Low-dose estrogen combined oral contraceptives may negatively influence physiological bone mineral density acquisition during adolescence.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:The aim was to evaluate changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and markers of bone turnover in healthy adolescents, and in adolescent users of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) with different ethinylestradiol (EE) contents. METHODS:In this prospective crossover study, 56 healthy females (15-19.5 years) with desire to use hormonal contraception were randomized to COC with either 30 or 15 μg of EE in crossover design of 9-month intervention each in reverse order. Nonusers of the same age (n=28) served as controls. BMD at lumbar spine (LS), total femur, femoral neck, distal radius, and total body, and serum markers (N-propeptide of type I procollagen, and type I collagen C-telopeptide) were measured at baseline and after 9 and 18 months. RESULTS:In COC nonusers, BMD significantly increased at LS and radius, while markers decreased. In COC users, BMD did not increase, with the exception of LS BMD in the 30 μg COC group (P<0.05). In the crossover design, a difference between the low- and very low-dose COC users was found in LS BMD changes (P<0.05), where increase in BMD was more impaired in the 15 μg COC users. The skeletal effects of COC remained significant after adjustments for age and smoking status. Markers declined faster in COC users during the first period, while they remained stable or even increased during the second 9 months. CONCLUSION:Physiological acquisition of LS BMD during adolescent age may be prevented by use of COC, especially those containing very low dose of EE.

journal_name

Eur J Endocrinol

authors

Cibula D,Skrenkova J,Hill M,Stepan JJ

doi

10.1530/EJE-11-1047

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1003-11

issue

6

eissn

0804-4643

issn

1479-683X

pii

EJE-11-1047

journal_volume

166

pub_type

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