Measurement methods for human exposure analysis.

abstract：:Human exposure to carcinogenic Cr(VI) compounds is found among workers in a large number of professional groups, and it can also occur through environmental pollution. A significant number of toxic waste sites contain Cr as a major contaminant. In this paper we summarize our efforts to apply measurements of DNA-protei...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Zhitkovich A,Voitkun V,Kluz T,Costa M

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1,3-Butadiene is a major monomer in the rubber and plastics industry and is one of the highest-production industrial chemicals in the United States. Although not highly acutely toxic to rodents, inhalation of concentrations as low as 6.25 ppm causes tumors in mice. Butadiene is oncogenic in rats, but much higher expos...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Birnbaum LS

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cadmium (Cd) is a human toxicant and carcinogen. Genetic variation might affect long-term accumulation. Cd is absorbed via iron transporters. OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the impact of iron homeostasis genes [divalent metal transporter 1 (SLC11A2), transferrin (TF), transferrin receptors (TFR2 and TFRC), and fer...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Rentschler G,Kippler M,Axmon A,Raqib R,Ekström EC,Skerfving S,Vahter M,Broberg K

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Environmental heat exposure is a public health concern. The impacts of environmental heat on mortality and morbidity at the population scale are well documented, but little is known about specific exposures that individuals experience. OBJECTIVES:The first objective of this work was to catalyze discussion o...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Kuras ER,Richardson MB,Calkins MM,Ebi KL,Hess JJ,Kintziger KW,Jagger MA,Middel A,Scott AA,Spector JT,Uejio CK,Vanos JK,Zaitchik BF,Gohlke JM,Hondula DM

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On 15-16 September 1997, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsored the Conference on Preventable Causes of Cancer in Children. The conference was convened to examine rising trends in reported incidence of childhood cancer and the association of these trends with environmental exposures. This paper summarizes ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Carroquino MJ,Galson SK,Licht J,Amler RW,Perera FP,Claxton LD,Landrigan PJ

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian respiratory tract is densely innervated by autonomic and sensory nerves around airways and blood vessels. Subsets of these nerves contain a number of putative neurotransmitter peptides, such as substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in sensory nerves and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Springall DR,Edginton JA,Price PN,Swanston DW,Noel C,Bloom SR,Polak JM

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Agricultural work and occupational pesticide use have been associated with increased risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the most common form of kidney cancer. However, few prospective studies have investigated links to specific pesticides. OBJECTIVE:We evaluated the lifetime use of individual pesticides an...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Andreotti G,Beane Freeman LE,Shearer JJ,Lerro CC,Koutros S,Parks CG,Blair A,Lynch CF,Lubin JH,Sandler DP,Hofmann JN

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metal ions form complexes with naturally occurring complexing agents or ligands released from industrial activity. The metal complexes are thereby mobilized and transported in environmental and biological systems. The impact of such metal complexes depends on the metal complex species that are kinetically and thermody...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Fernando Q

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats were used to study the general activity and the isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) during single-instance and long-term introduction of polychlorocamphene. Total lactate dehydrogenase activity decreases in the liver during the single-instance introduction of half the LD50 (120 mg/kg). The isoenzyme...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Kuz'minskaya UA,Alekhina SM

更新日期：1976-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic exposure of rodents to high dose levels of drugs, food additives and environmental chemicals frequently results in liver enlargement. Several of these compounds have been found to enhance the incidence of liver tumors in animals briefly exposed previously to hepatocarcinogens. Accordingly, it has been advanced...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Kunz HW,Tennekes HA,Port RE,Schwartz M,Lorke D,Schaude G

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the association between biomarkers of fetal exposure to cigarette smoke at the end of pregnancy, cotinine in cord serum and in maternal and newborn urine samples, and quantitative measurement of smoking intake and exposure evaluated by maternal self-reported questionnaire. Study subjects were 4...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Pichini S,Basagaña XB,Pacifici R,Garcia O,Puig C,Vall O,Harris J,Zuccaro P,Segura J,Sunyer J

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of the potent mutagenicity of AF-2, which was once used in Japan as a food preservative, has exerted a great influence not only on screening procedures for carcinogenic compounds but also on legislative approaches to mutagenic substances. It promoted the synthesis of exceedingly sensitive and reliable te...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Tazima Y

更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Toxicologic diseases of man and animals, associated with molds growing on foods, have been recognized for centuries. Only in recent years, however, have these mycotoxicoses received the attention of many laboratories and skilled scientists around the world in a broad inter-disciplinary effort. This review covers the l...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Newberne PM

更新日期：1974-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole blood oxygen equilibrium curves (O2 ECs), blood buffer lines, and several hematologic properties were determined for adult guinea pigs exposed to 700 ppm methyl isocyanate (MIC) for 15 min. MIC inhalation effected a significant reduction of blood O2 affinity; the half-saturation pressure (P50) at 38 degrees C in...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Maginniss LA,Szewczak JM,Troup CM

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity of cadmium is determined by chelation reactions: in vivo, Cd2+ exists exclusively in coordination complexes with biological ligands, or with administered chelating agents. The Cd2+ ion has some soft character, but it is not a typical soft ion. It has a high degree of polarizability, and its complexes with...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Andersen O

