Abstract:
:Three experiments examined the effect of food availability on pigeons' choice behavior under concurrent schedules of reinforcement. In Experiment 1, 3 pigeons earned their daily food ration by choosing, in 30-min sessions, between concurrent variable-ratio 30 variable-interval 40-s schedules. Food presentations during both schedules lasted 2 or 12 s, depending upon the condition. Relative variable-ratio response rate was inversely related to hopper duration. In Experiment 2, 4 pigeons received their daily feeding by responding on the same schedule pair as in Experiment 1 (with 4-s food presentations) in sessions that varied in length from 10 to 30 min, depending on the condition. The length of a vertical slit projected on a response key increased with time so that "passage of time" might be more easily discriminable. As session duration decreased, relative variable-ratio response rate increased. In Experiment 3, 4 pigeons chose between two variable-interval 40-s schedules. One schedule operated without regard to the schedule selected, whereas the other operated only when the subject responded in its presence (dependent). Although these schedules had the same feedback function, preference for the dependent variable interval increased as session duration decreased from 30 to 10 min. The preference changes in these studies reveal the operation of an income-maximizing process in choice.
journal_name
J Exp Anal Behavjournal_title
Journal of the experimental analysis of behaviorauthors
Shurtleff D,Silberberg Adoi
10.1901/jeab.1990.53-273subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-03-01 00:00:00pages
273-84issue
2eissn
0022-5002issn
1938-3711journal_volume
53pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Pigeons' responses in the presence of two concurrently available (initial-link) stimuli produced one of two different (terminal-link) stimuli according to identical but independent variable-interval schedules. Responses in the presence of each terminal-link stimulus produced equal frequencies of food reinforcement, bu...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1968-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1973-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1970-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jeab.1983.39-61
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two multiple-schedule experiments with pigeons examined the effect of adding food reinforcement from an alternative source on the resistance of the reinforced response (target response) to the decremental effects of satiation and extinction. In Experiment 1, key pecks were reinforced by food in two components accordin...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jeab.1990.53-359
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five 14(1/2)- to 19(1/2)-month-old infants were trained to lever press for snacks on small fixed ratio schedules of reinforcement. Within four to nine sessions, responding under FR 10 was established for four subjects and FR 15 for the other. Each subject's last session revealed behavioral patterns similar to animal a...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jeab.1966.9-105
更新日期:1966-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Key-pecking responses of a pigeon were maintained by a variable-interval schedule of food reinforcement. The responses were suppressed during the occasional presentation of a warning stimulus paired with electric shock. The presence of a second pigeon emitting the same response for food reinforcement reduced the suppr...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1967-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::In a discrete-trial symbolic matching-to-sample procedure, pigeons' left-key responses were reinforced following presentation of one center-key sample, and right-key responses were reinforced following presentation of another. Recallability was measured by the difference between log ratios of left to right responses f...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jeab.1982.38-305
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pigeons were given a small, immediate food reinforcement for pecking a key, and a larger, delayed reinforcement for not pecking this key. Most subjects pecked the key on more than 95% of trials. However, when pecking a differently colored key at an earlier time prevented this option from becoming available, three of 1...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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更新日期:1974-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatments based on differential reinforcement of alternative behavior, such as functional communication training, are widely used. Research regarding the maintenance of related treatment effects is limited. Nevin and Wacker (2013) provided a conceptual framework, rooted in behavioral momentum theory, for the study of...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Six experiments were performed to explore the necessary and sufficient conditions for producing context specificity of discriminative operant performance in pigeons. In Experiment 1, pigeons learned a successive discrimination (red S+/blue S-) in two chambers that had a particular odor present and between which they w...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
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更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The behavioral effects of various schedules of electric shock presentation were investigated during and after the imprinting of Peking ducklings to moving stimuli. The behavior of following a moving imprinted stimulus was differentially controlled by a multiple schedule of punishment and avoidance that respectively su...
journal_title:Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jeab.1972.18-305
更新日期:1972-09-01 00:00:00