Abstract：
:The most common causes for undiagnosed transudative effusions are congestive heart failure and hepatic hydrothorax. Pleural fluid N terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels higher than 1500 pg/mL are virtually diagnostic of congestive heart failure. The most common causes for undiagnosed exudative pleural effusions are malignancy, pulmonary embolism, and tuberculosis. Clinical characteristics of patients with a malignant pleural effusion are symptoms for more than 1 month, absence of fever, blood-tinged pleural fluid, and CT findings suggestive of malignancy. Thoracoscopy is useful to establish the diagnosis of malignancy and tuberculosis.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Light RWdoi
10.1016/j.ccm.2005.12.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-06-01 00:00:00pages
309-19issue
2eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216pii
S0272-5231(05)00126-7journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Given that poor asthma management leads to such devastating rates of morbidity and mortality in this country, efforts must be made to increase the knowledge, skills, and behaviors of persons with asthma. The suggestions and recommendations provided here represent a blend of academic opinion and practical advice on met...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cause and presentation of empyema thoraces has changed little since it was first described. The natural history of the disease can be divided into different stages. Different therapeutic measures, medical and surgical, are available for the treatment at various stages. The management of empyema is discussed, empha...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70086-1
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individualized management of asthma requires consideration of single or combined pharmacologic alternatives. This article reviews experimental and clinical data on the efficacy, safety, mode of action, and therapeutic indications for cromolyn and related inhalational compounds; ketotifen; alpha-adrenergic blockers; ca...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxemia is a prevalent problem in the chronically critically ill patient. This article reviews the pathophysiologic mechanisms of hypoxemia in this patient population, discusses how oxygenation is evaluated, and reviews methods for delivery of oxygen. Other topics directly related to oxygen use, such as oxygen toxic...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70029-0
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the rare exceptions of PAH associated with antiphospholipid antibodies, genetic platelet dysfunction, or inherited deficiencies of antithrombotic pathways, the thrombotic lesions are secondary, but frequently occurring, in most cases of primary or secondary PAH. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is associated with ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70283-5
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article provides a systematic review of the literature on the application of noninvasive ventilation in various forms of hypercapnic and hypoxemic respiratory failures. A description of the underlying pathophysiology is followed by a review of physiologic data explaining the mechanisms of action of noninvasive ve...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70330-0
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corticosteroids are the most effective treatment for asthma; inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are the first-line treatment for children and adults with persistent symptoms. ICSs are associated with significant improvements in lung function. The anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids are mediated by both genomic an...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2018.10.010
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lung transplantation is an accepted treatment for a large number of end-stage pulmonary diseases. There are several complications that pertain specifically to lung transplant recipients, including airway ischemia, reperfusion edema, infections, acute rejection, obliterative bronchiolitis, and other postoperative probl...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70257-4
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article review available strategies for mechanically ventilating patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome. The authors first present the conventional strategies of mechanical ventilation: volume-limited mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) at normal inspiratory-expirato...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH), are unusually prevalent among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Often these disease states are identified at younger ages than would be expected in the general population. Recent epide...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.01.010
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the pathophysiology of the respiratory system after upper abdominal surgery, emphasizing the role of respiratory muscle dysfunction. The history of current techniques to measure respiratory muscle function are reviewed. The authors describe the postoperative pattern of breathing, speculate on th...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although primarily a lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is now recognized to have extrapulmonary effects on distal organs, the so-called systemic effects and comorbidities of COPD. Skeletal muscle dysfunction, nutritional abnormalities including weight loss, cardiovascular complications, metabo...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.10.007
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prophylaxis for DVT unequivocally is beneficial in patients identified to be at high risk. Heparin prophylaxis with subcutaneous low-dose UFH is adequate in some clinical settings but less effective in others. LMWH preparations are effective and safe as prophylaxis in certain medical patients as well as in general sur...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After half a century of clinical experience and research, management of pulmonary arterial hypertension remains a challenge. Currently, data to support the use of standard therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension (oxygen supplementation, diuretics, digoxin, anticoagulation, and calcium channel blockers) are mostl...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2006.12.003
