Abstract：
:Smoking is one of the major causes of mortality and numerous diseases, both directly and indirectly. The role of smoking as a significant risk factor is already known in several human diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We aimed to compare the toxicity of heavy metal levels in the two groups of cigarette smokers and non-smokers in Birjand during 2018. In this case-control study, 70 smokers were enrolled as the case group and 70 individuals with no history of smoking as control group. The cases were selected from among those who smoked 10 cigarettes per day without a drug use history. Heavy metal concentrations were collected in participants' serum samples. Cluster analysis and principal components analysis were employed to compare heavy metal toxicity between the groups. The duration of smoking and the number of cigarettes consumed per day were 14.36 ± 12.75 years and 11.32 ± 7.23, respectively. The concentration of thallium (Ti), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) was significantly higher in the smoker group than that in the non-smoker group (p < 0.05). Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and cobalt (Co) are among the most important metals accumulated in smokers' blood, and 21.6% of our study's total data was associated with them. Cluster analysis in the smoker group, including A1 (Cd), A2 (Co, Pb), B1 (Ti), B2 (mercury (Hg), As, chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn)) and C (Mn and Cu). In our study, cluster analysis showed a different grouping of elements in patient and control groups. Lead, cadmium, and cobalt were the most critical metals accumulated in the blood of cigarette smokers.
journal_name
Biol Trace Elem Resjournal_title
Biological trace element researchauthors
Shakeri MT,Nezami H,Nakhaee S,Aaseth J,Mehrpour Odoi
10.1007/s12011-020-02537-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-20 00:00:00eissn
0163-4984issn
1559-0720pii
10.1007/s12011-020-02537-6pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Using the dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumor model in rats, our studies indicated that there was a dose-response relationship between dietary selenium supplementation and the inhibition of mammary carcinogenesis. The degree of inhibition was proportional to the level of dietary selenium up to 5 ppm, at wh...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02987217
更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A double label procedure with 57Co and 58Co has been developed for detailed in vivo studies of erythrocyte survival. A well-type Ge detector is used in the measurements. The activities necessary for these experiments are very low, and the associated dose received by the test persons can be neglected. ...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02992664
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element in animals and human, however, excess Se intake can result in adverse health effects. Se supplementation increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and thioredoxin reductase (TR) expressions in Se-deficient rats. However, little information is available on the relationship be...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/BTER:89:2:165
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A cohort study on platers in Tokyo was carried out using the records of the Tokyo Health Insurance Society of Plating Industry. The type of work and chromium-exposure history of each member of this society was investigated by a questionnaire sent to the manager of each factory. The recovery rate of the questionnaire w...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02783841
更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken to evaluate a systematic analysis of mineral and trace elements of individual functionally determined parts of adult temporal bone. Marked differences were observed in basic structural elements (Ca, P, Mg, and Zn) among different bone regions. The more so, molar Ca/P ratio was significantly d...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03032672
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The trace element selenium is an essential micronutrient for human health and its low levels in serum are implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases. Therefore, the determination of total selenium in serum may contribute to the assessment of the health and nutritional status of certain populations. The...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-008-8252-2
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association between serum copper and zinc concentrations and age, sex, and other risk factors of cardiovascular disease in randomly selected adult volunteers aged 19-59 were investigated. There was a positive relationship between copper and age in both sexes, but zinc was negatively correlated with age in males on...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02950795
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated whether boron would enhance the action of 17beta-estradiol (E2) or parathyroid hormone (PTH) on bone mineral balance in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty-three days after OVX, the rats were treated for 5 wk with vehicle, boron (5 ppm as boric acid), E2 (30 microg/kg/d, sc), PTH (60 microg...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/BTER:81:1:29
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:There is conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between magnesium deficiency and metabolic syndrome, and a systematic assessment of the literature has not been performed. Our objective was to clarify the association between magnesium levels and metabolic syndrome by performing a meta-analysis. Based...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1007/s12011-015-0446-9
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of selenite, the form of selenium used in the treatment of Keshan disease, to plasma proteins and the role of erythrocytes in this process have been studied. The experiments were carried out by incubating 75Se as selenite with plasma and whole blood in vitro (human and rat) and in vivo (rat) and subsequent...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02990129
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selenium (Se) deficiency in the experimental models, Coturnix coturnix japonica and Corcyra cephalonica, resulted in impaired mitochondrial substrate oxidations and lowered thiol levels. Studies with respiratory inhibitors confirmed reduced mitochondrial electron transport enzyme activities, especially at cytochrome c...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02784077
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate the effects of a combination of a dairy product fermented by lactobacilli (DFL) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on mineral balances in growing rats with hypochlorhydria induced by a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Three-week-old male rats were assigned to receive one of six diets: a cont...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-013-9681-0
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A working analytical procedure for selenium determinations by INAA, using gamma spectrometry with a germanium well-type detector, is presented. The spectral line at 400.7 keV is employed, enhanced with the effect of energy summing in true coincidence of cascade photons. The main advantage of the method is high efficie...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02917304
