Abstract：
:There has been little change since 1955 in the laboratory techniques for seeking new antifilarial compounds, although one valuable addition to laboratory study has been the experimental infection of cats with Brugia malayi.The chief drug for the treatment and control of filariasis-whether caused by Wuchereria bancrofti or by B. malayi-continues to be diethylcarbamazine, and the author reviews the reports recently published on its use. In India and China large-scale campaigns involving the use of this drug have been undertaken; and in Tahiti filariasis has been suppressed and almost eliminated. Campaigns on a smaller scale and pilot projects considered in this survey include those conducted in Pacific islands, Malaya, Ceylon, Brazil, Surinam and East and West Africa.It is generally agreed that the administration of diethylcarbamazine produces a great diminution in the microfilarial counts of those taking it, and in many persons both microfilariae and adult worms are eradicated. The difficulties which arise are due to toxic effects which occur in some recipients and which may adversely affect the acceptability of treatment.
journal_name
Bull World Health Organjournal_title
Bulletin of the World Health Organizationauthors
HAWKING Fsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1962-01-01 00:00:00pages
555-68eissn
0042-9686issn
1564-0604journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The relatively recent development of more-effective pulicides has been paralleled by the discovery of more-efficient rodenticides. Eight of the latter-namely, warfarin, pival, red squill, alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU), zinc phosphide, arsenic trioxide, thallium sulfate, and sodium fluoroacetate (1080)-are discussed wi...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1953-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association between oral leukoplakia and possible etiological factors in patients at a Bombay hospital was analysed by a new multivariate computer analysis based on information theory. It was found that the most important etiological factors were bidi smoking and age. The well known sex-leukoplakia relationship wa...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of BCG vaccine in the prevention of leprosy has been one of the most important subjects of investigation in the field of leprology in the last 25 years. The action of the vaccine was for many years investigated by determining its effect on the lepromin reaction. Field studies were later considered essential to...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1970-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative data are presented on the viability of El Tor vibrios in various foodstuffs under different conditions. El Tor vibrios were found to have a very short life in water at -20 degrees C, but in various nutrient media, such as skim milk, sugar solution or meat extract, they could live for more than a month at ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1967-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cross-reactivity of filarial heteroantigens, the non-availability of adult Wuchereria bancrofti for antigen extraction, and the lack of structural information on purified filarial heteroantigens make the serological diagnosis of W. bancrofti infection in man a difficult problem. The use of immune sera from cattle ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In many health facilities in east Africa, haemoglobin estimation is performed using visual colour comparison methods. Efforts to establish colorimetric methods face numerous constraints, including the unavailability of standards for quality control. In contrast, the alkaline haematin D-575 method for haemoglobin estim...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four decades after the declaration of Alma Ata, Kazakhstan still struggles to provide basic health care to its citizens. This may now be changing. Andrey Shukshin reports. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 新闻
doi：10.2471/BLT.19.020419
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To obviate the foreign protein reactions experienced with the use of hyperimmune serum in rabies-exposed individuals, an attempt was made to produce a rabies antiserum of human origin.Five doses of an inactivated rabies virus duck-egg vaccine were administered to 34 volunteers at 4-day intervals (i.e., on days 0, 4, 8...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1959-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A collaborative study on the laboratory diagnosis of trachoma was carried out in three laboratories. A standardized complement fixation (CF) test with chlamydial (bedsonial) group antigen was found to be highly reproducible. The results obtained by different laboratories using the method and reagents suggested by the ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1973-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemics of presumed arthropod-borne virus infections have occurred over the years in the Australasian region but as yet little is known about the identity, distribution and frequency of occurrence of the viruses present. Therefore, beginning with specimens collected in 1956, a systematic sero-epidemiological study w...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1964-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since 1978, influenza A viruses with different antigenic properties have been isolated in many countries, even though little influenza activity has been recorded. In the present paper, the antigenic properties of viruses representative of isolates from each year since 1979 are compared, and the amino acid sequences of...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a controlled study, it has been shown that the prior administration of cholera vaccine had no beneficial effect on the clinical course of cholera as measured by either the condition of the patient on admission to hospital or the subsequent course of the disease. In fact, the disease was, if anything, more severe in...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1969-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last decade, a massive increase in data collection and analysis has occurred in many fields. In the health sector, however, there has been relatively little progress in data analysis and application despite a rapid rise in data production. Given adequate governance, improvements in the quality, quantity, stor...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.2471/BLT.14.139022
