Abstract：
:The aim of this paper is to summarize ultrastructural evidence for glutamatergic dysregulation in several linked regions in postmortem schizophrenia brain. Following a brief summary of glutamate circuitry and how synapses are identified at the electron microscopic (EM) level, we will review EM pathology in the cortex and basal ganglia. We will include the effects of antipsychotic drugs and the relation of treatment response. We will discuss how these findings support or confirm other postmortem findings as well as imaging results. Briefly, synaptic and mitochondrial density in anterior cingulate cortex was decreased in schizophrenia, versus normal controls (NCs), in a selective layer specific pattern. In dorsal striatum, increases in excitatory synaptic density were detected in caudate matrix, a compartment associated with cognitive and motor function, and in the putamen patches, a region associated with limbic function and in the core of the nucleus accumbens. Patients who were treatment resistant or untreated had significantly elevated numbers of excitatory synapses in limbic striatal areas in comparison to NCs and responders. Protein levels of vGLUT2, found in subcortical glutamatergic neurons, were increased in the nucleus accumbens in schizophrenia. At the EM level, schizophrenia subjects had an increase in density of excitatory synapses in several areas of the basal ganglia. In the substantia nigra, the protein levels of vGLUT2 were elevated in untreated patients compared to NCs. The density of inhibitory synapses was decreased in schizophrenia versus NCs. In schizophrenia, glutamatergic synapses are differentially affected depending on the brain region, treatment status, and treatment response.
journal_name
Schizophr Resjournal_title
Schizophrenia researchauthors
Roberts RC,McCollum LA,Schoonover KE,Mabry SJ,Roche JK,Lahti ACdoi
10.1016/j.schres.2020.01.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-31 00:00:00eissn
0920-9964issn
1573-2509pii
S0920-9964(20)30032-3pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Impaired insight into illness is common during early psychosis and has been associated with treatment delays and poorer long-term outcomes. The relationship between patients' insight into illness and their caregivers' knowledge about psychosis is putatively associated with treatment outcome but there is limi...
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2013.02.011
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00036-0
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更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2015.09.015
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2011.12.007
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with schizophrenia demonstrate a generalized deficit across multiple cognitive domains. However, it is unknown whether this deficit is largely due to lower intelligence, or if there is an impact of schizophrenia which cannot be accounted for by measures of general intellectual ability (GIA). We created four I...
journal_title：Schizophrenia research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.schres.2013.04.016
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
