Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:This study investigated, on 53 Australians consuming a typical Western diet, the relationship between dietary intake, faecal excretion of carbohydrate and changes in faecal markers believed to be relevant to colon cancer risk, for example faecal output, transit time and concentrations of phenols, ammonia and butyrate. DESIGN:Fifty-three subjects consuming their usual diet were asked to record and weigh all food consumed for a seven day period, and to collect faeces for three days during this period. SETTING:Geelong, Victoria, Australia. SUBJECTS:All volunteers were either staff and students of the university, or associates of the authors. INTERVENTIONS:None. RESULTS:Volunteers had the following dietary intakes of carbohydrate (g/d; mean +/- s.d.); starch 131 +/- 41 (including resistant starch (RS), 5 +/- 2), sugar 108 +/- 37 and non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) 14 +/- 7. Daily faecal output was 127 +/- 70 g and transit time 47 +/- 19 h. Analysis of faecal samples found 0.8 +/- 1.2 g RS and significant relationship with the concentration (mmol/L) of butyrate excreted n faeces (r = 0.34, P < 0.05). Dietary intake of RS was associated with higher concentrations of faecal ammonia (r = 0.34, P < 0.05), but this association was reversed when RS was combined with NSP in the diet (r = 0.07, NS). In contrast to dietary intake, the faecal excretion of RS was negatively related to faecal ammonia concentration (r = -0.40, P < 0.01) and positively related to faecal output (r = 0.64, P < 0.01). Individuals who consumed more NSP in their diet (19 +/- 7 g/d) excreted more than 150 g faeces per day and had higher quantities of faecal-RS and -NSP; faster transit times; higher concentrations of short chain fatty acids and lower concentrations of potentially harmful ammonia and phenols. CONCLUSIONS:The combination of RS and NSP in the colon may be required to achieve an optimal luminal environment conducive to 'colonic health'. The results also support the suggestion that faecal output (< or > 150 g/d) may provide a useful index of colon cancer risk. High faecal outputs are achieved through higher intakes of NSP (the major component of dietary fibre).
journal_name
Eur J Clin Nutrjournal_title
European journal of clinical nutritionauthors
Birkett AM,Jones GP,de Silva AM,Young GP,Muir JGdoi
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600456subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-09-01 00:00:00pages
625-32issue
9eissn
0954-3007issn
1476-5640journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine dose-dependent relationship between ingested fat and its oxidation in the immediate post-prandial period in humans. DESIGN:Subjects were randomly selected for the study at the Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Cambridge, UK. Subjects ingested naturally enriched 13C corn-oil doses (range 20-140g) i...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601112
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear receptors for retinoids were discovered in 1987 and appeared to belong to the superfamily of steroid/thyroid hormone receptors characterized by a common structure in which the different functions (trans-activation, DNA binding and ligand binding) are present in discrete modular domains in the protein. Retinoid...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Iron and phosphate are both vital to many biological cellular processes with central roles in energy metabolism, cellular proliferation and nucleic acid synthesis. Regulatory pathways in some of these metabolic pathways may intersect at fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a major phosphate regula...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.217
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Nutritional deficiency is an independent risk factor for mortality. Despite its clinical relevance, the prevalence in a primary care setting is poorly documented. We performed a systematic review of reported prevalence and clinical assessment of nutritional deficiency in general practice. METHODS:From MEDLIN...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602178
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cross-sectional study of 58 infants (age range 2-53 weeks) was carried out in a rural area of northern Thailand. Total dietary intake (energy and protein from breastmilk and supplementary food) was measured directly during continuous observation over 48 h of randomly selected study subjects in their homes. Associati...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The EFCOSUM (European Food Consumption Survey Methods) Project aims at harmonizing food consumption surveys in European countries within the perspective of an overall Public Health Monitoring Programme. Harmonization implies the need for a common framework of procedures and tools, that are applicable and fea...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601431
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the effects of vitamin C supplementation on the concentration of oxidation markers, in particular, circulating oxidized LDL (OxLDL) and on endothelial activation markers. DESIGN:Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. SETTING:Belgian population of the city of Leuven. SUBJECT...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601990
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:To test the association between physical activity measured using accelerometer counts (Actigraph) and energy expenditure (EE) measured using the doubly labelled water (DLW) method in free-living children in India. The aim of this study was to explore the usefulness of Actigraphs in estimating EE. ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.95
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Several studies have found an inverse association between fish consumption and risk of dementia. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of older fish consumers, in order to identify potential confounders in this relationship. DESIGN:Cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data of a ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602145
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the validity of skinfold anthropometry (SFA) and bioelectrical impedance (BIA) for the measurement of body composition in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). DESIGN:We compared measurement of % total body fat (%TBF) and fat-free mass (FFM) by BIA and SFA, with dual energy X-ray absorptiomet...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of atherosclerotic vascular disease is influenced by multiple factors present since early age. Abnormal lipid metabolism, a major cause of atherosclerosis, results from genetic predisposition and is influenced by a variety of exogenous conditions. This article reviews the published studies of serum cho...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effects in humans of regular ingestion of black tea on haemostasis-related variables and cell adhesion molecules. DESIGN:Twenty-two subjects were recruited from the general population to a randomised-controlled crossover study. Subjects stopped drinking tea, apart from that provided, for the du...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601231
