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Predictors of stunting, wasting and underweight among Tanzanian children born to HIV-infected women.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Children born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women are susceptible to undernutrition, but modifiable risk factors and the time course of the development of undernutrition have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to identify maternal, socioeconomic and child characteristics that are associated with stunting, wasting and underweight among Tanzanian children born to HIV-infected mothers, followed from 6 weeks of age for 24 months. SUBJECTS/METHODS:Maternal and socioeconomic characteristics were recorded during pregnancy, data pertaining to the infant's birth were collected immediately after delivery, morbidity histories and anthropometric measurements were performed monthly. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards methods were used to assess the association between potential predictors and the time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight. RESULTS:A total of 2387 infants (54.0% male) were enrolled and followed for a median duration of 21.2 months. The respective prevalence of prematurity (<37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2500 g) was 15.2% and 7.0%; 11.3% of infants were HIV-positive at 6 weeks. Median time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight was 8.7, 7.2 and 7.0 months, respectively. Low maternal education, few household possessions, low infant birth weight, child HIV infection and male sex were all independent predictors of stunting, wasting and underweight. In addition, preterm infants were more likely to become wasted and underweight, whereas those with a low Apgar score at birth were more likely to become stunted. CONCLUSIONS:Interventions to improve maternal education and nutritional status, reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and increase birth weight may lower the risk of undernutrition among children born to HIV-infected women.

journal_name

Eur J Clin Nutr

journal_title

European journal of clinical nutrition

authors

McDonald CM,Kupka R,Manji KP,Okuma J,Bosch RJ,Aboud S,Kisenge R,Spiegelman D,Fawzi WW,Duggan CP

doi

10.1038/ejcn.2012.136

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-11-01 00:00:00

pages

1265-76

issue

eissn

0954-3007

issn

1476-5640

pii

ejcn2012136

journal_volume

pub_type

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Predictors of stunting, wasting and underweight among Tanzanian children born to HIV-infected women.