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Household food insecurity is associated with low dietary diversity among pregnant and lactating women in rural Malawi.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between household food insecurity and dietary diversity in the past 24h (dietary diversity score (DDS, range: 0-9); minimum dietary diversity (MDD, consumption of three or more food groups); consumption of nine separate food groups) among pregnant and lactating women in rural Malawi. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:Two rural districts in Central Malawi. SUBJECTS:Pregnant (n 589) and lactating (n 641) women. RESULTS:Of surveyed pregnant and lactating women, 66·7 and 68·6 %, respectively, experienced moderate or severe food insecurity and only 32·4 and 28·1 %, respectively, met MDD. Compared with food-secure pregnant women, those who reported severe food insecurity had a 0·36 lower DDS (P<0·05) and more than threefold higher risk (OR; 95 % CI) of not consuming meat/fish (3·19; CI 1·68, 6·03). The risk of not consuming eggs (3·77; 1·04, 13·7) was higher among moderately food-insecure pregnant women. Compared with food-secure lactating women, those who reported mild, moderate and severe food insecurity showed a 0·36, 0·44 and 0·62 lower DDS, respectively (all P<0·05). The risk of not achieving MDD was higher among moderately (1·95; 1·06, 3·59) and severely (2·82; 1·53, 5·22) food-insecure lactating women. The risk of not consuming meat/fish and eggs increased in a dose-response manner among lactating women experiencing mild (1·75; 1·01, 3·03 and 2·81; 1·09, 7·25), moderate (2·66; 1·47, 4·82 and 3·75; 1·40, 10·0) and severe (5·33; 2·63, 10·8 and 3·47; 1·19, 10·1) food insecurity. CONCLUSIONS:Addressing food insecurity during and after pregnancy needs to be considered when designing nutrition programmes aiming to increase dietary diversity in rural Malawi.

journal_name

Public Health Nutr

journal_title

Public health nutrition

authors

Kang Y,Hurley KM,Ruel-Bergeron J,Monclus AB,Oemcke R,Wu LSF,Mitra M,Phuka J,Klemm R,West KP,Christian P

doi

10.1017/S1368980018002719

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-03-01 00:00:00

pages

697-705

issue

eissn

1368-9800

issn

1475-2727

pii

S1368980018002719

journal_volume

pub_type

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Household food insecurity is associated with low dietary diversity among pregnant and lactating women in rural Malawi.