Paraffin-related injury in low-income South African communities: knowledge, practice and perceived risk.

abstract：:A technique is described whereby it is possible to make an accurate determination of the physiological age of anopheline females, i.e., the number of gonotrophic cycles through which the female has passed. This technique is based on counts of the dilatations left in the ovarioles subsequent to each maturation of folli...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： BEKLEMISHEV WN,DETINOVA TS,POLOVODOVA VP

更新日期：1959-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To derive regional weight-for-age growth references to help optimize age-based dosing of antimalarials in Africa, the Americas, South-East Asia and the Western Pacific. METHODS:A weight-for-age database was constructed from pre-existing population-based anthropometric data obtained from household surveys and...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Hayes DJ,van Buuren S,ter Kuile FO,Stasinopoulos DM,Rigby RA,Terlouw DJ

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the use of contraception in 13 countries in sub-Saharan Africa; to assess changes in met need for contraception associated with wealth-related inequity; and to describe the relationship between the use of long-term versus short-term contraceptive methods and a woman's fertility intentions and house...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Creanga AA,Gillespie D,Karklins S,Tsui AO

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess its potential applications in plague surveillance and control programmes, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that captures the specific Yersinia pestis F1 antigen was used to determine the amounts of this antigen present in samples of blood and spleens from laboratory rats with acute plague, in the...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Williams JE

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A two-year study was undertaken to establish the incidence and possible viral etiology of acute respiratory diseases among the child population of a shanty town in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The results demonstrated that nearly half of all the illnesses seen were respiratory infections, 10% of them affecting the lower re...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Sutmoller F,Nascimento JP,Chaves JR,Ferreira V,Pereira MS

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews recent experimental evidence in support of inoculation with antirabies serum, the value of which, as a prophylactic measure, is compared with that of vaccine treatment alone. The author concludes that the chief advantages of combined antiserum-vaccine prophylaxis lie in the rapid treatment of cases ...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： HABEL K

更新日期：1954-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine infant feeding intentions of HIV-infected and uninfected women and the appropriateness of their choices according to their home resources; and to determine their adherence to their intentions in the first postnatal week. METHODS:Feeding intentions of pregnant women were compared against four resou...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Bland RM,Rollins NC,Coovadia HM,Coutsoudis A,Newell ML

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The duration of immunity conferred by yellow fever vaccine is as yet undetermined. In this study the neutralizing and haemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies to yellow fever were investigated in 108 persons living in Pouso Alegre, Brazil, where yellow fever has never been reported. These persons had been vaccinated wi...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： GROOT H,RIBERIRO RB

更新日期：1962-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In view of the considerable and continuing public health significance of Mycobacterium bovis infection in humans and animals, WHO convened a meeting on zoonotic tuberculosis in Geneva in November 1993. The participants at the meeting reviewed the human and animal tuberculosis situation worldwide, discussed the zoonoti...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors：

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In March 1990 a study was carried out in the village of Kicheba, United Republic of Tanzania, in which the pyrethroid insecticide lambda-cyhalothrin was sprayed on all the internal surfaces of houses and other shelters at a coverage of about 25 mg of active ingredient per m2. Every day for 6 days, 12 spraymen and 3 sq...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Moretto A

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cross-reactivity of filarial heteroantigens, the non-availability of adult Wuchereria bancrofti for antigen extraction, and the lack of structural information on purified filarial heteroantigens make the serological diagnosis of W. bancrofti infection in man a difficult problem. The use of immune sera from cattle ...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Dissanayake S,Ismail MM

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the demographic and health impact of deploying health service nurses and volunteers to village locations with a view to scaling up results. METHODS:A four-celled plausibility trial was used for testing the impact of aligning community health services with the traditional social institutions that...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Phillips JF,Bawah AA,Binka FN

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four points are made about globalization and health. First, economic integration is a powerful force for raising the incomes of poor countries. In the past 20 years several large developing countries have opened up to trade and investment, and they are growing well--faster than the rich countries. Second, there is no ...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Dollar D

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether integrating antiretroviral therapy (ART) into antenatal care (ANC) and maternal and child health (MCH) clinics could improve programmatic and patient outcomes. METHODS:The authors systematically searched PubMed, Embase, African Index Medicus and LiLACS for randomized controlled trials, p...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Suthar AB,Hoos D,Beqiri A,Lorenz-Dehne K,McClure C,Duncombe C

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on studies carried out by the author and his associates in areas of Japan and South Asia where malayan and bancroftian filariasis is endemic, this paper recommends methods for use in microfilaria surveys and in the analysis of data obtained in such surveys. The author recommends the use of measured blood samples...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Sasa M

