Abstract：
:Pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) synthesized by activated macrophages and monocytes in response to administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), are considered important mediators of fever and sickness behavior. We administered rat-specific antisera for TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and leptin, to determine the involvement of peripherally released cytokines in LPS-induced fever and sickness behavior, measured as suppression of voluntary wheel-running and food intake. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (approximately 200 g) selected for their predisposition to spontaneously run on running wheels were anaesthetized with a combination of ketamine hydrochloride (80 mg/kg i.m.) and xylazine (4 mg/kg i.m.) and implanted intra-abdominally with temperature-sensitive radiotelemeters. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with anti-rat sera to one of the following, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 or leptin or with pre-immune sheep serum, followed by a subcutaneous injection of either LPS (250 microg/kg) or sterile saline. Lipopolysaccharide administration induced a approximately 1.3 (0.2) degrees C fever lasting approximately 10 h and reduced voluntary running by 93 (8.6)% and food intake by 51 (21.3)% compared to the saline response (ANOVA, P<0.05). Injection of anti-IL-6 serum or anti-leptin serum abolished the LPS-induced fever, anti-TNF-alpha serum affected only the early phase of fever and anti-IL-1beta serum had no effect on fever (ANOVA, P<0.05). LPS-induced suppression of voluntary running and food intake were attenuated in rats receiving anti-IL-6 serum, while the decrease in food intake was totally abolished in rats receiving anti-leptin serum (ANOVA, P<0.05). Injection of anti-TNF-alpha or anti-IL-1beta serum had no effect on LPS-induced sickness behavior. Peripherally released IL-6 and leptin therefore appear to be important in regulating LPS-induced fever and sickness behavior.
journal_name
Physiol Behavjournal_title
Physiology & behaviorauthors
Harden LM,du Plessis I,Poole S,Laburn HPdoi
10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.05.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-30 00:00:00pages
146-55issue
2eissn
0031-9384issn
1873-507Xpii
S0031-9384(06)00224-1journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Sea bass, a fish species characterized by its dualistic feeding pattern, was investigated to study the synchronizing effect of light and food on the demand-feeding rhythm. Nocturnal and diurnal sea bass, both in groups and individually, were exposed to restricted-feeding (RF) and light-dark (LD) cycles of different pe...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(95)00116-z
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The European rabbit, both in its wild and domesticated forms, has been a pioneer species in the study of mammalian chemical communication, and illustrates well the difficulty of understanding the functional significance of these often complex signals. Here we investigate the performance of one of the rabbit's most con...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.03.005
更新日期：2008-06-09 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this observational study was to identify biomechanical differences, as measured by pharyngeal manometric pressure patterns, between discrete and continuous water swallowing, as well as volitionally initiated and reflexive swallowing. METHODS:Using pharyngeal manometry, swallowing-related pressures f...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.12.029
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of somatomotor activity to daily energy expenditure was estimated in 10-month-old, weight-stable, obese (fa/fa) and lean (Fa/?) Zucker rats. Total and resting heat production were assessed by recording oxygen consumption and stabilimeter activity each minute for five consecutive days in free-feeding a...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90322-u
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are rapidly becoming a popular animal model for neurobehavioral and psychopharmacological research. While startle testing is a well-established assay to investigate anxiety-like behaviors in different species, screening of the startle response and its habituation in zebrafish is a new direction...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.10.023
更新日期：2014-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：:The suprachiasmatic nuclei generate a circadian rhythm which can be described by period, phase and amplitude variables. Evidence is accumulating that the three descriptors of circadian rhythmicity can be modulated independently by several brain structures. This report describes the effects of lateral hypothalamic (LHA...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(91)90276-t
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present experiment compared the strengths of taste aversion learning in rats induced by forced swimming in a water pool (5, 15, 30, or 60 min), voluntary running in an activity wheel (15, 30, 60, or 120 min), forced running in a motorized wheel (60 min at the speed of 8 m/min), optional running in the apparatus co...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.04.013
更新日期：2006-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Unlike rats, Siberian hamsters exhibit seasonal changes in energy balance that are controlled by the photoperiod (daylength). In Siberian hamsters, body weight and fat, and food intake peak in long, summer-like days and reach nadirs in short, winter-like days. The purpose of the present experiments was to test whether...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(94)00203-h
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many aspects of an animal's early life potentially contribute to long-term individual differences in physiology and behaviour. From several studies on birds and mammals it is known that the early family environment is one of the most prominent factors influencing early development. Most of these studies were conducted...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.03.026
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently reported that food spillage increases during sleep deprivation in rats, which may lead to an overestimation of food intake in this condition. The objective of this study was to verify whether sleep deprivation induces an increase in gnawing behavior that could account for increased food spillage and a...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.08.026
更新日期：2008-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Taste sensitivity and responsivity, two-tastant and taste-mixture discrimination performance, and taste preferences were examined prior to and after the selective desalivation of 48 male Long-Evans rats. Altered preference behavior was observed in rats after removal of the major salivary glands, as well as after remov...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(90)90200-n
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Difficulty in initiating sleep is an important problem because it is associated with an increased incidence of depression, diabetes, myocardial infarction, and higher all-cause mortality. Although experimental studies in controlled settings have shown that warm skin temperature of the extremities (feet and hands) befo...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.05.022
