Some reactions and properties of nitro radical-anions important in biology and medicine.

abstract：BACKGROUND:One of the most widely used classes of insecticides is the synthetic pyrethroids. Although pyrethroids are less acutely toxic to humans than to insects, in vitro studies have suggested that pyrethroids may be estrogenic. OBJECTIVES:We assessed pubertal effects by orally administering 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Pine MD,Hiney JK,Lee B,Dees WL

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects 71 million American adults and remains the leading cause of death in the United States and Europe. Despite studies that suggest that the development of CVD may be linked to intrauterine growth or early events in childhood, little direct experimental evidence supports the ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Ng SP,Conklin DJ,Bhatnagar A,Bolanowski DD,Lyon J,Zelikoff JT

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The general methods used to complete measurements of human exposures are identified and illustrations are provided for the cases of indirect and direct methods used for exposure analysis. The application of the techniques for external measurements of exposure, microenvironmental and personal monitors, are placed in th...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Lioy PJ

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Factors affecting the design of an epidemiologic study assessing possible health effects from chemical waste disposal sites are reviewed. Such epidemiologic studies will most likely be prompted either by a known release of chemicals into the environment around the site, or by an unusual disease cluster in a population...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Buffler PA,Crane M,Key MM

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report is based on 30 deaths from chronic beryllium disease (CBD) in the United Kingdom with details of 19 autopsies. The majority were fluorescent lamp workers and machinists who died from respiratory failure. There were no cases of lung cancer. The survival times ranged from less than 1 to 29 years and was long...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Williams WJ

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Collaborative studies were performed to develop a functional assay for fish-killing activity produced by Pfiesteria piscicida. Eight cell lines were used to screen organic fractions and residual water fraction by using a 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-(2-4)]-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cytotoxicity assay. Diethyl ether and a...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Fairey ER,Edmunds JS,Deamer-Melia NJ,Glasgow H Jr,Johnson FM,Moeller PR,Burkholder JM,Ramsdell JS

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Implementation of the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1977 creates the need to reliably establish testing priorities because laboratory resources are limited and the number of industrial chemicals requiring evaluation is overwhelming. The use of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models as rapid and p...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： McKim JM,Bradbury SP,Niemi GJ

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human exposure to carcinogenic Cr(VI) compounds is found among workers in a large number of professional groups, and it can also occur through environmental pollution. A significant number of toxic waste sites contain Cr as a major contaminant. In this paper we summarize our efforts to apply measurements of DNA-protei...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Zhitkovich A,Voitkun V,Kluz T,Costa M

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Reported associations between gestational tobacco exposure and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have been inconsistent. OBJECTIVE:We estimated the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ASDs among children 8 years of age. METHODS:This population-based case-cohort study included 633,989 c...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Kalkbrenner AE,Braun JM,Durkin MS,Maenner MJ,Cunniff C,Lee LC,Pettygrove S,Nicholas JS,Daniels JL

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to investigate exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in a young urban population in a developing country, with focus on potentially highly exposed children working informally as scrap scavengers at a large municipal waste disposal site. We also set out to investigate whether hydroxyla...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Athanasiadou M,Cuadra SN,Marsh G,Bergman A,Jakobsson K

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although animal experiments have shown that cadmium exposure results in severe dental caries, limited epidemiologic data are available on this issue. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to examine the relationship between environmental cadmium exposure and dental caries in children 6-12 years of age. METHODS:We analyzed c...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Arora M,Weuve J,Schwartz J,Wright RO

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Global climate change is anticipated to reduce future cereal yields and threaten food security, thus potentially increasing the risk of undernutrition. The causation of undernutrition is complex, and there is a need to develop models that better quantify the potential impacts of climate change on population ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Lloyd SJ,Kovats RS,Chalabi Z

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In different weather conditions, constituents and concentrations of pollutants, personal exposure, and biologic responses to air pollution may vary. In this study we assessed the effects of four air pollutants on mortality in both cool and warm seasons in Hong Kong, a subtropical city. Daily counts of mortality, due t...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Wong CM,Ma S,Hedley AJ,Lam TH

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent investigations have demonstrated the ability of leukocytes to metabolize promutagens or procarcinogens into their genotoxic forms. As a possible explanation for the association between inflammation and cancer, we and others have hypothesized that local accumulations of leukocytes could take up nearby promutagen...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Isola VJ,Hartman TC,Trumble SJ,Ruzek MC,Gentile JM

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Few human studies have examined bisphenol A (BPA) exposure in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormones in men, and results are divergent. OBJECTIVES:We examined associations between urinary BPA concentration and reproductive hormones, as well as semen quality, in young men from the general popula...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Lassen TH,Frederiksen H,Jensen TK,Petersen JH,Joensen UN,Main KM,Skakkebaek NE,Juul A,Jørgensen N,Andersson AM