更新日期：1967-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between cardiovascular characteristics and mortality was investigated in an epidemiological study of heart disease in a representative adult rural community in Jamaica. Of 449 men and 469 women followed up for 5 years, 36 men and 28 women died and the data concerning their status as regards arterial p...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Miall WE,Del Campo E,Fodor J,Nava Rhode JR,Ruiz L,Standard KL,Swan AV

更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To understand better the current regional situation and public health response to cervical cancer and female breast cancer in the Americas. METHODS:Data on cervical cancer and female breast cancers in 33 countries, for the period from 2000 to the last year with available data, were extracted from the Pan Ame...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Luciani S,Cabanes A,Prieto-Lara E,Gawryszewski V

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To ascertain the reliability of applying the WHO Cardiovascular Risk Management Package by non-physician health-care workers (NPHWs) in typical primary health-care settings. METHODS:Based on an a priori 80% agreement level between the NPHWs and the "expert" physicians (gold standard), 649 paired (matched) ap...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Abegunde DO,Shengelia B,Luyten A,Cameron A,Celletti F,Nishtar S,Pandurangi V,Mendis S

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous work on monkeys and on human volunteers led to the development of a schedule of diethylcarbamazine dosage suitable for the chemoprophylaxis of loiasis. In several parts of Africa where this chemoprophylaxis is practised against Loa loa, infections with Onchocerca volvulus are also common. Attempts were theref...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Duke BO

更新日期：1968-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ten male subjects from a region of the state of Pará, Brazil, where malaria is endemic received a single oral dose of 1000 mg mefloquine. The plasma levels of the drug and of its metabolite, 2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)-4-quinolinecarboxylic acid, were determined densitometrically on thin-layer chromatography plates. The ...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： de Souza JM,Heizmann P,Schwartz DE

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Airport and aviation authorities are starting to recognize that airports do not have to be unhealthy. Sima Barmania reports. ...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors：

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This account of the conduct of the Similium Control Scheme at Abuja, Northern Nigeria, over the period 1956-66 shows that, by larvicide treatment of some 160 km of rivers with DDT in the early wet season, the Simulium damnosum density has been reduced by about 90% of its precontrol level each year over an area of more...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Davies JB

更新日期：1968-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the incidence of - and illnesses commonly associated with - catastrophic household expenditure on health in Nepal. METHODS:We did a cross-sectional population-based survey in five municipalities of Kathmandu Valley between November 2011 and January 2012. For each household surveyed, out-of-pocke...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Saito E,Gilmour S,Rahman MM,Gautam GS,Shrestha PK,Shibuya K

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Health technology assessment (HTA) is the multidisciplinary study of the implications of the development, diffusion and use of health technologies. It supports health-policy decisions by providing a joint knowledge base for decision-makers. To increase its policy relevance, HTA tries to extend beyond effectiveness and...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Saarni SI,Hofmann B,Lampe K,Lühmann D,Mäkelä M,Velasco-Garrido M,Autti-Rämö I

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Yellow fever was responsible for several epidemics among the settlers in tropical areas of the Americas and Africa during the 17th to the 19th centuries. Scientific research into its cause and epidemiology was started at the beginning of the present century and progressed well ahead of other viral disease research. Ho...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Brès PL

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the adaptation and scaling-up of an intervention to improve the visual health of children in the Apurimac region, Peru. METHODS:In a pilot screening programme in 2009-2010, 26 schoolteachers were trained to detect and refer visual acuity problems in schoolchildren in one district in Apurimac. To ...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Latorre-Arteaga S,Gil-González D,Bascarán C,Núñez RH,Morales MD,Orihuela GC

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There has been little change since 1955 in the laboratory techniques for seeking new antifilarial compounds, although one valuable addition to laboratory study has been the experimental infection of cats with Brugia malayi.The chief drug for the treatment and control of filariasis-whether caused by Wuchereria bancroft...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： HAWKING F

更新日期：1962-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evaluation of disease outcome is central to the assessment of tuberculosis (TB) control programmes. In the study reported in this article we examined the factors influencing the measurement of outcome, survival rates during and after treatment, smear conversion rates, and relapse rates for patients diagnosed with TB i...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Glynn JR,Warndorff DK,Fine PE,Munthali MM,Sichone W,Pönnighaus JM

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between the period elapsed since weaning and the risk of shigellosis was assessed between 1 November 1987 and 30 November 1989 for a cohort of 1085 Bangladeshi children aged < 3 years. The children were followed for 1 month after exposure to Shigella spp. in their residential neighbourhoods, and the 26...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Ahmed F,Clemens JD,Rao MR,Khan MR,Haque E

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors have attempted to prepare lysed BCG vaccines retaining the protective antigens of the BCG cell wall and yet eliciting in experimental animals limited sensitivity to the tuberculin substances, the advantage sought being to retain the usefulness of the tuberculin following vaccination as an indicator of supe...

journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization

authors： Sato H,Diena BB,Greenberg L

更新日期：1967-01-01 00:00:00