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined children's parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) regulation, which was indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during rest, reactivity, and recovery episodes, and sex as moderators of predicted relations between observed intrusive parenting and later observer-rated child behavior problems. Chi...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.08.014
更新日期：2017-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To test the hypothesis that hepatic vagal afferents mediate the satiety effect of pancreatic glucagon, we tested the effects of selective surgical and pharmacological lesions of the abdominal vagus on glucagon's potency to inhibit feeding. Surgical disconnection of only the hepatic branch of the abdominal vagus blocke...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(83)90207-x
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early Pb exposure is known to disrupt the development of the hippocampus and result in deficits in learning and memory capacities and altered seizure susceptibility. The excitatory amino acid, NMDA, is found in high concentrations in the hippocampus and has been implicated in learning and memory functions and seizure ...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(92)90398-l
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endogenous opioid release has been linked to exercise. We investigated if opioid blockade following forced swimming, a common model of rodent exercise, influenced cerebral glucose metabolism in mice. PET scan was used to assess the uptake of Fludeoxyglucose (FDG-18), a marker of cerebral glucose metabolism in 19 regio...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113199
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to link parameters describing oral physiology and anatomy of consumers varying in age, gender and ethnicity to food oral processing behavior. Three groups of healthy consumers were compared: Dutch, Caucasian adults (18-30 yrs, n =32), Chinese, Asian adults (18-30 yrs, n =32) and Dutch, Caucas...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112766
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analyses of the behavioral reactions of rodents to predators have greatly contributed to the understanding of defense-related human psychopathologies such as anxiety and panic.We here investigated the behavioral consequences of exposing male Wistar rats to a live cat using the elevated T-maze test of anxiety. This tes...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.04.019
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of ovarian hormones on female rat ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). Twenty (10 control and 10 ovariectomized) 3-month-old female rats were recorded in 3 recording conditions (elicitation, dyad, and isolation) over a full estrous cycle or time-matched duration. There we...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113248
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human locomotion, as a behavioral system, is well suited for investigating the interplay of learning with innate biological mechanisms. The present work assembled, from previous findings, a test battery of operant conditioning to modify strong ongoing electromyographic (EMG) activity of the left tibialis anterior (TA)...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(86)90130-7
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recurrent binge eating, or overeating accompanied by a sense of loss of control, is a major public health concern. Identifying similarities and differences among individuals with binge eating and those with other psychiatric symptoms and characterizing the deficits that uniquely predispose individuals to eating proble...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.037
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) of the medial prefrontal cortex (MFC) is acquired gradually, taking 4 or more days to establish. One explanation for this finding is that the stimulation becomes more rewarding with repetition. Four experiments were conducted to test this hypotheses. In Experiment 1, the MFC ICSS f...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(85)90083-6
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We review a growing body of medical and physiological evidence indicating that yawning may be a thermoregulatory mechanism, providing compensatory cooling when other provisions fail to operate favorably. Conditions such as multiple sclerosis, migraine headaches, epilepsy, stress and anxiety, and schizophrenia have all...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2008.05.003
更新日期：2008-09-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Single unit activities from the olfactory bulb were recorded during sniffing in unanesthetized rats. Spectral analyses by the Walsh transform were applied to the spike trains of units. In addition, inter-spike intervals (ISIs) were measured to estimate post-spike excitability and serial correlations. The modulation of...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(98)00137-1
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vagal afferents are a vital link between the peripheral tissue and central nervous system (CNS). There is an abundance of vagal afferents present within the proximal gastrointestinal tract which are responsible for monitoring and controlling gastrointestinal function. Whilst essential for maintaining homeostasis there...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.03.012
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spontaneous behavior patterns were assessed in eight different behavioral situations in two lines of mice, BR and BS, previously selected for their sensitivity to an anxiogenic benzodiazepine (BZ) receptor inverse agonist, Methyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate (beta-CCM). BR is highly resistant, and BS, highly sensitive...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0031-9384(00)00383-8
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vivo voltammetry has been widely employed to monitor the effects of drugs on dopamine metabolism. In the present study, we report on the use of a newly designed assembly for implantation of carbon fiber microelectrodes for voltammetric measurements in freely moving animals. The assembly consists of an electrode hol...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(87)90357-x
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Short- and long-term changes in the composition of dietary macronutrients [protein (P), carbohydrate (C), and fat (F)] alter neurochemistry and behavior in animals. We examined whether short-term intake of a diet rich in P, C, or F affected their anxiety response (AR). AR of Sprague-Dawley rats was measured in an elev...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(96)00135-7
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure to increased ambient pressure causes inert gas narcosis of which one symptom is long-term memory (LTM) impairment. Narcosis is posited to impair LTM by disrupting information encoding, retrieval (self-guided search), or both. The effect of narcosis on the encoding and retrieval of LTM was investigated by test...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.02.043
更新日期：2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Three experiments investigated the endogenous and exogenous controls of ring dove pecking. Experiment 1 confirmed that deprivation modulates adult pecking although nondeprived subjects peak at high levels. Experiment 2 determined that the level of pecking in nondeprived birds is modulated by exogenous cues such as the...
journal_title：Physiology & behavior
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0031-9384(93)90334-c
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
