Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To estimate the current burden of mortality attributable to excess weight in the European Union (EU). METHODS:Prevalence of overweight (body mass index, BMI 25-29.9 kg/m(2)) and obesity (BMI >or=30 kg/m(2)) were based on self-reported data from a survey with samples representative of the 15 EU Member States in 1997. Primary source of relative risk (RR) of death by BMI was the first American Cancer Prevention Study (CPS I). Additional calculations were performed to account for effect of smoking (using CPS I data for non- or never-smokers), for pre-existing illness (using the second CPS, CPS II, data for healthy never-smokers) and using RRs derived from European rather than US data (using data from a meta-analysis of prospective studies). Mortality attributable to excess weight was calculated by combining the prevalences of overweight and obesity, the RRs, and the number of deaths in the EU countries. RESULTS:Annual deaths attributable to overweight and obesity totalled approximately 279 000 when RRs for all subjects were used. When RRs for nonsmokers only were applied to the entire population, about 304 000 deaths were attributable to excess weight. In analyses using RRs which controlled for both smoking and history of disease, the number of deaths attributable to excess weight was estimated at about 337 000 based on European data and at about 401 000 based on US data. In the EU, therefore, a minimum of 279 000 deaths were attributable to excess weight (7.7% of all deaths, varying from 5.8% for France through 8.7% for the UK). More attributable deaths occurred among the obese (175 000) than among the overweight (104 000). Around 70% were cardiovascular disease deaths (195 000) and 20% cancer deaths (53 000). CONCLUSION:Mortality attributable to excess weight is a major public health problem in the EU. At least one in 13 annual deaths in the EU are likely to be related to excess weight.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Nutrjournal_title
European journal of clinical nutritionauthors
Banegas JR,López-García E,Gutiérrez-Fisac JL,Guallar-Castillón P,Rodríguez-Artalejo Fdoi
10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601538subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-02-01 00:00:00pages
201-8issue
2eissn
0954-3007issn
1476-5640pii
1601538journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:To objectively measure rates of breast-feeding to infants born in a baby-friendly hospital in Bangalore, India, and to capture home-based compliance to exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). SUBJECTS/METHODS:Breast-milk (BM) and non-breast-milk (NBM) water intake were assessed in 50 mother-infant pairs u...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.179
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously detected that ~50% of kidney transplant patients (KTPs) present sarcopenia using the first European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP1) consensus. Our aim was to evaluate the agreement between the sarcopenia diagnosis using EWGSOP1 and the new consensus (EWGSOP2) in KTPs. A cross-sectio...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41430-019-0535-5
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone marrow transplantation is often associated with multiple organ failure which is usually reversible. Oral mucositis and dysphagia, vomiting, diarrhoea, protein losing enteropathy, transient exocrine pancreatic impairment, hypoalbuminaemia, biochemical trace element and mineral deficiencies are all common following...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600669
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of dosage on the metabolic response to vegetables added to a mixed lunch meal, and to relate the amounts to the tripartite plate model. Carrots were chosen as an example, and the carrots were blanched, frozen and boiled to include possible effects of processing and cooking. The effects ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Pregnant women in developing countries might be at risk of trace element deficiencies. These deficiencies could have deleterious effects on fetus. Therefore, serum trace elements were determined at delivery in Zairian mothers and their newborns. DESIGN:Prospective study. SETTING:Maternity ward of Kinshasa ...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during pregnancy is known to increase oxidative stress, which may influence pregnancy outcomes and health of the child. SUBJECTS/METHODS:This study investigated whether fruit and vegetable intake modifies the relationship between exposure to PAH...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2011.77
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review outlines a hypothesis that A1 one of the common variants of beta-casein, a major protein in cows milk could facilitate the immunological processes that lead to type I diabetes (DM-I). It was subsequently suggested that A1 beta-casein may also be a risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), based on betw...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602104
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study risk factors for and prevalence and validity of clinical-anthropometrical mismatch (CAM) defined as the presence of clinical signs of protein-energy malnutrition despite normal weight-for-age (WFA). DESIGN:A semi-longitudinal study of nutrition and morbidity with a longitudinal assessment of mortali...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effects in humans of regular ingestion of black tea on haemostasis-related variables and cell adhesion molecules. DESIGN:Twenty-two subjects were recruited from the general population to a randomised-controlled crossover study. Subjects stopped drinking tea, apart from that provided, for the du...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601231
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601187
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To elucidate gender differences in dietary intake among adults in lowland Nepalese communities. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:For 122 male and 195 female subjects aged 20 years and over from 94 randomly selected households, interviews using a 19-item food frequency questionnaire were conducted. To determine the porti...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602339
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent recognition of the early onset and high prevalence of wasting (30%) and stunting (20%) among infants 0-5 months in India draws attention to the need to understand the causes and develop prevention strategies. Such growth failure has dire consequences in the short (increased mortality) and long-term (loss of hum...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
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doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600787
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The cutoffs defining anaemia based on haemoglobin and haematocrit recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United States (US) are different. We compared the prevalences resulting from these definitions and explored the reasons for the variation observed. DESIGN:A cross-sectional survey with...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602483
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600659
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601699
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sodium intake is assessed using 24 h urinary excretion; it is important to ensure urine collections are complete. This can be validated by monitoring urinary excretion of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) administered in tablet form at intervals during the urine collection. Unavoidable change of PABA tablet supplier and anal...
journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/ejcn.2008.36
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
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更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of clinical nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41430-020-0638-z
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00