Abstract：
:Recognition and management of agitation, delirium, and pain are key areas. Reduced use of sedatives is an important measure that must be coupled with increased patient engagement, mobilization, and exercise. Use of low tidal volumes and low mean airway pressures during mechanical ventilation is helpful. A key hemodynamic principle following early aggressive volume resuscitation is subsequent careful assessment to avoid unnecessary additional volume administration and adverse consequences of frank volume overload. Substantial evidence now supports a lower hemoglobin transfusion threshold of 7 g/dL. A rush to initiate enteral or parenteral feeds is not clearly supported by the current evidence.
journal_name
Clin Chest Medjournal_title
Clinics in chest medicineauthors
Gelinas JP,Walley KRdoi
10.1016/j.ccm.2016.01.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-06-01 00:00:00pages
347-65issue
2eissn
0272-5231issn
1557-8216pii
S0272-5231(16)30005-3journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Massive hemoptysis accounts for a minority of all patients with hemoptysis but poses a major challenge for the acute and long-term treatment. Massive hemoptysis can lead to asphyxiation and airway obstruction, shock, and exsanguination. Bronchoscopy plays an integral part in managing massive hemoptysis in diagnosis an...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70129-5
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular dysfunction is a commonplace sequelum of sepsis and other systemic inflammatory conditions. Impaired energy production (related to mitochondrial inhibition, damage, and reduced protein turnover) appears to be a core mechanism underlying the development of organ dysfunction. The reduction in energy availabilit...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2008.06.003
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early detection and surgical resection are essential for the treatment of lung cancer. It would be ideal to be able to detect and treat preinvasive bronchial lesions, defined as dysplasia and carcinoma in situ before progressing to invasive cancer. Advanced airway-assessment techniques have opened an avenue for early ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.04.005
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) and its targets are reviewed physiologically during sepsis and wound healing, a self-limiting process in which mechanisms are still identified incompletely. NO also plays an active and direct role during infection, aimed at protecting the host and destroying the microbe. During septi...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70318-x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ICU-acquired weakness is a common problem and carries significant morbidity. Despite evidence that early mobility can mitigate this, implementation outside of the research setting is lagging. Understanding barriers at the systems as well as individual level is a crucial step in successful implementation of an ICU mobi...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2015.05.006
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the past decade, there have been more patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) surviving to adulthood; whether due to late repair, or complex underlying CHD, many of these patients will be faced with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with CHD (APAH-CHD). In this review, the authors discuss the mo...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2013.08.011
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As recently as the 1992 Report of the American Thoracic Society Workshop on Lung Transplantation, no QOL facts were given and no knowledge gaps related to QOL outcomes were cited. Even at the present time, the information in that area is based on a relatively small set of preliminary reports. Current information indic...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70387-7
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Respiratory viruses are common in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients and a recognized cause of significant morbidity and mortality. Epidemiology, risk factors, and attributable mortality in both populations are reviewed. In addition, virus-specific prevention and treatment options, including...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2017.07.012
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial pneumonias occur with increased frequency and can be associated with increased morbidity in the HIV-infected population compared with normals. The pathogens that most frequently cause community-acquired pneumonias are S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and occasionally S. aureus. These pneumonias usually respond ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hyperventilation seen in asthma is due to an increase in respiratory drive. This may be reflected by increased neural output to the respiratory muscles and probably by alterations in the respiratory pattern. This increased respiratory drive is most likely in response to irritant receptor stimulation in the lung. O...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article focuses on thoracoscopy for pleural procedures, both diagnostic and therapeutic, and discusses whether there is a difference between pleuroscopy and thoracoscopy or video-assisted thoracic surgery. How thinking should be structured regarding the management of pleural disease in the modern context of avail...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2012.12.002
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood gas analyses are an essential part of modern patient care. Although all blood gas instruments have pH, PCO2, and PO2 electrodes based on the same principles, instruments in current use vary greatly in design, operator dependence, and accuracy. For the clinician to obtain accurate and timely results there must be...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the performance of more endoscopic procedures and newly developed diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, a wealth of information around the actual procedure is created. To date, accepted guidelines for standardized documentation are lacking. The authors present recommendations for minimal guidelines that may help...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70051-4
