Abstract：
:Bronchodilator therapy with adrenergic agonists in asthma is discussed and the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of various routes of administration of beta agonists are compared. The aerosol administration, the most effective route, is described in detail as to the optimal technique of administration, to the various forms of aerosol therapy, and to the paucity of side effects. Practical aspects of oral beta agonist therapy and its side effects are compared with those of theophylline therapy; for the patients with frequent attacks of severe asthma, a program of self-administration of epinephrine subcutaneously is discussed.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Shim Csubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-12-01 00:00:00pages
659-68issue
4eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Given that poor asthma management leads to such devastating rates of morbidity and mortality in this country, efforts must be made to increase the knowledge, skills, and behaviors of persons with asthma. The suggestions and recommendations provided here represent a blend of academic opinion and practical advice on met...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prophylaxis for DVT unequivocally is beneficial in patients identified to be at high risk. Heparin prophylaxis with subcutaneous low-dose UFH is adequate in some clinical settings but less effective in others. LMWH preparations are effective and safe as prophylaxis in certain medical patients as well as in general sur...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recognition and management of agitation, delirium, and pain are key areas. Reduced use of sedatives is an important measure that must be coupled with increased patient engagement, mobilization, and exercise. Use of low tidal volumes and low mean airway pressures during mechanical ventilation is helpful. A key hemodyna...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2016.01.006
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biologic drugs have revolutionized the treatment of certain hematologic, autoimmune, and malignant diseases, but they may place patients at risk for reactivation or acquisition of tuberculosis. This risk is highest with the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors. Amongst this class of drugs, the monoclonal ant...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2019.07.003
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the past decade, there have been more patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) surviving to adulthood; whether due to late repair, or complex underlying CHD, many of these patients will be faced with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with CHD (APAH-CHD). In this review, the authors discuss the mo...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.08.011
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Delirium is a frequent complication in older patients in the ICU and often persists beyond their ICU stay. Delirium in older persons in the ICU is a dynamic and complex process. There is a high prevalence of pre-existing cognitive impairment in patients who are admitted to the medical ICU. This pre-existing cognitive ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(03)00092-3
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corticosteroids are the most effective treatment for asthma; inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are the first-line treatment for children and adults with persistent symptoms. ICSs are associated with significant improvements in lung function. The anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids are mediated by both genomic an...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2018.10.010
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the basic pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the abnormal pulmonary gas exchange often seen in patients with cirrhosis. To summarize, the following keypoints seem appropriate: (1) Patients with cirrhosis have a low pulmonary vascular tone characterized by a poor or absent hypoxic pressor respo...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70298-7
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The modern history of cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of continuous improvement. Guidelines and evidence-based medicine provide a general roadmap for directing improvement efforts. Data and measurement are central to quality improvement (QI), a way of keeping score and staying on track. This article describes the history ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2007.02.013
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe asthma remains poorly understood and frustrating to treat, partly because it is a heterogeneous disease. Recent improvements in the definition of severe asthma have allowed better characterization of the phenotypes of severe asthma and the related physiologic and pathologic abnormalities. Early-onset severe ast...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2005.10.002
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article assesses the role of pharmacotherapy in the management of respiratory muscle dysfunction. It focuses on two classes of drugs, the methylxanthines and the sympathomimetic agents. A prospective section focuses also on the particularities of the diaphragm among the skeletal striated muscles. In addition, a n...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs), when used in combination with long-acting bronchodilators, reduce the risk of exacerbations and improve health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared with bronchodilator or ICS therapy alone. Potential side effects of ICSs include ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2020.05.006
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objectives of this article are to (1) understand how respiratory event definitions and syndrome threshold values affect prevalence estimates of obstructive sleep apnea in adults, (2) recognize important risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea in adults, and (3) understand current theories of the underlying mechan...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2010.02.011
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. However, pneumonia is an unusual outcome of respiratory infection. Most of the time, microbes in the lung can be controlled by a combination of constitutive and recruited defense mechanisms. Inflammation is a key component of recruited defenses. Variations in...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2018.07.002
