Abstract:
:Methylcobalamin (methyl-B12) has been implicated in the biomethylation of the heavy metals (mercury, tin, platinum, gold, and thallium) as well as the metalloids (arsenic, selenium, tellurium and sulfur). In addition, methylcobalamin has been shown to react with lead, but the lead-alkyl product is unstable in water. Details of the kinetics and mechanisms for biomethylation of arsenic are presented, with special emphasis on synergistic reactions between metal and metalloids in different oxidation states. This study explains why synergistic, or antagonistic, processes can occur when one toxic element reacts in the presence of another. The relative importance of biomethylation reactions involving methylcobalamin will be compared to those reactions where S-adenosylmethionine is involved.
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Ridley WP,Dizikes L,Cheh A,Wood JMdoi
10.1289/ehp.771943subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1977-08-01 00:00:00pages
43-6eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The pesticide atrazine does not bind to or activate the classical estrogen receptor (ER), but it up-regulates the aromatase activity in estrogen-sensitive tumor cells. The G protein estrogen receptor (GPR30/GPER) has been reported to be involved in certain biological responses to endogenous estrogens and env...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1408586
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dose-response relationship of the benzene covalent interaction with biological macromolecules from rat organs was studied. The administered dose range was 3.6 x 10(7) starting from the highest dosage employed, 486 mg/kg, which is oncogenic for rodents, and included low and very low dosages. The present study was i...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.8982259
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Environmental Public Health Tracking Network (EPHTN) proposes to link environmental hazards and exposures to health outcomes. Statistical methods used in case-control and cohort studies to link health outcomes to individual exposure estimates are well developed. However, reliable exposure estimates for many contam...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7145
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whether there is a causal relation between long-term exposure to traffic and asthma development is so far not clear. This may be explained by inaccurate exposure assessment. OBJECTIVE:We investigated the associations of long-term traffic-related exposures with asthma onset assessed retrospectively and respi...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11491
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are widely used in agriculture and homes. Animal studies suggest that even moderate doses are neurodevelopmental toxicants, but there are few studies in humans. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the relationship of prenatal and child OP urinary metabolite levels with children's neur...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9828
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mortality impacts of hot and cold temperatures have been thoroughly documented, with most locations reporting a U-shaped relationship with a minimum mortality temperature (MMT) at which mortality is lowest. How MMT may have evolved over previous decades as the global mean surface temperature has increase...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1509692
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Groundwater pollution has become a worrisome phenomenon, mainly for aquifers underlying industrialized areas. In order to evaluate the risk of pollution, a model of the aquifer is needed. Herewith, we describe a quasi-tridimensional model, which we applied to a multilayered aquifer where a phreatic aquifer was coupled...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.898377
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A few animal studies on the possible carcinogenic effect of magnetic fields have been published. They have been designed to reveal a possible tumor promotion obtained by applying continuous or pulsed alternating fields at flux densities varying between 0.5 microT and 30 mT on mice or rats initiated with different init...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.95103s263
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for trichloroethylene (TCE) in rodents and humans was calibrated with published toxicokinetic data sets. A Bayesian statistical framework was used to combine previous information about the model parameters with the data likelihood, to yield posterior parameter distribution...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.00108s2307
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of chrysotile on DNA synthesis in the gastrointestinal tract of the rat were studied by measuring the uptake of tritium-labeled thymidine; whole stomach, small intestine, colon liver were removed, cleaned, and homogenized and the DNA was isolated and assayed for tritium label.A dose-response study indicate...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.749319
更新日期:1974-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothesis has been put forward that humans and wildlife species adverse suffered adverse health effects after exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Reported adverse effects include declines in populations, increases in cancers, and reduced reproductive function. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency spon...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.96104s4715
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among the issues dealing with identifying potential adverse immunologic effects (i.e., suppression, hypersensitivity, or autoimmunity) associated with xenobiotic exposure, general agreement exists among the regulatory and pharmaceutical communities that predictive tests for autoimmunity are in most need of development...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.99107s5679
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a sensitive and accurate analytical method for quantifying methyleugenol (ME) in human serum. Our method uses a simple solid-phase extraction followed by a highly specific analysis using isotope dilution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Our method is very accurate; its limit of detect...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.00108323
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrate contamination of drinking water implies a genotoxic risk to man due to the endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds from nitrate-derived nitrite. Thus far, epidemiological studies have presented conflicting results on the relation of drinking water nitrate levels with gastric cancer incidence. ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.94-1567968