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although they are complex, the pulmonary-renal syndromes can be readily understood and managed using a clinical approach firmly grounded in the fundamental pathophysiology of these disorders. Several important principles must be borne in mind. First, therapeutic intervention must be preceded by making as firm a diagno...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last few years, there has been considerable progress in our understanding of the mechanisms of action and resistance to antimycobacterials. To date, there is information about 11 genes involved in resistance in M. tuberculosis. This has prompted the development of novel tests for the rapid identification of res...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70355-5
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of nuclear magnetic resonance to produce diagnostic images of the human chest has just become possible. These images are computer-reconstructed maps of the distribution in tissue of protons and of some of their magnetic characteristics. The images are high resolution and anatomically accurate, are capable of d...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors attempt to demonstrate those circumstances for which perfusion scintigraphy, by itself, or in combination with ventilation scintiscanning, offers the best adjunctive information in excluding or confirming the presence of pulmonary embolism. They then identify those circumstances in which scintiscanning doe...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary complications occur in 40% to 60% of recipients of bone marrow trans-plants, account for more than 90% of mortality, and develop during identifiable phases. Phase 1 (Days 1-30) includes pulmonary edema; diffuse alveolar hemorrhage; and various bacterial, fungal, and viral infections; Phase 2 (Days 31-100) us...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0272-5231(03)00121-7
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hemodynamic monitoring is a diagnostic tool. Because hemodynamic monitoring often requires invasive procedures, it can be associated with an increased incidence of untoward events. Like any diagnostic tool, its ability to improve outcome will be primarily related to the survival benefit enjoyed by specific therapies t...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(03)00095-9
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tuberculosis (TB) epidemic is well controlled in most developed countries and the focus in these areas has shifted to TB eradication. Transmission within nonendemic areas is limited and most cases of TB result from reactivation of distant (latent) infection. With adequate resources, wide-scale use of preventive th...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2009.08.012
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photodynamic therapy is an investigational treatment of various types of carcinoma. It involves a photosensitizing agent which, when exposed to light of the proper wavelength, forms toxic oxygen radicals that result in cell death. This article describes its current use in the management of bronchogenic carcinoma. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Corticosteroids are the most effective treatment for asthma; inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are the first-line treatment for children and adults with persistent symptoms. ICSs are associated with significant improvements in lung function. The anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids are mediated by both genomic an...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2018.10.010
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fungal pneumonias cause unacceptable morbidity among patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) and recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The high incidence of fungal pneumonias in HM/HSCT populations arises from their frequently severe, complex, and persistent immune dysfunction caused by the...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2017.04.009
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A comprehensive assessment is the foundation of a successful pulmonary rehabilitation programme. There is a broad selection of outcome measures that tend to be categorized into measures of exercise performance (including measures of strength) quality of life (health status), psychological well-being, nutritional statu...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2014.02.010
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, bacterial organisms are clinically relevant contributors to asthma exacerbations, and have received much less attention than viruses in this process. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis have been linked to asthma exacerbations, particularly when sinusitis is present. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0272-5231(05)70268-9
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a potentially severe, frequently disabling autoimmune disease with multiorgan involvement and a typically waxing and waning course. SLE is often considered the prototypical autoimmune disease. Although SLE has the potential to affect any organ, the lungs are commonly involved late...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2010.05.001
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the United States, trauma is the leading cause of death in people under 40 years of age. Chest trauma is a relatively common but potentially lethal injury and requires a high level of suspicion, rapid diagnosis, and appropriate therapy. Methods for the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of chest trauma are discus...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the basic principles of drug treatment of tuberculosis, individual pharmacologic agents, current treatment recommendations, and several special situations that clinicians are likely to encounter in medical practice. ...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2005.02.011
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The last decade has heralded a paradigm shift in the evaluation and treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). No longer are patients with NSCLC considered a homogeneous population treated in the same way; rather, clinical characteristics, histology, and an expanding array of molecular markers are incre...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ccm.2011.08.017
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacologic treatment of the reversible elements of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is discussed in this article. Discussion focuses on three classes of bronchodilator drugs--the sympathomimetic agents, the methylxanthines, and the anticholinergic agents. A section on corticosteroid use in patients with ch...
journal_title：Clinics in chest medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
