Abstract：
:Groundwater contamination is a serious problem that is growing in the United States, but its true extent is not known and it is difficult to determine because of the complexities of contaminants, their transformation, and fate in groundwater systems. It is also difficult to predict their movement in groundwater. Since we know that the problem is serious and that our needs for groundwater will grow, the mitigation of groundwater contamination, despite the high cost, is necessary. Furthermore, it is very difficult to predict effects on human health because they have not been defined for many of the chemicals. Antagonism and synergistic effects of interacting chemicals have not been determined because they are complicated by many factors, for example, volatile organic compounds. The effects of leachates in groundwaters entering streams on the riverine environment and aquatic life have not been determined. Successful mitigation requires that we determine which microbial and chemical contaminants are the most serious threats to human health, develop the technology to biologically, chemically, and physically transform hazardous waste into nonhazardous materials; develop the technology to properly contain hazardous materials and to remediate contamination, and determine the effects of those hazardous materials on soils and water microorganisms and macroorganisms. Our challenge is how can we immobilize or destroy groundwater contaminants so that they will not enter groundwater, or if they enter groundwater, are confined and destroyed.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Patrick Rdoi
10.1289/ehp.9086239subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-06-01 00:00:00pages
239-43eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Nitroaromatic compounds, ArNO2 have widespread actual or potential use in medicine and cancer therapy. There is direct proof that free-radical metabolites are involved in many applications, and an appreciation of the conceptual basis for their therapeutic differential; however, an understanding of the detailed mechani...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8564309
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an attempt to elucidate the relationship between DNA adduct formation and tumorigenesis, DNA adducts were measured in the livers and bladders of mice during chronic exposure to several different doses of 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) and 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP). Continuous oral administration of these compounds for...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.94102s6161
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lungs may be exposed to potentially toxic metabolites that are either formed in situ or which are present in the circulation. Therefore, pulmonary injury may be a prominent effect of certain classes of chemicals that undergo bioactivation in the body. The specific types of lung cells damaged may depend upon factor...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.845547
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) conducts a variety of surveys designed to provide cross-sectional estimates of the prevalence of various factors measuring the health of Americans. When these cross-sectional estimates are put together and plotted over time, they provide a picture of the trends in the h...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8562267
更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the enzyme that hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses and neuromuscular junctions. However, results from our laboratory and others indicate that AChE has an extrasynaptic, noncholinergic role during neural development. This article is a review of our findi...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.99107s181
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylcobalamin (methyl-B12) has been implicated in the biomethylation of the heavy metals (mercury, tin, platinum, gold, and thallium) as well as the metalloids (arsenic, selenium, tellurium and sulfur). In addition, methylcobalamin has been shown to react with lead, but the lead-alkyl product is unstable in water. D...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.771943
更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for trichloroethylene (TCE) in rodents and humans was calibrated with published toxicokinetic data sets. A Bayesian statistical framework was used to combine previous information about the model parameters with the data likelihood, to yield posterior parameter distribution...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.00108s2307
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:High-level occupational exposures to some industrial chemicals have been associated with liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the potential role of low-level environmental pollution on liver disease in the general population has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE:We determ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1002720
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted a 1-year epidemiologic study in Boston, Massachusetts, beginning May 1997, to examine the associations between environmental factors and office workers' health. We recruited 98 subjects (81 females and 17 males) in 21 offices in four office buildings. We conducted environmental sampling every 6 weeks and ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.5697
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A brief overview is given of the sources, characteristics, and toxic constituents of municipal solid wastes. Several methods are presented for handling, treating, and disposal of solid wastes. Monitoring the landfill site is necessary; there has been a trend to recognize that municipal solid wastes may be hazardous an...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.7827239
更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We used an improved method for trapping carbon-centered radicals (.R) from the gas-phase to compare radical suites trapped from various tobacco smoke and model smoke systems. Using a nitroxide trap, 3-amino-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy (3AP), on solid support, we trapped radicals directly from the gas phase, ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.01109765
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of inhaled zinc oxide/hexachloroethane smoke (11,580 mg x min/m3) and intratracheally instilled zinc chloride (2.5 mg/kg body weight) have been studied in rat lung. The effects of subsequent treatment with 70% oxygen have been studied after both procedures. Both the inhalation of the smoke and instillation...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.85-1568343
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although public concern has focused on the environmental impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the public health impact on a broad range of coastal communities is minimally known. OBJECTIVE:We sought to determine the acute level of distress (depression, anxiety), mechanisms of adjustment (coping, resil...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1002915
