Abstract：
:Pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. However, pneumonia is an unusual outcome of respiratory infection. Most of the time, microbes in the lung can be controlled by a combination of constitutive and recruited defense mechanisms. Inflammation is a key component of recruited defenses. Variations in inflammation that influence pneumonia susceptibility and severity are considered here.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Mizgerd JPdoi
10.1016/j.ccm.2018.07.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-12-01 00:00:00pages
669-676issue
4eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216pii
S0272-5231(18)30081-9journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:An older smoker tends to be asked less often to quit although he or she has much to gain from achieving a nonsmoking status. Multiple barriers may interfere with attempting to quit including nicotine withdrawal, doubted self-efficacy, other smokers in one's environment, or misperceptions of little gain from quitting. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary complications occur in 40% to 60% of recipients of bone marrow trans-plants, account for more than 90% of mortality, and develop during identifiable phases. Phase 1 (Days 1-30) includes pulmonary edema; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; and various bacterial, fungal, and viral infections; Phase 2 (Days 31-100) us...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0272-5231(03)00121-7
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacologic treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) differs from that of asthma in several respects. Oral therapy should be the keystone, using a long-acting theophylline or a beta 2-sympathomimetic agent. The addition of a metered dose inhalant aerosol provides additive benefit with low toxici...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent events have underscored the importance of proper diagnosis and management of patients with inhalation injury. Clinicians who care for individuals who have sustained inhalation damage to their respiratory tract need to take a careful exposure history and be alert to possibilities of delayed effects and clinical ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(02)00025-4
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bullectomy for giant bullae, lung volume reduction surgery, and lung transplantation are three surgical therapies that may benefit highly selected patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this article, each procedure is reviewed, with an emphasis on guidelines for patient selection and clinical...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.05.004
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As specialized laboratory tests became more widely available, Legionella species were found to be common causes of nosocomial and community-acquired pneumonia. Patients with chronic lung disease and organ transplants are at greatest risk. Clinical manifestations are non-specific, although fever greater than 39 degrees...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The most common causes for undiagnosed transudative effusions are congestive heart failure and hepatic hydrothorax. Pleural fluid N terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels higher than 1500 pg/mL are virtually diagnostic of congestive heart failure. The most common causes for undiagnosed exudative pleural effusio...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2005.12.002
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary rehabilitation is an art of medical practice incorporating many therapeutic modalities with the goal of improving the patient's functional ability. The gains to be realized and the basis for improvement following pulmonary rehabilitation are detailed in this article. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The term "steroid-resistant (SR) asthma" has been used to describe a group of asthmatics who demonstrate persistent airway obstruction and inflammation despite treatment with high doses of systemic glucocorticoids. There are at least two forms of SR asthma, that is, primary and acquired types. Type I SR asthma is acqu...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70405-6
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As recently as the 1992 Report of the American Thoracic Society Workshop on Lung Transplantation, no QOL facts were given and no knowledge gaps related to QOL outcomes were cited. Even at the present time, the information in that area is based on a relatively small set of preliminary reports. Current information indic...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70387-7
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial pneumonias occur with increased frequency and can be associated with increased morbidity in the HIV-infected population compared with normals. The pathogens that most frequently cause community-acquired pneumonias are S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and occasionally S. aureus. These pneumonias usually respond ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, and it accounts for more deaths than breast, colon, and prostate cancer combined in the United States. From a historical perspective, the premise behind early lung cancer detection strategy is that early detection of lung cancer is justified if early...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2009.09.001
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photodynamic therapy is an investigational treatment of various types of carcinoma. It involves a photosensitizing agent which, when exposed to light of the proper wavelength, forms toxic oxygen radicals that result in cell death. This article describes its current use in the management of bronchogenic carcinoma. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the rare exceptions of PAH associated with antiphospholipid antibodies, genetic platelet dysfunction, or inherited deficiencies of antithrombotic pathways, the thrombotic lesions are secondary, but frequently occurring, in most cases of primary or secondary PAH. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is associated with ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70283-5
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of different imaging modalities can be used in the assessment of pleural disease. Although ultrasound has been the more traditional method, CT has found increasing utility for the assessment of the empyema and loculated pleural fluid collections prior to drainage and the evaluation of benign and malignant ple...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70076-9
