Abstract:
:Human satellite DNAs I, II and IV were transcribed to yield radioactive complementary RNAs (cRNAs). These cRNAs were hybridised to metaphase chromosomes of man, chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) and orang utan (Pongo pygmaeus). The results of this in situ hybridisation were analysed quantitatively and compared with accepted chromosome homologies based on Giemsa banding patterns. The cRNA to satellite II (cRNAII) did not hybridise to chimpanzee chromosomes, although its hybridisation to chromosomes of gorilla and orang utan yielded more autoradiograph grains than hybridisation to human chromosomes, and cRNAIV hybridised to many chromosomes of gorilla and chimpanzee but was almost entirely restricted to the Y chromosome in orang utan. Most sites of hybridisation were located on homologous chromosomes in all four species, but there were a number of sites which showed no correspondence between satellite DNA location and chromosome banding patterns, and others where a given chromosomal location hybridised with different cRNAs in each species. These results are in contrast to those found for many transcribed DNA sequences, where the same sequence is usually located at homologous chromosome sites in different species, and appear to cast doubt on many proposed models of satellite DNA function.
journal_name
Chromosomajournal_title
Chromosomaauthors
Gosden JR,Mitchell AR,Seuanez HN,Gosden CMdoi
10.1007/BF00327453subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-09-27 00:00:00pages
253-71issue
3eissn
0009-5915issn
1432-0886journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CHROMOSOMA文献大全abstract::The distinctive behaviors of chromosomes in mitosis and meiosis depend upon differences in kinetochore position. Kinetochore position is well established except for a critical transition between meiosis I and meiosis II. We examined kinetochore position during the transition and compared it with the position of kineto...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0330-z
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meiosis is a conserved cell division process that is used by sexually reproducing organisms to generate haploid gametes. Males and females produce different end products of meiosis: eggs (females) and sperm (males). In addition, these unique end products demonstrate sex-specific differences that occur throughout meios...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-019-00692-x
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Replication times for all important chromosome bands, of both types R and Q (277 structures) are analysed. The R-bands form a group of structures whose DNA replicates during the early S-phase, while the DNA situated in the Q-bands replicates during the late S-phase. There may not exist overlapping between replication ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00293440
更新日期:1976-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosome behaviour during meiosis in male Syrian hamsters heterozygous for one of three translocations was analysed as part of a study of the transmission of these structural changes. Synapsis was studied using preparations of synaptonemal complexes, and chiasmate associations and the results of anaphase I segregati...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00327317
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosomal replication was studied by means of the BrdU-Höchst-Giemsa-technique in three minute T-cell leukemias with special regard to chromosome 15. In all the three leukemic cell lines the normally early replicating band 15 E was undetectable whereas late replication in this region is completely unaltered. Further...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00288676
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male hybrids of the cross D. azteca X D. athabasca are larger (hybrid giant males) than their parents, whereas hybrid females are of the same size as the parental species. Microspectrophotometric measurements have shown that the larval polytene salivary gland chromosomes of hybrid giant males undergo one more endorepl...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00295210
更新日期:1976-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::We have characterized two post-translational histone modifications in Caenorhabditis elegans on a genomic scale. Micrococcal nuclease digestion and immunoprecipitation were used to obtain distinct populations of single nucleosome cores, which were analyzed using massively parallel DNA sequencing to obtain positional a...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-009-0235-3
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reduction in chromosome number during meiosis is essential for the production of haploid germ cells and thereby fertility. To achieve this, homologous chromosomes are first synapsed together by a protein assembly, the synaptonemal complex (SC), which permits genetic exchange by crossing over and the subsequent acc...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-018-00688-z
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spermatogenic cells of the mouse have been separated by gravity sedimentation using a modification of a previously published method. Details are given for the collection of purified samples of specific meiotic stages and for the collection of labelled cell fractions following injection of 3H-thymidine. Suppression of ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00286046
更新日期:1977-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::The organization of interphase chromatin spans many topics, ranging in scale from the molecular level to the whole nucleus, and its study requires a concomitant range of experimental approaches. In this review, we examine these approaches, the results they have generated, and the interfaces between them. The greatest ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0035-3
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::With an improved N-banding technique, the location of nucleolar organizing region was determined in 27 kinds of material including mammals, a marsupial, birds, amphibians, fishes, an insect and plants. In most cases the N-bands were clearly located on certain specific regions of chromosomes, such as the secondary cons...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00285128
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Bacillus subtilis phage phi 29 DNA polymerase, involved in protein-primed viral DNA replication, contains several amino acid consensus sequences common to other eukaryotic-type DNA polymerases. Using site-directed mutagenesis, we have studied the functional significance of a C-terminal conserved region, represente...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02451783
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetochore is a complex multiprotein structure located at centromeres and required for the proper segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. An important role in kinetochore assembly and function plays the centromeric histone H3 variant (CENH3). Cell cycle stage of CENH3 deposition to centromeres vari...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-011-0338-5
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The localization of DNA in the condensed interphase chromosomes of Euglena was determined by immunoelectron microscopy. Deposits of gold particles that coincided with the localization of DNA followed threads that corresponded to the chromatin fibers. The threads were 55-80nm in diameter and were assumed to be supersol...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00337227
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian heterochromatin proteins 1 (HP1alpha, HP1beta, and HP1gamma) are nonhistone proteins that interact in vitro with a set of proteins that play a role in chromatin silencing, transcription, and chromatin remodeling. Using antibodies specific for each HP1 isoform, we showed that they segregate in distinct nuclea...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050372
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In situ hybridization of labeled DNA of four mobile dispersed genetic elements (mdg), isolated from D. melanogaster and C. virilis genomes, with polytene chromosomes of the larvae of several Drosophila species has been carried out. The data show that the mdg elements exhibit a high degree of species specificity. The s...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00330360
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used a new approach involving in situ hybridisation and electron microscopy to establish ultrastructural homologies between polytene chromosome regions of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila subobscura. Twelve probes were chosen to cover all the chromosomal elements: the myospheroid gene, the collagen type ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050287
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A crucial step during eukaryotic initiation of DNA replication is the correct loading and activation of the replicative DNA helicase, which ensures that each replication origin fires only once. Unregulated DNA helicase loading and activation, as it occurs in cancer, can cause severe DNA damage and genomic instability....
