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Ready-to-eat vegetable salads served in Nigerian restaurants: a potential source of multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Abstract：

AIM:Public health promotion of fruit and vegetables as healthier sources of nutrition in Nigeria has led to an increase in consumption of fruit and vegetables, particularly in the form of ready-to-eat (RTE) salads. However, the continual association of drug-resistant bacteria with fruit and vegetables creates an additional challenge for consumer safety. Hence this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MRB) in, and characterization of MRB isolated from, RTE salads. METHODS AND RESULTS:RTE vegetable salad samples were randomly selected for bacterial analysis with Wei's Urn iterative randomization technique and a One Way Analysis of Variance performed with Kruskal-Wallis test. Total viable bacteria count (TVC) was performed with pour-plate technique. Bacterial colonies from Petri plates were tested for multidrug resistance with Kirby Bauer disc diffusion test and prevalence/counts of MRB, as well as multiple antibiotic resistance indices (MAR), was/were subsequently deduced. Mean prevalence of MRB in all RTE salad samples was estimated at 54·38% while mean counts of MRB were estimated at 6·83 ± 6·42 log10 CFU per g. Prevalence of bacterial resistance to all antibiotics tested ranged from 5·92 to 100·00%. Mean MAR obtained for all RTE salad samples was estimated at 0·51 (recommended limit = 0·20) indicating that RTE salads were a potential source of MRB, with significant health risk. MRB isolated from RTE salads included Proteus vulgaris strain ATU 243, Bacillus thuringiensis strain AND 236, Citrobacter freundii strain ABC 2 and Serratia marcescens strain ADJ 212. CONCLUSION:This study showed that MRB constitute a significant proportion of the bacterial community present in RTE salads served in Nigerian restaurants. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY:Our study provided empirical evidence which showed that RTE salads served in Nigerian restaurants were a potential source of MRB, with significant health risk.

journal_name

J Appl Microbiol

journal_title

Journal of applied microbiology

authors

Okafor-Elenwo EJ,Imade OS

doi

10.1111/jam.14693

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-11-01 00:00:00

pages

1402-1409

issue

eissn

1364-5072

issn

1365-2672

journal_volume

129

pub_type

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Ready-to-eat vegetable salads served in Nigerian restaurants: a potential source of multidrug-resistant bacteria.