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The optimal surgical use of laser devices requires an understanding of the interaction mechanisms of laser radiation with biologic tissue. This article will review the physical and biologic factors that have an impact on surgical applications of the laser. It is hoped that this review can lead to improved surgical app...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pneumonia, acute bronchitis, and sinusitis are common infections encountered by the pulmonary specialist. Such conditions are usually treated with antibiotics, and their use requires an understanding of their pharmacokinetic properties as well as their antimicrobial spectrum and adverse side effects. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a major and growing health problem, with a mortality rate that continues to increase. Several factors, have been identified as individual predictors of mortality in COPD. This article reviews individual predictors for mortality. It also discusses the ability of a...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.05.002
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The features characterizing pneumonia due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae are described. Typical cases, along with chest radiographs of laboratory-documented cases, are presented. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is commonly associated with pulmonary disease that can affect any anatomic compartment of the thorax. The most common intrathoracic manifestations of RA include interstitial lung disease, airway disease, pleural disease, rheumatoid nodules, and drug-induced toxicity. Patients with RA with tho...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2019.05.003
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article assesses the role of pharmacotherapy in the management of respiratory muscle dysfunction. It focuses on two classes of drugs, the methylxanthines and the sympathomimetic agents. A prospective section focuses also on the particularities of the diaphragm among the skeletal striated muscles. In addition, a n...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lung cancer remains the most common fatal malignancy, so even modest therapeutic advances are potentially beneficial to large numbers of patients. For patients with regional nodal metastases identified at thoracotomy, adjuvant chemotherapy may be of benefit and additional clinical trials are in progress. Locally advan...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:VAP is a complex nosocomial infection, the disease expression and resulting patient outcome of which is dependent on host factors, the causative organism, the timing and adequacy of treatment, and the presence of intrinsic or inducible antibiotic resistance. Significant improvements have been achieved in our...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70242-2
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To conclude, impairment ratings differ among various diseases and compensation programs. It therefore is important to note, at the outset, which compensation program the patient is eligible for because the requirements of the different programs may vary. The physician report must clearly state an opinion using termino...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70395-6
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last decade has heralded a paradigm shift in the evaluation and treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). No longer are patients with NSCLC considered a homogeneous population treated in the same way; rather, clinical characteristics, histology, and an expanding array of molecular markers are incre...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2011.08.017
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary thromboembolism is a major cause of maternal mortality. DVT causes significant morbidity in pregnancy and in later life owing to the post-thrombotic syndrome. Obstetricians must have an understanding of the risk factors for VTE, the appropriate use of prophylaxis, the need for objective diagnosis in women wi...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(02)00055-2
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. However, pneumonia is an unusual outcome of respiratory infection. Most of the time, microbes in the lung can be controlled by a combination of constitutive and recruited defense mechanisms. Inflammation is a key component of recruited defenses. Variations in...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2018.07.002
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pleural malignancies are ideal for novel therapeutic approaches because they are invariably fatal. Intrapleural (IP) chemotherapy has only marginal benefit in pleural malignancies, but may prove efficacious with hyperthermic chemotherapy administered in combination with maximal tumor debulking. IP immunotherapies may ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.04.007
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bullectomy for giant bullae, lung volume reduction surgery, and lung transplantation are three surgical therapies that may benefit highly selected patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this article, each procedure is reviewed, with an emphasis on guidelines for patient selection and clinical...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.05.004
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recent advances in our understanding of breathing in sleep include an evolution in the selection and surgical therapy of patients with the sleep apnea syndrome. Recent work suggests that shorter polysomnographic studies may be adequate for diagnostic purposes in many sleep apnea patients. It is now clear that cent...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial pneumonias occur with increased frequency and can be associated with increased morbidity in the HIV-infected population compared with normals. The pathogens that most frequently cause community-acquired pneumonias are S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and occasionally S. aureus. These pneumonias usually respond ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