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-014-0489-2
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA reassociation kinetics were studied, by means of the hydroxyapatite chromatography method, for four species of Amphibians with different nuclear DNA content: Xenopus laevis (3 pg DNA per haploid genome) and Bufo bufo (7 pg) of the Anura subclass and Triturus cristatus (23 pg) and Necturus maculosus (52 pg) of the ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00327706
更新日期:1976-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Macronuclear DNA of four hypotrichous and one holotrichous ciliate species was characterized by biochemical techniques. The renaturation kinetics of the macronuclear DNAs of all five species were similar. Repetitive sequences occur only in an amount below 2%. Although the DNA content of the macronuclei of the species ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00286789
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is an essential mechanism to compensate gene dosage in mammals. Here, we show that XCI has evolved differently in two species of the genus Tokudaia. The Amami spiny rat, Tokudaia osimensis, has a single X chromosome in males and females (XO/XO). By contrast, the Okinawa spiny rat, Tokud...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-017-0639-4
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothesis that the genome is composed of a patchwork of structural and functional domains (units) that may be either active or repressed was proposed almost 30 years ago. Here, we examine the evolution of the domain model of eukaryotic genome organization in view of the expansion of genome-scale techniques in the...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-016-0604-7
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To structurally dissect mitotic chromosomes, we aim to position along the folded chromatin fiber proteins involved in long-range order, such as topoisomerase IIalpha (topoIIalpha) and condensin. Immuno-electron microscopy (EM) of thin-sectioned chromosomes is the method of choice toward this goal. A much-improved immu...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-005-0023-7
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heterochromatin of chromosomes 2 and 3 of Drosophila melanogaster contains about 30 essential genes defined by genetic analysis. In the last decade only a few of these genes have been molecularly characterized and found to correspond to protein-coding genes involved in important cellular functions. Moreover, sever...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-003-0241-9
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the construction of the first comparative Zoo-FISH map of a marine mammal. Zoo-FISH with DNA probes from a human chromosome-specific library to metaphase spreads of the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) disclosed 31 conserved syntenic segments covering the complete autosomal complement and the X chromosome. Co...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004120050230
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal lepidopteran males produce two kinds of spermatozoa: nucleate (eupyrene) and anucleate (apyrene). Eupyrene spermatozoa have the usual type of elongate nuclei. But in apyrene spermatids, the nuclei never elongate and the chromatin remains in a telophase-like condition until enucleation occurs. The study of the d...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00330361
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleosome assembly involves deposition of a heterotetramer of histones H3/H4 onto DNA followed by two heterodimers of histones H2A/H2B. Cycles of nucleosome assembly and disassembly are essential to cellular events such as replication, transcription, and DNA repair. After synthesis in the cytoplasm, histones are shut...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-006-0087-z
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using electron spectroscopic imaging, a new type of small granular structural constituent has been observed in the extrachromosomal zone of the polytene nucleus of the salivary gland cells of Chironomus thummi and Chironomus tentans. These granules appear isolated or in small clumps and are often seen to be connected ...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00650895
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The number of RNA molecules per cell (transcriptome size) is highly variable, differing among and within cell types depending on cell size, stage of the cell cycle, ploidy level, age, disease state, and growth condition. Such variation has been observed at the level of total RNA, ribosomal RNA, messenger RNA (mRNA), a...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00412-014-0496-3
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microspore culture stimulates immature pollen grains to develop into plants via tissue culture and is used routinely in many crop species to produce "doubled haploids": homozygous, true-breeding lines. However, microspore culture is also often used on material that does not have stable meiosis, such as interspecific h...
journal_title:Chromosoma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00412-019-00720-w
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00