Ventilatory strategies in the management of the adult respiratory distress syndrome.

abstract：:Gram-negative bacteria gain access to the bloodstream by evading host defenses. Once in circulation, lipopolysaccharide interacts with the host receptor CD14 and initiates the host's immune response. Lipolysaccharide stimulates the host to produce a cascade of mediators that activate and target leukocytes, opsonize th...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Marsh CB,Wewers MD

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Management of acute lung injury (ALI) and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is largely supportive, with the use of mechanical ventilation being a central feature. Recent advances in the understanding of ALI/ARDS and mechanical ventilation have revealed that lung-protective ventilation strategies may atten...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Fan E,Stewart TE

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hemodynamic monitoring is a diagnostic tool. Because hemodynamic monitoring often requires invasive procedures, it can be associated with an increased incidence of untoward events. Like any diagnostic tool, its ability to improve outcome will be primarily related to the survival benefit enjoyed by specific therapies t...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Pinsky MR

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As specialized laboratory tests became more widely available, Legionella species were found to be common causes of nosocomial and community-acquired pneumonia. Patients with chronic lung disease and organ transplants are at greatest risk. Clinical manifestations are non-specific, although fever greater than 39 degrees...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Nguyen ML,Yu VL

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of chronic bronchitis has been hampered by the fact that the diagnosis is based upon historical evidence of recurrent cough and sputum without any requirement that certain physiologic or microscopic criteria be met. Despite the fact that epidemiological studies have implicated viruses, bacteria, and ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Sachs FL

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the increasing threat of pandemic influenza and catastrophic bioterrorism, it is important for intensive care providers to be prepared to meet the challenge of large-scale airborne epidemics causing mass casualty respiratory failure. The severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak exposed the vulnerability of heal...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Phua GC,Govert J

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interventional pulmonology encompasses diagnostic and therapeutic bronchoscopic procedures, and pleural interventions. In the last 10 years older techniques have been refined and exciting new technologies have extended the reach and application of the instruments used. The main areas within pulmonary medicine for whic...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Morgan RK,Ernst A

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Hispanic population in the United States is diverse in many respects. Although there is marked variation in the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of asthma among Hispanic subgroups in the United States, these differences are poorly understood. Future stu-dies of asthma should include large samples of Hispanic s...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Cohen RT,Celedón JC

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bullectomy for giant bullae, lung volume reduction surgery, and lung transplantation are three surgical therapies that may benefit highly selected patients with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this article, each procedure is reviewed, with an emphasis on guidelines for patient selection and clinical...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Lederer DJ,Arcasoy SM

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There will be many changes in the sleep field in the next 5 to 10 years. These will include increments in our knowledge of the basic neurobiologic mechanisms driving sleep and the impact of sleep loss on general health. The technology used in the sleep laboratory will likely change as well, leading to a larger range o...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： White DP

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The process of smoking cessation involves progression through five stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. Most patients are not prepared to take action on their smoking, yet most smoking cessation programs are designed for smokers who are so prepared. Small percentages...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Prochaska JO,Goldstein MG

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For clinicians involved in airway management, a plan of action for dealing with the difficult airway or a failed intubation should be developed well in advance of encountering a patient in whom intubation is not routine. When difficulty is anticipated, the equipment necessary for performing a difficult intubation shou...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Schwartz DE,Wiener-Kronish JP

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent events have underscored the importance of proper diagnosis and management of patients with inhalation injury. Clinicians who care for individuals who have sustained inhalation damage to their respiratory tract need to take a careful exposure history and be alert to possibilities of delayed effects and clinical ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Rabinowitz PM,Siegel MD

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung transplantation is an accepted treatment for a large number of end-stage pulmonary diseases. There are several complications that pertain specifically to lung transplant recipients, including airway ischemia, reperfusion edema, infections, acute rejection, obliterative bronchiolitis, and other postoperative probl...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Shepard JA

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After half a century of clinical experience and research, management of pulmonary arterial hypertension remains a challenge. Currently, data to support the use of standard therapies for pulmonary arterial hypertension (oxygen supplementation, diuretics, digoxin, anticoagulation, and calcium channel blockers) are mostl...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Alam S,Palevsky HI

