advances highlighted in this review include ev...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Finkelman FD

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The divergence of alphabeta and gammadelta T cells from a common precursor in the thymus is regulated by multiple cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors, most of which are not well defined. Recent studies have provided crucial data regarding the precise timing of lineage commitment and some clarification on the ext...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Narayan K,Kang J

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Defensins are a component of the host response against bacterial infections. Multiple studies suggest a linked upregulation of beta-defensins and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in various tissues, as well as the possibility of mutual induction. Recent data demonstrate the importance of nucleotide-binding oligom...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Menendez A,Brett Finlay B

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is growing evidence that different antigen-presenting cells use specialized mechanisms for antigen uptake. Macropinocytosis and the activity of the mannose receptor have been identified as efficient mechanisms of antigen capture in dendritic cells. The mechanism of uptake determines the intracellular compartment...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Lanzavecchia A

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of NKT cells has been rapidly advancing over recent years, with many research groups studying how these cells behave and how they can be manipulated to prevent disease. Although good progress has been made, a difficulty is the lack of a clear consensus about how to assay, or even identify, NKT cells....

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Berzins SP,Smyth MJ,Godfrey DI

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells of the adaptive immune system (T and B cells) causing autoimmunity require activation signals that are normally provided by the innate immune system. Innate signaling receptors are obvious candidates for participation in the induction of autoimmunity, and the nature of these receptors suggests that microbes coul...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Chervonsky A

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobials represent a broad class of chemicals with the intended purpose of eliminating or controlling the growth of harmful microorganisms. Exposure can occur occupationally or through the use or consumption of consumer products. The use of antimicrobial agents has been associated with an increased incidence of ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Anderson SE,Weatherly L,Shane HL

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptide-MHC interactions govern the fate of T cells in the thymus and the peripheral T cell repertoire. Recent progress has involved investigating how different peptides influence T cell selection and mature T cell function and the subsequent implications for tolerance and autoimmunity. ...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Ohashi PS

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficient induction of interferons alpha and beta (IFN-alpha/beta) in virus-infected cells is central to the antiviral response of a host and is regulated mainly at the level of gene transcription. Once produced, IFN-alpha/beta transmit signals to the cell interior via a specific receptor complex to induce an anti...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Taniguchi T,Takaoka A

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteasomes are large multicatalytic proteinase complexes which are responsible for the selective degradation of cellular proteins and the production of peptides for antigen presentation. Proteasomes are localized both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm, where some are associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membra...

journal_title：Current opinion in immunology

authors： Rivett AJ

更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00