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:The risk factors for metabolic syndrome may differ between Western and Asian countries due to their distinct dietary cultures. However, few studies have directly compared macronutrient intake and its association with the risk of metabolic syndrome in the US and Korean adults using national survey ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41430-017-0031-8
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Considering the importance of glucose as a brain substrate, the postprandial rate of glucose delivery to the blood could be expected to affect cognitive functions. The purpose was to evaluate to what extent the rate of glucose absorption affected measures of cognitive performance in the postprandi...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.80
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the relationship of energy stress during pregnancy and lactation to maternal body stores in marginally nourished rural Bangladeshi women. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Two-hundred and fifty-two women were followed from 5-7 months of pregnancy until 6 months postpartum. Energy intake was estimated during pre...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601514
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mixed-longitudinal study was carried out in the 1985 Dutch birth cohort of macrobiotic infants aged 4-18 months (n = 53) and 57 omnivorous control infants matched for month of birth, sex, parity, educational level of the father and the residential area. Study methods included regular anthropometric measurements and ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Milk contributes with saturated fat, but randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the effects of dairy on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) where dairy is given as whole foods are scarce. The objective of our study was to investigate the long-term effects of semi-skimmed milk on insulin sensitivity a...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/s41430-017-0006-9
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to compare red blood cell (RBC) fatty acid composition, plasma lipids and lipoproteins and dietary intake between urban and rural Melanesian Fijians. DESIGN:A cross-sectional study was performed in a random subsample (n = 154) from a total survey population of 589 subjects. SETTING:...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Fiber-rich diets have been proposed to lower circulating levels of inflammatory makers. Our objective was to investigate cross-sectional relationships between fiber intake and plasma fibrinogen. SUBJECTS/METHODS:We examined the relationship between plasma fibrinogen and dietary fiber in 20,960 me...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.194
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:This study investigates the predictors of serum cobalamin concentrations in community-dwelling older adults and the relationship between serum cobalamin and plasma homocysteine. SUBJECTS/METHODS:Serum cobalamin and plasma homocysteine were measured by SimulTRAC-SNB radio assay and HPLC, respectiv...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41430-018-0367-8
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the current burden of mortality attributable to excess weight in the European Union (EU). METHODS:Prevalence of overweight (body mass index, BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)) and obesity (BMI >or=30 kg/m(2)) were based on self-reported data from a survey with samples representative of the 15 EU Member States ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601538
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) is a devastating inborn error of glycine metabolism caused by deficient activity of the glycine cleavage enzyme. Classically, patients present with lethargy, hypotonia, myoclonic jerks, transient respiratory depression in the first week of life and often progress to death. Surviving in...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41430-018-0286-8
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:The growing interest of medical community about sarcopenia resulted in the production of several clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), with an unavoidable variability in terms of the overall quality of those publications. Our aim is to evaluate the quality of CPGs on sarcopenia using the AGREE II i...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41430-020-0638-z
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To explore the beliefs and attitudes of Australian consumers to claims about fat made on the labels of packaged food. DESIGN:Content analysis of transcripts from focus group discussions. SUBJECTS:A total of 26 female and 10 male participants aged 20-80 y, recruited by advertisement into six focus groups, s...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602038
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal growth and changes in body composition during growth present important variations; body mass index and lean body mass related to age show important gender differences. The process of ossification is developed in two different ways, endochondral and intramembraneous. The former is characterised by the formatio...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600976
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) increases risk of obesity. Similar data are lacking in Chinese populations with rapid nutritional transition. We aimed to examine the association between SSB intake, lifestyle factors and obesity in Hong Kong Chinese. SUBJECTS/METHODS:This...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2010.181
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The hypothesis was tested that the rate of postmenopausal bone loss is inversely associated with long-term urinary excretion of phyto-oestrogens, as a marker of habitual dietary intake. DESIGN:Secondary analysis of a 10-year follow-up study (1979 1989) among postmenopausal women in the Netherlands. SUBJECTS...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600659
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women are susceptible to undernutrition, but modifiable risk factors and the time course of the development of undernutrition have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to identify maternal, socioeconomic and child...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2012.136
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied effects of dose and treatment duration during low-dose iron supplementation in premenopausal, non-pregnant women, with initial serum ferritin and haemoglobin concentrations < 20 micrograms x l-1 and > or = 120 g x l-1, respectively. The study was randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled. Three groups...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:There is a lack of detailed data on fish consumption in European children and adolescents. We therefore investigated fish consumption patterns, portion sizes and estimated intakes of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid). SUBJECTS/METHODS:F...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2009.40
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00