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Globally, 2.8 billion people rely on household solid fuels. Reducing the resulting adverse health, environmental, and development consequences will involve transitioning through a mix of clean fuels and improved solid fuel stoves (IS) of demonstrable effectiveness. To date, achieving uptake of IS has present...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.1306639
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipocortins are structurally related, glucocorticoid-inducible proteins that inhibit phospholipase A2 (PLA2), thereby reducing the liberation of arachidonic acid from phospholipids and so limiting the synthesis of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators. This study is the first demonstration of one lipocortin, lipocortin 1 ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.85-1568329
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to environmental pollutants may contribute to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). We determined the ZIP codes containing or abutting each of the approximately 900 hazardous waste sites in New York and identified the major contaminants in each. Three categories of ZIP codes were then distinguished...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.7595
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inorganic arsenic (iAs) causes cancer and possibly other adverse health outcomes. Arsenic-based drugs are permitted in poultry production; however, the contribution of chicken consumption to iAs intake is unknown. OBJECTIVES:We sought to characterize the arsenic species profile in chicken meat and estimate ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1206245
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The association of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) with breast cancer is controversial, but animal studies directly linking DDT to risk are lacking. Concerns with DDT reside in its environmental persistence, bioaccumulation in breast adipose tissue, and endocrine-disrupting actions. Whereas most attent...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1104327
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metals have been mined and used since ancient times. The industrial era has seen a sharp increase in both the amounts and variety of metals that find applications in industry. The inadvertent release of metals, such as from fossil fuel consumption, also adds to the global burden. A number of catastrophic outbreaks hav...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.95103s19
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed and applied a new measurement methodology to investigate dermal absorption of chloroform while bathing. Ten subjects bathed in chlorinated water while breathing pure air through a face mask. Their exhaled breath was delivered to a glow discharge source/ion trap mass spectrometer for continuous real-t...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.98106337
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report reviews the recent literature on the adverse effects of occupational factors on fertility and related reproductive outcomes. Few studies fulfill the criteria of good study design because of small sample size, insensitive measures of effect, selection, recall, and observation bias, weak if any control of co...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.93101s281
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organophosphates in increasing amounts and wider varieties of molecular structure are being used to replace the organochlorine pesticides. It has been assumed that the organophosphates as a class would have a minimal chronic toxicity due to rapid hydrolysis and an unfavorable partitioning as regards to lipids. The phy...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.761377
更新日期:1976-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the 1990s, the mercury-based preservative thimerosal was used in most pediatric vaccines. Although there are currently only two thimerosal-containing vaccines (TCVs) recommended for pediatric use, parental perceptions that vaccines pose safety concerns are affecting vaccination rates, particularly in ligh...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.1408257
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:After several decades of commercial use, the flame-retardant chemicals polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their metabolites are pervasive environmental contaminants and are detected in the human body. Decabrominated diphenyl ether (decaBDE) is currently the only PBDE in production in the United State...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.11814
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A growing body of evidence indicates a relationship between household indoor air pollution from cooking fires and adverse neonatal outcomes, such as low birth weight (LBW), in resource-poor countries. OBJECTIVE:We examined the effect of reduced wood smoke exposure in pregnancy on LBW of Guatemalan infants i...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1289/ehp.1002928
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sulfation plays an important role both in detoxification and in the control of steroid activity. Studies in rodents have shown that the conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) to DHEA-sulfate is involved in learning and the memory process. METHODS:The effects of a range of plasticizers and related compo...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.9365
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes catalyze the generation of reactive species capable of binding with cellular macromolecules, leading to acute and delayed toxicity. Since individual CYP forms differ markedly in their substrate preferences and regulation, the expression profiles of CYP in various cell types are important ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1289/ehp.97105s4767
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program on the chronic toxicity of benzene indicated that B6C3F1 mice were more sensitive to the carcinogenic effects of benzene than were F344 rats. A physiological model was developed to describe the uptake and metabolism of benzene in rats and mice. Our objective was to ...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.898243
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may accelerate the cognitive and motor dysfunction found in normal aging, but few studies have examined these outcomes and PCB exposure among older adults. OBJECTIVE:We evaluated neuropsychological status and low-level PCB exposure among older adults living along contaminate...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1289/ehp.10432
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00