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thoracic imaging is widely used to detect lower respiratory tract infections, identify their complications, and aid in differentiating infectious from noninfectious thoracic disease. Less commonly, the combination of imaging findings and a clinical setting can favor infection with a specific organism. This confluence ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Ketai L,Jordan K,Busby KH

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The term "steroid-resistant (SR) asthma" has been used to describe a group of asthmatics who demonstrate persistent airway obstruction and inflammation despite treatment with high doses of systemic glucocorticoids. There are at least two forms of SR asthma, that is, primary and acquired types. Type I SR asthma is acqu...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Leung DY,Szefler SJ

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An older smoker tends to be asked less often to quit although he or she has much to gain from achieving a nonsmoking status. Multiple barriers may interfere with attempting to quit including nicotine withdrawal, doubted self-efficacy, other smokers in one's environment, or misperceptions of little gain from quitting. ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Cox JL

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nasal CPAP is and should be the first-line treatment for OSA. Any physician who uses nasal CPAP undoubtedly recognizes that this treatment modality has limitations, however. The authors believe that surgery offers a viable alternative to nasal CPAP in patients who are intolerant of nasal CPAP. Potential risks and comp...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Li KK

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most gravidas with asthma can be managed with an inhaled beta-adrenergic agonist (terbutaline or epinephrine) and beclomethasone dipropionate. The administration of prednisone to control exacerbation of asthma is appropriate and should not be withheld if current medications are inadequate. The outcome of pregnancy in ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Greenberger PA

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The psychosocial assessment of applicants to the Toronto Lung Transplant Program provides the team with a variety of information including coping style; adjustment to illness; presence and management of psychiatric disorders; ability to adhere to medical recommendations; and available social support. This information ...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Craven JL,Bright J,Dear CL

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains controversial. The benefits of conventional treatment with corticosteroids plus either azathioprine or cyclophosphamide have not been established in randomized, controlled trials. Other treatment strategies have been suggested as understanding of the pathoge...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Nathan SD

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bronchodilator therapy with adrenergic agonists in asthma is discussed and the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of various routes of administration of beta agonists are compared. The aerosol administration, the most effective route, is described in detail as to the optimal technique of administration, to the vari...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Shim C

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although they are complex, the pulmonary-renal syndromes can be readily understood and managed using a clinical approach firmly grounded in the fundamental pathophysiology of these disorders. Several important principles must be borne in mind. First, therapeutic intervention must be preceded by making as firm a diagno...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Young KR Jr

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In general, lung involvement in connective tissue disorders has not been as well defined as has isolated interstitial lung disease; this applies particularly to bronchiolitis, which occurs infrequently. The low prevalence of bronchiolitis may reflect difficulties in making the diagnosis in mild to moderate disease; at...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Wells AU,du Bois RM

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity hypoventilation syndrome has been noted for centuries, yet we still are trying to uncover the exact mechanisms behind the disease and best treatment modalities for patients afflicted by the condition. The syndrome, which results in symptoms based on a diverse spectrum of interactions between obesity, ventilato...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Iftikhar IH,Roland J

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on thoracoscopy for pleural procedures, both diagnostic and therapeutic, and discusses whether there is a difference between pleuroscopy and thoracoscopy or video-assisted thoracic surgery. How thinking should be structured regarding the management of pleural disease in the modern context of avail...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Detterbeck FC

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are important emerging cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogens, with estimates of prevalence ranging from 6% to 13%. Diagnosis of NTM disease in patients with CF is challenging, as the infection may remain indolent in some, without evidence of clinical consequence, whereas other patients suffe...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Martiniano SL,Nick JA,Daley CL

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The heart and lungs are intimately linked. Hence, impaired function of one organ may lead to changes in the other. Accordingly, heart failure is associated with airway obstruction, loss of lung volume, impaired gas exchange, and abnormal ventilatory control. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is an excellent tool for ev...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Cundrle I Jr,Olson LJ,Johnson BD

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article assesses the role of pharmacotherapy in the management of respiratory muscle dysfunction. It focuses on two classes of drugs, the methylxanthines and the sympathomimetic agents. A prospective section focuses also on the particularities of the diaphragm among the skeletal striated muscles. In addition, a n...

journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine

authors： Aubier M

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00