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most contemporary bioinsecticides are derived from scaled-up cultures of Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis (Bti) and kurstaki (Btk), whose particulate fractions contain mostly B. thuringiensis spores (> 10(12)/L) and proteinaceous aggregates, including crystal-like parasporal inclusion bodies (PIB). Based ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Tayabali AF,Seligy VL

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isoflavonoids and related compounds such as coumestrol have classically been categorized as phytoestrogens because these environmentally derived substances bind to the estrogen receptor (ER) and increase uterine wet weight in immature rats and mice. Assessment of the binding affinities of isoflavonoids for ER and subs...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Markaverich BM,Webb B,Densmore CL,Gregory RR

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we determined the biologic activity of dichloromethane-extracted particulate matter < 10 micro m in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) obtained from filters at three sites in the Paso del Norte airshed, which includes El Paso, Texas, USA; Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico, and Sunland Park, New Mexico, USA. The extrac...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Arrieta DE,Ontiveros CC,Li WW,Garcia JH,Denison MS,McDonald JD,Burchiel SW,Washburn BS

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study assessed whether exposure of male rats to two estrogenic, environmental chemicals, 4-octylphenol (OP) and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) during gestation or during the first 21 days of postnatal life, affected testicular size or spermatogenesis in adulthood (90-95 days of age). Chemicals were administered via...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Sharpe RM,Fisher JS,Millar MM,Jobling S,Sumpter JP

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report updates the risk assessment by Crump and Allen for benzene-induced leukemia that was based on a cohort exposed to benzene in the manufacture of Pliofilm. The present study derives new risk estimates using data from follow-up through 1987 (whereas the earlier assessment only had follow-up available through ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Crump KS

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite experimental evidence, most epidemiologic studies to date have not supported an association between exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POP) and breast cancer incidence in humans. This may be attributable to difficulties in estimating blood/tissue POP concentration at critical time periods of ...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Verner MA,Charbonneau M,López-Carrillo L,Haddad S

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Airway mucus is a complex airway secretion whose primary function as part of the mucociliary transport mechanism is to to serve as renewable and transportable barrier against inhaled particulates and toxic agents. The rheologic properties necessary for this function are imparted by glycoproteins, or mucins. Some respi...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Samet JM,Cheng PW

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between ambient air pollution and adverse health effects, such as emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, has been studied extensively in many countries, including Canada. Recently, studies conducted in China, the Czech Republic, and the Unit...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Liu S,Krewski D,Shi Y,Chen Y,Burnett RT

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiologic studies report associations between particulate air pollution and cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Although the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms remain unclear, it has been hypothesized that altered autonomic function and pulmonary/systemic inflammation may play a role. In this study we exp...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Pope CA 3rd,Hansen ML,Long RW,Nielsen KR,Eatough NL,Wilson WE,Eatough DJ

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pregnancy is a sensitive condition during which adverse environmental exposures should be monitored thoroughly and minimized whenever possible. In particular, the hormone balance during gestation is delicate, and disturbance may cause acute or chronic long-term health effects. A potential endocrine disruptio...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Warth B,Preindl K,Manser P,Wick P,Marko D,Buerki-Thurnherr T

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Air pollution exposure during pregnancy might affect placental growth and function, perhaps leading to pregnancy complications. OBJECTIVE:We prospectively evaluated the associations of maternal air pollution exposure with markers of placental growth and function among 7,801 pregnant women in the Netherlands...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： van den Hooven EH,Pierik FH,de Kluizenaar Y,Hofman A,van Ratingen SW,Zandveld PY,Russcher H,Lindemans J,Miedema HM,Steegers EA,Jaddoe VW

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:C60 fullerenes and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are projected to be used in medicine and consumer products with potential human exposure. The hazardous effects of these particles are expected to involve oxidative stress with generation of oxidatively damaged DNA that might be the initiating event i...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Folkmann JK,Risom L,Jacobsen NR,Wallin H,Loft S,Møller P

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Modern toxicology is shifting from an observational to a mechanistic science. As part of this shift, high-throughput toxicity assays are being developed using alternative, nonmammalian species to prioritize chemicals and develop prediction models of human toxicity. METHODS:The nematode Caenorhabditis elegan...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Boyd WA,Smith MV,Co CA,Pirone JR,Rice JR,Shockley KR,Freedman JH

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are developmental toxicants, but the impact of both maternal and paternal exposures on offspring birth size is largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE:We examined associations between maternal and paternal serum concentrations of 63 POPs, comprising five major classes of pollutant...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Robledo CA,Yeung E,Mendola P,Sundaram R,Maisog J,Sweeney AM,Barr DB,Louis GM

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Once a sign of modernization and growth, dams are often seen today as symbols of environmental and social devastation. Over 800,000 dams have been built worldwide to provide drinking water, flood control, hydropower, irrigation, navigation, and water storage. Dams do indeed provide these things,but at the cost of seve...

journal_title：Environmental health perspectives

authors： Joyce S

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00