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The International Standard for Hyaluronidase is derived from a blend of four batches of bovine testicular hyaluronidase which had been purified so as to contain approximately 400 units per milligram. The material was mixed with beta-lactose, and lyophilized. Tablets were made from the dried mixture, and were examined ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1957-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Problem:If universal health coverage (UHC) is to be achieved globally, it needs sustained promotion and political awareness and support. Approach:During its presidency of the Group of Seven (G7) industrialized nations in 2016, Japan aimed to raise the issue of UHC to the top of the global health agenda. Local setting...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/BLT.17.200402
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Structural quality is a key element in the quality of care provided at the primary level, which aims to offer health care interventions of proven efficacy. This assessment of the structural quality of Tanzanian primary health services indicated serious weaknesses in the available physical infrastructure, as well as su...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood samples from 58 leprosy patients were tested by the MK1R and VDRL slide tests, the latter being performed on normally inactivated sera and on the same sera heated for 5 minutes at 65 degrees C. The MK1R test showed fewer false positive reactions than the VDRL test on normally inactivated sera. The VDRL test on t...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1953-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-six patients suffering from methylmercury poisoning were treated by different therapeutic regimes. Seven received penicillamine or N-acetyl-d-L-penicillamine, 10 were treated with dimercaprol sulfonate and 9, who could not be treated, were given a placebo and were used as controls. Penicillamine, N-acetyl-d-L-p...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A strain of Aëdes aegypti was recently found in Puerto Rico which proved to be resistant to both DDT and dieldrin. This paper reports on genetical studies of this strain to determine whether a single entity is involved or two distinct resistances. Tests carried out by repeated back-crossing combined with selection pre...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1961-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes how to estimate the discharge of water in rivers and streams by means of weirs, current meters and floats, and how to calculate and administer doses of DDT for the treatment of simuliid-infested waters. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1957-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sera were collected from 320 shearwaters (Puffinus pacificus chlororhynchus) nesting on two islands off the east coast of northern Australia in December 1969. About 10% of these sera specifically inhibited the neuraminidase of the 1957 strain of human influenza (A2/Asian/57), some to high titre.The neuraminidase of A2...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1970-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To quantify long-term health service use (HSU) following non-fatal injury in adults. METHODS:A retrospective, population-based, matched cohort study identified an inception cohort (1988-91) of injured people who had been hospitalized (ICD-9-CM 800-995) aged 18-64 years (n = 21 032) and a matched non-injured ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.2471/blt.06.030833
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for the packing of stool samples with preservative in heat-sealed plastic sleeves is described. In several years' use the method has proved rapid and reliable. The materials are lighter and less bulky than rigid containers, and transport of samples is simple and economical. ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1973-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The paper presents clinical observations on 1 233 persons with smallpox who were admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital, Calcutta, in 1973. The disease was of the modified type in 53 patients (4.3%), the ordinary type in 717 (58.2%), the flat type in 249 (20.2%), and the haemorrhagic type in 214 (17.3%). The fat...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Signs in the fundus oculi, long regarded as prognostic in hypertensive disease, have been shown to be subject to gross observer error and bias when assessed in conventional ways. The authors describe unconventional ways of assessing diminution of vascularity in a population sample of men aged 50 and also in a group of...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1967-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New initiatives are aiming to reduce the global burden of schistosomiasis, mainly through the large-scale application of chemotherapy. To target chemotherapy effectively, rapid assessment procedures are needed for identifying high-risk communities that are foci for the disease. In this review, we examine the developme...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the course of WHO/UNICEF-assisted tuberculosis surveys carried out in a number of African territories, sputa were microscopically examined for the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Since adequate facilities for performing cultures to confirm the diagnosis of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections were not ava...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1960-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A batch of highly purified streptomycin sulfate has been examined by nine laboratories in six different countries and has been assayed against the First International Standard for Streptomycin. The material examined has been established as the Second International Standard for Streptomycin, and the International Unit ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1959-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Statistics have been compiled to show the relation of the numbers of physicians, medical schools, and students to areas and populations throughout the world. Some of the figures are estimates and assumptions, and because of this the author repeatedly warns against tempting deductions and conclusions.This quantitative ...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1955-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 28 000 persons with fibrotic pulmonary lesions compatible with tuberculosis were followed for five years after receiving 12, 24, or 52 weeks of preventive treatment with isoniazid or placebo.Compared with placebo, 12 weeks of isoniazid eliminated less than one-third, and 24 weeks eliminated two-thirds of th...
journal_title：Bulletin of the World Health Organization
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