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Widespread and persistent organochlorine (OC) contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and pesticides, are known to have broad-ranging toxicities in wildlife. In this study we investigated, for the first time, their possible health effects on loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Nonlethal fat biopsi...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Keller JM,Kucklick JR,Stamper MA,Harms CA,McClellan-Green PD

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the effect of processing on polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) levels, milk from four dairy herds containing less than 0.3 ppm (fat basis) of physiologically incorporated PBBs was presented individually into cream, skim milk, butter, and stirred curd cheese. Pasteurized and freeze-dried whole milk, skim milk, and ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Zabik ME,Johnson TM,Smith S

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:When conducting research with American Indian tribes, informed consent beyond conventional institutional review board (IRB) review is needed because of the potential for adverse consequences at a community or governmental level that are unrecognized by academic researchers. OBJECTIVES:In this article, we re...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Harding A,Harper B,Stone D,O'Neill C,Berger P,Harris S,Donatuto J

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The 1974 Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) regulates >170,000 public water systems to protect health, but not >13 million private wells. State and local government requirements for private well water testing are rare and inconsistent; the responsibility to ensure water safety remains with individual households....

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Zheng Y,Flanagan SV

更新日期：2017-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been associated with alterations in ovarian function and hormones in animals, it has not been studied in humans. On 10 July 1976, an explosion exposed residents of Seveso, Italy, to the highest levels of TCDD in a population. Twenty years later, we init...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Warner M,Eskenazi B,Olive DL,Samuels S,Quick-Miles S,Vercellini P,Gerthoux PM,Needham L,Patterson DG,Mocarelli P

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Diethylstilbestrol (DES) is a synthetic estrogen associated with adverse effects on reproductive organs. DES-induced toxicity of the mouse seminal vesicle (SV) is mediated by estrogen receptor α (ERα), which alters expression of seminal vesicle secretory protein IV (Svs4) and lactoferrin (Ltf) genes. OBJECT...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Li Y,Hamilton KJ,Lai AY,Burns KA,Li L,Wade PA,Korach KS

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The last decade has marked a radical change in the business of sustainability, say environmental activists and industrialists alike. On the wane are "greenwashing" campaigns in which corporations promote dubious environmental accomplishments to draw attention away from environmentally damaging practices. On the rise a...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Fields S

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prospective cohort studies constitute the major source of evidence about the mortality effects of chronic exposure to particulate air pollution. Additional studies are needed to provide evidence on the health effects of chronic exposure to particulate matter < or = 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Zeger SL,Dominici F,McDermott A,Samet JM

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cockroaches and mice, which are common in urban homes, are sources of allergens capable of triggering asthma symptoms. Traditional pest control involves the use of scheduled applications of pesticides by professionals as well as pesticide use by residents. In contrast, integrated pest management (IPM) involv...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Kass D,McKelvey W,Carlton E,Hernandez M,Chew G,Nagle S,Garfinkel R,Clarke B,Tiven J,Espino C,Evans D

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Asians, Pacific Islanders, and Native Americans are a potentially high-risk group for dietary exposure to methylmercury through fish consumption. However, blood mercury levels in this group have not been identified in recent reports of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the y...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Hightower JM,O'Hare A,Hernandez GT

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies have examined fine particulate matter (≤ 2.5 μm; PM2.5) and preterm birth, but there is a dearth of longitudinal studies on this topic and a paucity of studies that have investigated specific sources of this exposure. OBJECTIVES:Our aim was to assess whether anthropogenic sources are associ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Pereira G,Bell ML,Lee HJ,Koutrakis P,Belanger K

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the potent mutagenicity of AF-2, which was once used in Japan as a food preservative, has exerted a great influence not only on screening procedures for carcinogenic compounds but also on legislative approaches to mutagenic substances. It promoted the synthesis of exceedingly sensitive and reliable te...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Tazima Y

更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo detection of free radicals on a quantitative basis is essential for an establishment of their role in membrane, protein, and cell and tissue damage. This article compares optical methods, including chemiluminescence, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and NMR methods for the study of free radicals and free ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Chance B,Gao G

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) is the monomer used to manufacture polycarbonate plastic, the resin lining of cans, and other products, with global capacity in excess of 6.4 billion lb/year. Because the ester bonds in these BPA-based polymers are subject to hydrolysis, leaching of BPA has led to widespread human exposure. A recent ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： vom Saal FS,Hughes C

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been associated with cardiovascular mortality. Pathophysiologic pathways leading from ETS exposure to cardiopulmonary disease are still being explored. Reduced cardiac autonomic function, as measured by heart rate variability (HRV), has been associated with cardiac vulnerability a...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Pope CA 3rd,Eatough DJ,Gold DR,Pang Y,Nielsen KR,Nath P,Verrier RL,Kanner RE

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00