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The heart and lungs are intimately linked. Hence, impaired function of one organ may lead to changes in the other. Accordingly, heart failure is associated with airway obstruction, loss of lung volume, impaired gas exchange, and abnormal ventilatory control. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is an excellent tool for ev...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2019.02.010
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elevated serum IgE has many etiologies including parasitic infection, allergy and asthma, malignancy, and immune dysregulation. The hyper-IgE syndromes caused by mutations in STAT3, DOCK8, and PGM3 are monogenic primary immunodeficiencies associated with high IgE, eczema, and recurrent infections. These primary immuno...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2016.04.016
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of mechanical devices may be used to provide assistance when ventilation and cough are severely impaired by progressive respiratory weakness caused by neuromuscular disease. Traditionally, positive pressure ventilation via a tracheostomy has been used, but if upper airway function is adequate, a variety of n...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hemodynamic monitoring is a diagnostic tool. Because hemodynamic monitoring often requires invasive procedures, it can be associated with an increased incidence of untoward events. Like any diagnostic tool, its ability to improve outcome will be primarily related to the survival benefit enjoyed by specific therapies t...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(03)00095-9
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article concentrates on those factors that are particularly important for performing and interpreting lung function tests in children. Specifically, technical considerations such as equipment, personnel, test performance, and bronchoprovocation procedures are discussed. Changes in lung function with growth and ap...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The host response to microbial invasion in the lung must be sufficiently vigorous to allow for microbial eradication but appropriately controlled to prevent spillover of the response into the systemic circulation. Although inflammatory responses in pneumonia are generally compartmentalized, microbial and host factors ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2004.10.009
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As specialized laboratory tests became more widely available, Legionella species were found to be common causes of nosocomial and community-acquired pneumonia. Patients with chronic lung disease and organ transplants are at greatest risk. Clinical manifestations are non-specific, although fever greater than 39 degrees...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the rare exceptions of PAH associated with antiphospholipid antibodies, genetic platelet dysfunction, or inherited deficiencies of antithrombotic pathways, the thrombotic lesions are secondary, but frequently occurring, in most cases of primary or secondary PAH. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is associated with ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70283-5
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ICU-acquired weakness is a common problem and carries significant morbidity. Despite evidence that early mobility can mitigate this, implementation outside of the research setting is lagging. Understanding barriers at the systems as well as individual level is a crucial step in successful implementation of an ICU mobi...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2015.05.006
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stents are used for palliation of symptoms of central airway obstruction caused by either malignant or benign conditions. Stents may be applied for maintaining airway patency after dilatation of postinflammatory and infectious strictures, for airway dehiscence after lung transplantation, and for the management of trac...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2009.08.002
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:VAP is a complex nosocomial infection, the disease expression and resulting patient outcome of which is dependent on host factors, the causative organism, the timing and adequacy of treatment, and the presence of intrinsic or inducible antibiotic resistance. Significant improvements have been achieved in our...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70242-2
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This heterogeneous group of immunologic causes of pleural effusions includes connective tissue diseases, a syndrome related to tissue injury (postcardiac injury syndrome), a disease of unknown etiology (sarcoidosis), a malignancy, and adverse reactions to drugs. Except in rheumatoid pleurisy and lupus pleuritis, the p...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, the evaluation of the tired patient requires an awareness of the various meanings of tiredness. Furthermore, it is important to differentiate normal sleepiness that is a product of circadian rhythm variation in vigilance from pathologic sleepiness. Sleepiness that results from faulty habits, e.g., altered ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:VAP is clearly associated with an increased mortality, principally because of virulent pathogens such as P. aeruginosa. Part of the increased mortality may be due to inadequacies of antibiotic therapy. Apparent failure of antibiotic therapy has many causes; some are related to deficiencies of the antibiotic therapy, b...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is the most important cause of early morbidity and mortality following lung transplantation. PGD affects up to 25% of all lung transplant procedures and currently has no proven preventive therapy. Lung transplant recipients who recover from PGD may have impaired long-term function and a...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2011.02.007
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several medications have been associated with the development of the BOOP lesion. Often, symptoms include nonproductive cough and shortness of breath with bilateral crackles by examination. Occasionally, there is fever and rash, and, rarely, eosinophilia. The chest radiograph usually shows bilateral patchy infiltrates...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0272-5231(03)00140-0
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
