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Vitamin B12 concentrations in milk from Norwegian women during the six first months of lactation.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Human milk vitamin B12 (B12) concentrations depend on maternal status and intake; only few data are available in high-income countries. OBJECTIVE:We assessed human milk B12 concentrations during the first 6 months postpartum in Norwegian women and its association with maternal dietary B12 intake and maternal urinary methylmalonic acid (MMA) concentration. METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, 175 mothers, exclusively (80%) or partially (20%) breastfeeding, were included. Milk B12 was measured by IMMULITE®/IMMULITE® 1000 B12 competitive protein binding assay and urinary MMA relative to creatinine (MMA/Cr) by liquid chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry. Maternal habitual B12 intake and supplement use were estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS:Mean human milk B12 concentration was 327 pmol/L (range 140-1089), with 402 pmol/L at 1 month (n = 21), 333 pmol/L at four months (n = 32), and 299 pmol/L at 6 months (n = 21). Maternal B12 intake was 5 µg/d, 89% met the Estimated Average Requirement, and supplement use did not affect milk B12 concentrations. MMA/Cr was low in all women compared with published data. In exclusively breastfeeding women, MMA/Cr (beta (95% CI) -42.5 (-82.5, -2.5) and time since birth (-4.9 (-9.6, -0.3)) were significant predictors of human milk B12 concentrations. There was no association between total B12 intake and milk B12 concentration or between total B12 intake and MMA/Cr. CONCLUSIONS:Maternal B12 status and human milk B12 concentrations are likely sufficient, based on adequate maternal B12 dietary intake combined with low urinary MMA concentrations. Nevertheless, milk B12 concentration fell during 6 months postpartum while maternal B12 status did not change.

journal_name

Eur J Clin Nutr

journal_title

European journal of clinical nutrition

authors

Henjum S,Manger M,Hampel D,Brantsæter AL,Shahab-Ferdows S,Bastani NE,Strand TA,Refsum H,Allen LH

doi

10.1038/s41430-020-0567-x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-05-01 00:00:00

pages

749-756

issue

eissn

0954-3007

issn

1476-5640

pii

10.1038/s41430-020-0567-x

journal_volume

pub_type

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Vitamin B12 concentrations in milk from Norwegian women during the six first months of lactation.