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the possibility that increases in UV-B exposure on the earth's surface could lead to impaired resistance to several infectious diseases, we studied the effect of UV-B exposure on resistance against Trichinella spiralis. Wistar rats, orally infected with T. spiralis larvae, were exposed to suberythemal doses ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.94102298
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether there has been a change in the human blood concentration of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and five other fluorochemicals since 1974. Blood samples were collected in 1974 (serum) and 1989 (plasma) from volunteer participants of a l...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.7544
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In animals, some phthalates impair male reproductive development and function. Epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent evidence of associations between phthalates and markers of human testicular function. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to provide estimates of the effects of phthalate exposure on reproductiv...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1205113
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A review and summary is given of analytical, biochemical, and immunological studies made following an immunodiagnostic investigation which revealed significant decreases in the numbers, and changes in the functional integrity, of both T-and B-lymphocytes in a group of Michigan dairy farmers exposed to polybrominated b...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.8560107
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Tens of millions of Americans suffer from a range of adverse health outcomes due to noise exposure, including heart disease and hearing loss. Reducing environmental noise pollution is achievable and consistent with national prevention goals, yet there is no national plan to reduce environmental noise polluti...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.1307272
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hydroxylated metabolites of PCBs (HO-PCBs) and octachlorostyrene (4-HO-HpCS), and pentachlorophenol (PCP) were determined in umbilical cord plasma samples from three different regions of Québec. The regions studied included two coastal areas where exposure to PCBs is...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.02110411
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous anthropogenic pollutants almost universally detected in humans. Experimental evidence indicates that PFAS alter glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. However, epidemiological studies have yielded inconsistent results. OBJECTIVE:We sought ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1289/EHP1612
更新日期：2017-10-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Participants at the Napa Conference on Genetic and Molecular Ecotoxicology assessed the status of this field in light of heightened concerns about the genetic effects of exposure to hazardous substances and recent advancements in our capabilities to measure those effects. We present here a synthesis of the ideas discu...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 共识发展会议,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.94102s123
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, the cohort consisted of 18,135 distribution employees with potential exposure to gasoline for at least one year at land-based terminals (n = 9,026) or on marine vessels (n = 9,109) between 1946 and 1985. The primary objective of the study was to determine the relationship, if any, between exposure to ga...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.93101s663
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Assessing cumulative effects of the multiple environmental factors influencing mortality remains a challenging task. OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to examine the associations between cumulative environmental quality and all-cause and leading cause-specific (heart disease, cancer, and stroke) mortality rates. ...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP119
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interleukin-3 (IL-3) and granulocyte/macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are responsible for maintaining survival and stimulating growth of early dormant hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC). These cytokines exhibit extensive overlap, with GM-CSF supporting growth and differentiation of myeloid HPC. A charac...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.961041247
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Due to the large number of chemicals not yet tested for carcinogenicity but to which people are exposed, the limited number of human and animal cancer studies conducted each year, and the frequent need for a timely response, mechanistic data are playing an increasingly important role in carcinogen hazard ide...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/EHP5672
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:All cells contain elaborate systems for the spatial and temporal regulation of the calcium ion, [Ca2+]i, and diverse Ca2+ receptor and biochemical response systems that are regulated by these changes in [Ca2+]i. Toxicants that perturb the mobilization or homeostasis of [Ca2+]i will place the regulation of these proces...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1289/ehp.90847
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Drinking water in multiple water districts in the Mid-Ohio Valley has been contaminated with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), which was released by a nearby DuPont chemical plant. Two highly contaminated water districts began granular activated carbon filtration in 2007. OBJECTIVES:To determine the rate of de...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.0901252
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent policies attempting to reduce adverse effects of methylmercury exposure from fish consumption in the United States have targeted reductions in anthropogenic emissions from U.S. sources. OBJECTIVES:To analyze the prospects for future North American and international emissions controls, we assessed the...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.0900811
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analyzed data from 798 lead workers to determine whether polymorphisms in the genes encoding delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) were associated with or modified relations of lead exposure and dose measures with renal outcomes. Lea...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.6116
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Phthalates may pose a risk for perinatal developmental effects. An important question relates to the choice of suitable biological matrices for assessing exposure during this period. OBJECTIVES:This study was designed to measure the concentrations of phthalate diesters or their metabolites in breast milk, b...
journal_title：Environmental health perspectives
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1289/ehp.10788
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