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sea cucumbers are a potential source of natural organic vanadium that may improve insulin resistance. In this work, vanadium was accumulated rapidly in blood, body wall, and intestine by sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Furthermore, water-soluble vanadium-containing proteins, the main form of the organic vanadium,...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-015-0517-y
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inducing the differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) proceeds with low efficiency, which greatly limits clinical applications. Divalent metal elements play an important role in osteoinductivity for bone remodeling because they can simulate bone formation and decrease bone resorption...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-018-1256-7
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) to protein components in serum, placenta, kidney, and urine was investigated at physiological pH, using radioisotopes as tracers. All the four metals were bound to albumin and other macromolecules in serum. However, small amounts were also bound to low molecular weight...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02917246
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a nutritionally essential trace element, selenium (Se) is crucial for fish growth. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Fish somatic growth relies on the white muscle growth. This study aimed to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of Se on fish white muscle growth using a juvenile rainbow tr...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-020-02282-w
更新日期：2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of chromium histidinate (CrHis) against experimentally induced type II diabetes and on chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) in serum, liver, and kidney of diabetic rats. The male Wistar rats (n = 60, 8 weeks old) ...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-009-8351-8
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure (CHF). Some trace elements serve as antioxidant defenses. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of atrial fibrillation (AF) on zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) levels in patients with advanced CHF. In this prospective study, serum Zn a...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-011-8956-6
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current study was conducted in order to investigate the short-term effects (6, 12, and 24 h) of silicon (Si) on the endogenous hormonal composition of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin-beyo), with and without wounding stress. Si applied in different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mM) significantly promoted shoo...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-011-9047-4
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of dietary sodium selenite and vitamin E on the microvascular permeability of rat organs such as heart, brain, kidney, liver and eye were investigated by using the Evans blue leakage method. Combined deficiency of selenium and vitamin E caused an increase in the permeability of the heart and eye with respe...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02783332
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since chromium(VI) is unreactive toward DNA under physiological conditions in vitro, the ability of carcinogenic chromium(VI) compounds to damage DNA depends on the presence of cellular redox components that reduce chromium(VI) to reactive species capable of interacting with DNA. We have examined the role of glutathio...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02917282
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The k0 standardization method was adapted for NAA with stable low-flux reactors where flux monitors are not needed. The modified k0 method offers the convenience of the use of libraries of sensitivity constants. It was compared to the relative method for 52 elements using a SLOWPOKE reactor and 6 counting geometries. ...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02784232
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soaking of a rat diet, high in both plant phytate and phytase, progressively degraded the phytate content with time of soaking. This dephytinization in turn enhanced the digestion of feed organic matter in the animals, and it significantly improved the absorption and retention of minerals and trace elements as observe...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02783810
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CuO nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) serve several important functions in human life, particularly in the fields of medicine, engineering, and technology. These nanoparticles have been utilized as catalysts, semiconductors, sensors, gaseous and solid ceramic pigments, and magnet rotatable devices. Further use for CuO-NPs has b...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-017-1170-4
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of chromium-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Cr-CNP) on glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), relevant messenger RNA (mRNA), and proteins involved in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt2-kinase, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) of skeletal muscles in finishing pigs. ...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-016-0890-1
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aims to examine the effect of zinc supplementation on free-radical formation and antioxidant system in individuals who are actively engaged in wrestling as a sport. The study registered a total of 40 male subjects, of whom 20 were wrestlers and 20 were sedentary individuals. The subjects were equally alloca...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-009-8457-z
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate compositional changes of the cardiac walls with development and aging, the authors investigated changes of elements in the atrial and ventricular walls of monkeys. The left and right atrial walls, left and right ventricular walls, and interatrial and interventricular septa were resected from the subjects....
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1385/BTER:110:3:233
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The efficacy of selenate and other divalent anions to stimulate the efflux of radiolabeled sulfate from lactating rat mammary tissue slices has been examined. Both selenate and sulfate markedly increased the fractional release of sulfate via a system that is temperature-sensitive and sensitive to the anion-exchange in...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02917205
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulation of lanthanum oxide nanoparticles (La2O3NPs) in the femur bone of rats after 30 days of oral administration was explored. Also, the influence of La2O3NPs on macro and trace elements in the rats' femur bone was assessed. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma op...
journal_title：Biological trace element research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12011-019-01907-z
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