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed that invasive carcinoma of the bronchus develops through a transition from preinvasive lesions to overt malignancy. Newer diagnostic technologies have provided a more sensitive way to diagnose preinvasive lesions and a better understanding of the prevalence of such lesions. The natural history of ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2011.08.008
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Millions of people worldwide engage in leisure or occupational activities in extreme environments. These environments entail health risks even for normal subjects. The presence of lung disease, or other conditions, further predisposes to illness or injury. Patients who have lung conditions should, but often do not, co...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2005.05.006
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Smoking is overwhelmingly the major cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema worldwide. Additional risk factors for developing COPD are presented, along with the variables that govern cigarette smoke deposition in the lung. Major paradigms for the pathogenesis of COPD, including the protease-antiprotease and oxidant-...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70008-3
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the United States, trauma is the leading cause of death in people under 40 years of age. Chest trauma is a relatively common but potentially lethal injury and requires a high level of suspicion, rapid diagnosis, and appropriate therapy. Methods for the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of chest trauma are discus...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The modern history of cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of continuous improvement. Guidelines and evidence-based medicine provide a general roadmap for directing improvement efforts. Data and measurement are central to quality improvement (QI), a way of keeping score and staying on track. This article describes the history ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.02.013
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Massive hemoptysis is a rare, but life-threatening event. Death from massive hemoptysis is usually due to aspiration of blood. Thus, the initial evaluation should occur simultaneously with efforts to control the patient's airway and respiratory status. Therapeutic interventions can be directed with an understanding of...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are important emerging cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogens, with estimates of prevalence ranging from 6% to 13%. Diagnosis of NTM disease in patients with CF is challenging, as the infection may remain indolent in some, without evidence of clinical consequence, whereas other patients suffe...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2015.11.001
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pneumonia, acute bronchitis, and sinusitis are common infections encountered by the pulmonary specialist. Such conditions are usually treated with antibiotics, and their use requires an understanding of their pharmacokinetic properties as well as their antimicrobial spectrum and adverse side effects. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article focuses on thoracoscopy for pleural procedures, both diagnostic and therapeutic, and discusses whether there is a difference between pleuroscopy and thoracoscopy or video-assisted thoracic surgery. How thinking should be structured regarding the management of pleural disease in the modern context of avail...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2012.12.002
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Given that poor asthma management leads to such devastating rates of morbidity and mortality in this country, efforts must be made to increase the knowledge, skills, and behaviors of persons with asthma. The suggestions and recommendations provided here represent a blend of academic opinion and practical advice on met...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Respiratory viruses are common in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients and a recognized cause of significant morbidity and mortality. Epidemiology, risk factors, and attributable mortality in both populations are reviewed. In addition, virus-specific prevention and treatment options, including...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2017.07.012
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Military personnel can be exposed to toxicants and conditions that can contribute to lung diseases. This article describes what is known about these exposures and diseases, focusing on the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Adverse lung health outcomes have been reported in US military personnel deployed to Iraq and/or Afghan...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2012.09.001
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After half a century of clinical experience and research, management of pulmonary arterial hypertension remains a challenge. Currently, data to support the use of standard therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension (oxygen supplementation, diuretics, digoxin, anticoagulation, and calcium channel blockers) are mostl...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2006.12.003
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular dysfunction is a commonplace sequelum of sepsis and other systemic inflammatory conditions. Impaired energy production (related to mitochondrial inhibition, damage, and reduced protein turnover) appears to be a core mechanism underlying the development of organ dysfunction. The reduction in energy availabilit...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2008.06.003
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungal pneumonias cause unacceptable morbidity among patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The high incidence of fungal pneumonias in HM/HSCT populations arises from their frequently severe, complex, and persistent immune dysfunction caused by the...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2017.04.009
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
